人教版英语选修9-11带英文注解带音标词汇

人教版英语选修9-11带英文注解带音标词汇

选修9unit1

hurding jumping over a series of wooden frames in a race n.

跨栏运动

boxing /5bCksiN/ sport flighting with fists n. 拳击

hula hoping 玩呼啦圈

△pogo stick jumping弹簧单高跷游戏

△jumping jack跳爆竹（一种跳跃运动，跳起时双腿展开，双手在头顶接触，然后慢慢恢复到双脚并拢，手臂垂放在身体两侧的姿势）somersaulting n. 翻筋斗

lunge /lQndV/ sudden forword movement of the body n. vt.

刺，越近，前冲

△Ashrita Furman阿什里塔.弗曼

Guinness /5^inis/ 吉尼斯（人名）

Guinness book of Word Records 《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》

approximate /E5prCksimeit/ almost correct but not

exact;more or less adj. 近似的，大概的

approximately /EprRksI5mEtlI/ adv. 近似地，大约地

conventional /kEn5venFEnl/ following accepted

practices,customs or standards adj. 习俗的，传统的

laughter /5lB:ftE/ act,sound or manner of laughing n. 笑，笑声

reality /ri(:)5Aliti/ quality or state of being real n. 真实，事实

in reality actual fact;really in 实际上，现实

ajustment act of changing slightly in order to fit into a

particular job or new conditions n.调节，调整

tough /tQf/ difficult adj. 强硬的，困难的 adv. 顽强的

extreme /iks5tri:m/ very great in degree;very severe or

serious adj. 极端的，偏激的

vomit /5vRmIt/ to throw up (contents or the stomach)

through the mouth n. 呕吐，呕吐物

gymastics exercises performed to develop the muscles or

fitness n.(pl) 体操，体能训练

gymnastically of physical exercise and training adv. 体能训练方面

unfit /5Qn5fit/ not perfectly healthy and fit adj. 不适宜的,不太健康的

fascinate /5fAsineit/ to attract or interest (sb) greatly vt. 使着迷，入迷

meditation /medi5teiFEn/ practice of deep religious

thought;deep thought,esp about spiritual matters n. 沉思，冥想

△Sri chinmoy /sri:5 tFInmCI/ 斯里琴摩

spritual of the human spirit or soul;not of physical things adj.

精神上的

marathon /5mArEWEn/ long-distance running race of about

42 kilometres or 26 miles n. 马拉松赛跑

urge /E:dV/ to beg or persuade with force vt. 催促，力劝

accomplish /E5kCmpliF/ to succeed in doning sth;to achieve

vt. 完成，实现

motivation /7mEuti5veiFEn/ act or state of providing sb with

a reason or cause for doing sth n. 动机

devotion /di5vEuFEn/ deep strong love;giving oneself to n.

热爱，投入

soul /sEul/ spiritual or non-material part of a person,beliveed

to exist after death n.灵魂，心灵，精神

sacred /5seikrid/ connected with a god or religion;regarded

with great respect adj. 宗教的，庄严的；神圣的

deed /di:d/ act;things done n. 行为，功绩

conception /kEn5sepFEn/ an idea or a plan n. 主意，计划

tact /tAkt/ ability to do or say the right thing at the right

time;skill at not offending people n. 机敏，乖巧，老练，技巧

regret /ri5^ret/ be sorry about sth vt. vi. 后悔，感到抱歉

repentance /ri5pentEns/ regret or sorrow for wrongdoing n.

后悔

wisdom /5wizdEm/ quality of being wise n. 智慧

virtue /5vE:tju:/ any good quality of character or behaviour n.

美德

noble / nEubl/ having or showing an excellent character /n.

member of the highest social class adj. 高尚的，贵族的 n.贵族

doom /du:m/ vt. to cause to experience or suffer sth

unavoidable /,esp a tragic or ruinous one vt. 注定，判决 n.厄运；毁灭

bid /bid/ vt.&vi. to offer to pay a price or to provide services

for price /n. an offer or proposal of a price vt. vi. 出价，投标 n.出价，投标

juggle /5dVQ^l/ to throw things up into the air,catch them

and throw them into the air again and again vt. vi. 耍把戏，玩杂耍

triathlon /trai5AWlCn/ sports competition in which

competitors run,swim and cycle long distances n. 三项全能运动

triathlete /traI`AWli:t/ sb who competes in a triathlon n. 三项全能运动员

amateur /5AmEtE(:), 5AmEtjuE/ person who practises a sport

or artistic skill without receiving money for it or as a partime

rather than profession n. 业余爱好者champion /5tFAmpjEn/

person,team,animal or plant that has defeated all others in a

competition n. 冠军，优胜者

therefore /5TZEfC:/ for that reason;so adv. 因此，所以

△Barcelona /7bB:si5lEunE/ 巴塞罗那（西班牙东北部港口城市）

springboard /5sprINbC:d/ strong board for jumping on or off

n. 跳板

economics /7i:kE5nCmiks, 7ekE-/ science or principles of the

production,distribution and consumption of goods,esp with

reference to cost n. 经济学

△Slovenia /slEu5vi:njE/ 斯洛文尼亚（国名）

entire /in5taiE/ whole;complete adj. 全部的，完整的

△the Danube River /5dAnjU:b/ 多瑙河（位于欧洲）

attain /E5tein/ to succeed in getting sth;reach or arrive at sth

vt. 获得，达到

△the Parana River /pE5rB:nE/ 巴拉那河(位于南美洲中南部，该州第二大河)

profile /5prEufail/ short description of sb/sth in a

newspaper,broadcast programme or on television n.（人物或事物之）简介，侧面，轮廓

courageous /kE5reidVEs/ brave;fearless adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的

appreciate /E5pri:Fieit/ to understand and enjoy sth;to be

thankful for vt. 鉴赏，感激

appreciation /E7pri:Fi5eiFEn/ grateful

feelings;understanding and enjoyment n. 感谢，感激，欣赏

accountant /E5kauntEnt/ person whose job is to keep and

examine the money accounts of businesses or people n. 会计

receptionist /rI5sepFEnIst/ person who receives people

arriving in a hotel n. 招待员；接待员

lawyer /5lC:jE/ person who is trained and qualified in legal

matters n. 律师

politician /pCli5tiFEn/ person whose business is politics n. 政客，政治家

scarf /skB:f/ piece of material worn for ornament or warmth

round the neck or (by women) over the shoulders or hair n.围巾，头巾，领巾

zip /zip/ fastener made of two sets of metal or plastic teeth

and sliding piece that joins the edges of an opening in material

by drawing the teeth together n. 拉链

underwear /5QndEwZE/ clothes worn next to the body under

other clothes n. 内衣裤

overcoat /5EuvEkEut/ long warm coat worn over other

clothes when going out,esp in cold weather n. 外套大衣，长大衣

salary /5sAlEri/ fixed regular pay (usually monthly) of money

for a job,esp for workers of higher skill and rank n. 薪水

wage /weidV/ regular pay (usually weekly) of money for

labour or services n. 工资

选修9unit2

△Marco Polo /5mB:kEu, 5pEulEu/ 马可.波罗

latitude /5lAtitju:d/ imaginary line around the middle of the

world,measured in degrees n. 纬度

voyage /5vCIIdV/ long journey,esp by sea or in space n. 航海，航行

mercy /5mE:si/ kindness forgiveness n. 仁慈，宽恕，怜悯

at the mercy of under the control of sb/sth;in the power of

sb/sth 受……支配

encyclopedia /en7saiklEu5pi:diE/ book or set of books giving

information about every branch of knowledge,or about one

particular subject,with articles in alphabetical order n. 百科全书

alongside /E5lCN5said/ side by side with; beside prep. 靠着，沿着；adv. 在旁边，沿着边

exploration /7eksplC:5reiFEn/ activity of exploring n. 探险，探测

minimum /5minimEm/ least or smallest adj. 最小的，最低的

celestial /si5lestjEl, si5lestFEl/ heavenly;of the sky adj. 天上的

pole /pEul/ either of the two points at the exact top and

bottom of the earth,which are the opposite ends of the axis on

which it turns n. 地极，柱，杆

equator /i5kweitE/ imaginary line around the earth halfway

between its North and South Poles n. 赤道

horizon /hE5raizn/ line at which the earth and sky appear to

meet n. 地平线，视野

overhead /5EuvEhed/ above one's head adj. 在头上的 adv.在头顶上；在空中；在高处

seaweed /5si:wi:d/ plant growing in the sea,esp on rocks at

the edge of the sea n. 海草，海藻

nowhere /5nEuhwZE/ not anywhere adv. 无处

offshore /5C(:)fFC:/ at sea not far from land adj. 离岸的，海面上的

outward /5autwEd/ (of a journey)going out or away from (a

place that one is going to return to) s the outside adj.

外面的，向外的 adv.向外；在外

tide /taid/ regular rise and fall of large areas of water,esp the

sea caused by the pull of thc moon and sun n. 潮，潮汐，潮流，趋势

secure /si5kjuE/ safe adj. 安全的，可靠地

knot /nCt/ a part where one or more pieces of string,

rope,cloth etc have been tied or twisted together; a tight

uncomfortable feeling caused by a strong emotion such as fear

or anger n.结 tie together two ends or pieces of

string,rope,cloth ,etc 打结

log /lC^/ thick piece of wood from a tree n. 原木，木材

nautical /5nC:tikEl/ connected with ships or sailing adj.海上的，航海的

nautical mile 海里

magnetic /mA^5netik/ having the qualities of a magnet adj.

磁的，有磁性的

△bearing circle方位圆

random /5rAndEm/ made or done without any plan adj. 任意的，随便的

△astrolabe /5AstrEleIb/ n. 古代的天体观测仪，星盘

awkward /5C:kwEd/ difficult to use adj. 难使用的，笨拙的

reference /5refrEns/ act of mentioning;act of looking at for

information n. 参考

△quadrant /5kwCdrEnt/ n. 象限，四分仪

precise /pri5sais/ exact；accurate adj. 精确的，准确的

simplify /5simplifai/ to make simple vt. 单一化，简单化

portable /5pC:tEbl/ light and that can be (easily) carried or

moved adj. 轻便的，手提的，便携的

shortcoming /5FC:tkQmIN/ fault；defect n. 缺点短处

△sextant /5sekstEnt/ n. 六分仪

update /Qp5deit/ to bring sth up to data;to make more

modern vt. 更新

tendency /5tendEnsi/ way a person or thing tends to be or

behave;tend 趋向，倾向

reliable /ri5laiEbl/ dependable adj. 可靠地，可信赖的

△Samuel /5sAmjuEl/ 塞缪尔

swoop /swu:p/ to come down suddenly with a rushing

movement vi. 突降，猛扑

parcel /5pB:sl/ thing or things wrapped up for carrying or

posting n. 小包；包裹

peck /pek/ (of birds) to pick up and eat (food) with the beak

vt. vi. 啄食

cliff /klif/ high,steep face of rock,esp at the edge of the sea

n. 悬崖，峭壁

expedition /7ekspi5diFEn/ organized journey or voyage with

a particular aim n.远征

compulsory /kEm5pQlsEri/ that must be done;required by

rules,etc adj. 必须做的，必修的

reform /ri5fC:m/ change or changes made to a system

organization in order to improve it n. 改革，革新

survival /sE5vaivEl/ state of continuing to live n. 生存，幸存

△Captain Bligh布莱船长

△Tahiti /tB:5hi:ti/ 塔西提岛（位于太平洋）

incident /5insidEnt/ event or happening n. 事件，事变

departure /di5pB:tFE/ action of going away or leaving n. 出发，离开

crew /kru:/ all the people working on a ship,plane,etc n. （轮船、飞机等上的）工作人员，（工作）队

deposit /di5pCzit/ to put sth down in a particular place;to

put money in a bank vt. 放，（把钱）存入银行

dilemma /di5lemE7 dai-/ situation in which one has to

choose between two undesirable things or courses or action n.

进退两难的局面drawback /5drC:7bAk/ disadvantage;problem n.

缺点，障碍

dusk /dQsk/ time before night n. 薄暮，黄昏

routine /ru:5ti:n/ fixed and regular way of doing things n. 常规，日常事务

reckon /5rekEn/ to calculate approximately;to guess vt. 计算，估计

reckoning /5rekEniN/ calculation n. 计算，估计

starvation /stB:5veiFEn/ suffering or death from lack of food

n. 挨饿，饿死

psychology /sai5kClEdVi/ science or study of the mind and

how it functions n.心理学

psychologically /9psaIkE`lCdVIkElI/ of or connected with or

affecting the mind adv.心理上地；心理学地

△tesion feeling of nervous anxiety,worry or pressure n. 紧张，不安，张力

gradual /5^rAdjuEl/ happening slowly adj. 逐渐的，逐步的

gradually /5^rAdjJElI/ not suddenly adv.逐渐地，逐步地

foresee /fC:5si:/ see or know that sth is going to happen in

the future vt. 预知，预见

thirst /WE:st/ desire for drink n. 渴，口渴

△Timor /5ti:mC:/ 帝汶岛（位于东南亚）

set loose start off 出发，开始

tear /tiE/ to pull apart or into pieces by force vt. 扯破，撕破

hardship /5hB:d7Fip/ difficult conditions of life n. 困苦，艰难

jaw /dVC:/ either of the bone structures containing the teeth

n. 颚，颌，下巴

jaw of death the gate of hell 鬼门关，死神

△Greenland /5^ri:nlEnd/ 格陵兰（位于北美洲东北部，世界第一大岛）

△Shetland Islands设得兰群岛（位于英国苏格兰北部）

△the Faroe Islands法罗群岛（位于丹麦北大西洋）

roar /rC:/ to make or produce a loud noise vt. vi.咆哮，轰鸣

background /5bAk^raund/ conditions existing when sth

happens n. 背景，后台

选修9unit3

associate /E5sEuFieit/ to join (people or things) togelher;to

connect (ideas,etc) in one's mind vt. 使发生关系，使联合，结交associatte with 与……联系

△Perth /pE:W/ 珀思（澳大利亚西南部港口城市）

△Kakadu /kAkE 5dU:/ 卡卡杜湾

Canberra /5kAnbErE/ 堪培拉（澳大利亚首都）

△Uluru /U:5lU:rU:/ 乌卢鲁，埃尔斯岩（Ayres Rock）的土著名

barrier /5bAriE/ thing that prevents or controls progress or

movement;thing that keeps people apart n. 障碍物，栅栏，屏障Great Barrier Reef world largest coral reef, along the northeast

coast of Australia 大堡礁

brochure /brEu5FjuE/ booklet containing information about

sth or；advertising sth n. （作介绍或宣传用的）小册子

Commonwealth n. 国家，共和国，联邦

△Kosciuszko /kCzI5jCskEJ/ 科西阿斯科山（位于澳大利亚东南部）

Oceania /7EuFi5einiE/ n. 大洋洲

adequate /5Adikwit/ enough for the purpose; sufficient adj.

适当的，足够的

△Melbourne /5melbEn/ 墨尔本（澳大利亚东南部港市，维多利亚州首府）

ecology /i(:)5kClEdVi/ scientific study of the pattern of

relations between plants,animals and people to each other and

to their surroundings n. 生态学;生态

autonomous /C:5tCnEmEs/ self-governing;governing itself

adj. 自治的

federal /5fedErEl/ of a system of government in which several

states unite,usually for foreign policy,defence,etc,but each state

can have its own government to decide its affairs adj. 联邦的，联合的，联邦制的

defence /di5fens/ act of protecting against attack n. 防卫，辩护

policy /5pClisi/ plan or action in directing affairs chosen by a

government,political party,business,etc n. 政策，方针

tax /tAks/ money paid by peopleor business to a government

for public purposes according to income,property,goods

bought,etc n. 税，税款

taxation /tAk5seiFEn/ act of taxing,taxes to be paid n. 征税，税款

nation /5neiFEn/ large group of people,usually sharing a

common history,language,etc,living in one country n. 国家，民族

citizen /5sitizn/ person who has full rights as a member of a

country 公民，市民

citizenship /`sItIzLnFIp/ state of being a citizen,esp of a

particular country,wilh the rights and duties (that involves) n.公民身份，公民的职责和权力

celebration /7seli5breiFEn/ marking of a happy or important

day,events,etc,with festivities and rejoicing n. 庆典

birthplace /5b:WpleIs/ place of birth n.诞生地

tolerate /5tClEreit/ to allow (sth that one dislikes or disagrees

with) vt. 忍受，容忍

tolerance /5tClErEns/ quality of being able to tolerate n. 宽容，忍受

migrant /5mai^rEnt/ person or animal that moves from one

place to live or work in another n. 移居，移民，候鸟

homeland /5hEJmlAnd/ one's native country n. 祖国，本国

via /5vaiE, 5vi:E/ by way of (sth) prep. 经由，通过，经

△Adelaide /5AdEleid/ 阿德莱德（澳大利亚东南部港市，南澳大利亚前首府）

superb /sju:5pE:b/ perfect in form,quality,etc;

wonderful;excellent;splendid adj. 卓越的，杰出的，极好的

△Nullarbor /`nQlEbR:(r)/ 纳拉伯平原（位于澳大利亚西南部，火箭制造基地和试验场）

rust /rQst/ reddish brown coating formed on iron and some

other metals by the action of water and air n. 铁锈

rusty /`rQstI/ covered with rust adj.生锈的；铁锈色的

tropical /5trCpikl/ coming from or existing in the hottest

parts of the world adj. 热带的

splendour /5splendE/ excellent or grand beauty;state or

quality of being splendid,magnificent,glorious or grand n. 壮观，杰出，壮丽

timetable /5taImteIb(E)l/ list showing the time at which

certain events will take place n. 时间表，时刻表

heritage /5heritidV/ sth which one receives by right after

death of an older member of the family n. 遗产，继承物

aboriginal /7AbE5ridVEnEl/ esp of people) inhabiting a land

from very early period,esp before the arrival of colonists,esp in

Australia adj. 土著的，土生的 n. 土著居民

out of respect because of respect 出于尊敬

fortnight /5fC:tnait/ two weeks n. 两个星期

reservation /7rezE5veiFEn/ booking n. 保留，预定

△Hobart /5hEubB:t/ 霍巴特（澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛东南岸港市）

highway /5haiwei/ main public road;broad main road used

by traffic going in two directions and often leading from one

town to another n. 公路，大路，（美）高速公路cradle /5kreidl/

small bed for a baby,usually made so that it can be moved gently

from, side to side;place where some important movement or idea

begins n. 摇篮，发源地rainfall /5reinfC:l/ total amount of rain

falling within a given area in a given time n. 降雨，降雨量

agriculture /5A^rikQltFE/ science or practice of farming, esp

of growing crops and rearing animals n. 农业，农学

sow /sau/ to plant with seeds vt. vi. 播种，传播

bachelor /5bAtFElE/ unmarried man n. 单身汉，（文理）学士

correspond /kCris5pCnd/ to exchange letters vi. 通信，符合

correspond with 与……通信

owe /Eu/ to feel grateful to;to be in debt to sb for sth vt. vi.

感激，欠（债等）

owe to 把……归功于；欠

enclosure /in5klEuVE/ piece of land that is surrounded with

a fence or wall n. 围地,（用语特定目的）围场

authority /C:5WCriti/ person or group having the power to

give orders or take action n. 权力，权威，当局

desperate /5despErit/ (of a person) ready for any wild act

because of loss of hope;(of an action) done as a last attempt adj.

不顾一切，绝望的

shrink /FriNk/ (cause sth to) become smaller because of

heat ,cold or water vt. vi. 收缩，（使）皱缩，缩短

barbecue /5bB:bIkju:/ metal frame for cooking meat,etc over

an open fire;outdoor part at which food is cooked in this way and

eaten n. 金属烤架，烧烤野餐

talk…into… to persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事

wind /waind/ to fold sth round sb/sth closely vt. 绕，缠

limb /lim/ leg,arm or wing of an animal n. 肢，翼，分支

venom /5venEm/ n. 毒液，恶意，怨恨

venomous /5venEmEs/ adj. 有毒的，分泌毒液的

anti-venom n. 抗毒

paralyze /5pArElaIz/ make temporarily unable to move vt. 使瘫痪，使麻痹

sickness /5siknis/ illness n. 疾病，恶心

recover /ri5kQvE/ to return to the usual state of health,or

strength,etc vt. vi. 痊愈，复原

funnel /5fQnEl/ tube-like vessel that is large and round at the

top and small at the bottom,used for pouring liquids or powders

through a small hole into a vessel with a narrow neck n. 漏斗

△funnelweb spider n. 漏斗网蜘蛛

snatch /snAtF/ to seize (sth/sb) quickly and sometimes

rudely vt. 攫取；抢走

amongst /E5mQNst/ =among;surrounded by;in the middle

of prep. 在……中间，在……之中

vinegar /5vini^E/ sour liquid made from malt,wine,etc and

used for flavouring food and for pickling n. 醋

unconscious /Qn5kCnFEs/ not knowing what is going on

around one because one is unable to use bodily senses and

mental powers adj. 不省人事的，未发觉的，无意识的选修9unit4

pollinate /5pClineit/ transfer pollen and fertilize plant vt.

对……授粉

pollinator n. 虫媒

courtyard /5kC:tjB:d/ space enclosed by wall or

buildings,next to or within a large house n. 庭院，院子，天井

balcony /5bAlkEni/ platform with a wall or rail built onto the

outside wall of a building and reached from an upstairs room n.

阳台，包厢

exotic /i^5zCtik/ from elsewhere;strikingly different adj. 异国情调的，外来的，奇异的

date back to to have lasted since (the date of building or

origin) 追溯到，远在……年代

distant /5distEnt/ far away in space or time adj. 远的，远处的

Egypt /5i:dVIpt/ n. 埃及

goods /^udz/ things for sale n. 货物

scale /skeil/ balance for weighing; one of the two pans on a

balance;relative size,extent,scope,etc n. 磅秤，天平盘；规模；程度；范围

conflict /5kCnflikt/ struggle;flight;disagreement n. 斗争，冲突

missionary /5miFEnEri/ adj. 教会的，传教的n. 传教士

△d'Incarville汤执中（法）

△Joseph Banks约瑟夫.班克斯

endeavour /in5devE/ effort;attempt to do sth new or difficult

n. 尽力，竭力

anchor /5ANkE/ piece of heavy metal,usually a hook with two

arms,at the end of a chain,rope,etc,for lowering in the water to

keep a ship from moving lower an anchor to stop a ship

from moving n. 锚 vt. 抛锚，锚定

△Nathaniel Ward纳撒尼尔.沃德

tight /taIt/ fixed,fastened or drawn together firmly adj. 紧的，紧密的

tightly /5taItlI/ in a tight manner adv.紧紧地；坚固地

seal /si:l/ to fasten or close sth securely vt. 封闭，密封

container /kEn5teinE/ box;bottle,etc in which sth is

kept,transported ,etc n. 容器

△Wardian case沃德箱（培育蕨类植物等的玻璃容器）

restriction /ris5trikFEn/ act of putting a limit on sb/sth n. 限制，约束

fluency /5fluEnsi/ quality of speaking,writing in an easy

smooth manner n.流利，流畅

shave /Feiv/ to cut off (hair or beard) close to the skin with a

razor vt.&vi. 剃，刮

thunderstorm /5WQndEstC:m/ storm with thunder and

lightning and usually heavy rain n. 雷雨，暴雷

pirate /5paiErit/ person who sails the seas,stopping and

robbing ships n. 海盗

△Father Farges法尔热神父（法）

appeal /E5pi:l/ to be attractive or interesting (to sb) （对某人）有吸引力，求助

appeal to being attractive （对某人）有吸引力，呼吁

dove /dEuv/ any of various types of pigeon,used as a symbol

of peace n. 鸽子

botanist /`bCtEnIst/ expert in botany n. 植物学家

△chrysanthemum /kri5sAnW7EmEm/ n. 菊花

red date 红枣

lower /5lEuE/ to let or bring sb/sth down vt. 降低，跌落，减弱

beard /biEd/ hair growing on the chin and the lower cheeks

of a man's face n. 胡须

ripe /raip/ (of fruit,crops,etc) fully grown and ready to be

eaten adj. 熟的，成熟的

irrigation /7iri5^eiFEn/ supplying (land or crops) with water

n. 灌溉

weed /wi:d/ unwanted wild plant,esp among crops or garden

plants n. 野草，杂草

spear /spiE/ weapon with a metal point on a long handle

usewd for hunting or fighting n. 矛，标枪

string /striN/ thin cord made of twisted threads,used to

fasten,pull or tie things up n. 线，细绳，一串

spade /speid/ tool for digging,with a wooden handle and a

broad metal blade n. 铲，铁锹

postpone /pEust5pEun/ to delay;to move to some later time

vt. 延迟，推迟

pyramid /5pirEmid/ structure with a flat square base and

sloping side that meet in a point at the top,esp one of those built

of stone by ancient Egyptians as tombs n. 金字塔monument

/5mCnjumEnt/ building,column,statue,etc built to remind people

of a person or event n. 纪念碑

△pitcher plant n. 猪笼草

△Rafflesia arnoldii n. 大王花

rot /rCt/ to decay naturally or as the result of some outside

influence vt. vi. 腐烂，腐败

evolve /i5vClv/ to develop naturally and gradually vt. 进化，发展，进展

evolution /7i:vE5lu:FEn, 7evE-/ (scientific idea of)

development of various types of animals,plants,etc from fewer

and simpler forms n. 演变，进化

nectar /5nektE/ sweet liquid that bees collect from flowers n.

花蜜；甘露

attach /E5tAtF/ to connect one thing to another vt. 缚上，系上，附加

attach to to fix,fasten,join sth to sth 贴上；附上

wasp /wCsp/ insect related to the bee,with black and yellow

stripes n. 黄蜂

beetle /5bi:tl/ insect often large and black with hard wing-cases n. 甲虫

bat /bAt, bB:t/ small mouse-like flying animal that eats fruit

ant insect and is active at night n. 蝙蝠

moth /mCW/ insect like a butterfly but less brightly

coloured,flying mainly at night n. 蛾

△humming-bird n. 蜂鸟

typical /5tipikEl/ representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的

petal /5petl/ coloured part of a flower that is shaped like a

leaf n. 花瓣

tube /5tju:b/ hollow round pipe n. 管，管子

delicate /5delikit/ fine;sensitive adj. 精巧的，脆弱的，微妙的

fragrant /5frei^rEnt/ having a pleasant or sweet smell adj. 芬芳的，香的

daisy /5deizi/ small white flower with a yellow centre,usual

growing wild n. 雏菊

odour /5EudE/ smell n. 气味，香味，臭味

odourless /`EJdElIs/ without a smell adj. 没有气味的，无嗅的

give out to send out 发出（气味，热等），分发

dull /dQl/ not bright or clear;not shining adj. 不鲜明的，阴暗的

musty /5mQsti/ smelling old,damp because of not having

been used for a long time adj. 发霉的，有霉味的

fruity /5fru:ti/ tasting or smelling strongly of fruit adj. 果味的，（酒）有葡萄味的

选修9unit5

billboard /5bilbC:d/ (US) large outdoor board for

advertisements n.（US）（户外）布告板，广告牌

casual /5kAVjuEl/ not formal;for informal occasions adj. 偶然的，随意的，临时的

garment /5^B:mEnt/ article of clothing n. 衣服，外衣

turn… into to pass from one condition or state to another

（使）变成

advertiser /5AdvEtaizE/ person who advertises n. 登广告者，广告客户

advert /Ed5vE:t/ =advertisement n. 广告

inform /in5fC:m/ to tell sb;to give sb knowledge (of sth) vt.

通知，告诉

association /E7sEusi5eiFEn/ group of people joined together

for a common purpose n. 协会，联系，关联

target /5tB:^it/ objective;result aimed at n. 目标，对象，靶子

fit into to be suitable (for) 适合

basis /5beisis/ foundation n. 基础，根据

technique /tek5ni:k/ method of doing or performing sth,esp

in the arts or sciences n. 技术，技巧

lane /lein/ division of a road,street or highway wide enough

for a single line of motor vehicles n. 车道，行车线

feature /5fi:tFE/ ctive characteristic;aspect vt.&vi. to

have an important or prominent part in sth n. 特征，容貌，特色，特写 vi. vt. 以……为特色，特写

conscience /5kCnFEns/ inner sense that knows the difference

between right and wrong n. 良心，道德心

worthy /5wE:Ti/ deserving respect or recognition adj. 有价值的，可敬的

corporation /7kC:pE5reiFEn/ business company n. 公司，法人，社团

budget /5bQdVit/ plan of how to spend money n. 预算

expense /Ik5spens/ spending of money,etc;cost n. 费用，代价

broadcast /5brC:dkB:st/ n. radio or television programme or

presentation vt.&vi. to speak or appear on radio or television;to

send out (programmes) by radio or television n.广播，播音vt. vi.

广播，播放，播送

rely /ri5lai/ to count or depend on sb/sth vi. 依赖，信赖

rely on 依赖，依靠

visual /5vizjuEl/ concerned with or used in seeing adj. 看的，视觉的

generate /5dVenE7reit/ to produce;to cause to exsit or occur

vt. 发生，产生

response /ris5pCns/ answer;reaction n. 回答，反应，响应

stereo /5stiEriEu/ a machine for playing records that

produces sounds from two speakers n. 立体声，立体声器材

have no use for to have no respect for sb or sth 不需要，讨厌，对……不耐烦，厌恶

refresh /ri5freF/ to make fresh again;to give new strength to

(sb/sth) vt. 使（精神）振奋，使恢复，更新

partly /5pB:tlI/ not completely;in some degree;to some

extent adv. 部分，一定程度上

murder /5mE:dE/ to skill sb unlawfully,esp on purpose

ul killing of a human being vt. 谋杀，谋杀案n.谋杀

suitcase /5sju:tkeis/ case with flat sides for carrying

clothes,etc when travelling n. 手提箱，衣箱

sheet /Fi:t/ thin piece of any material; large four-sided piece

of usually cotton cloth used in pairs between which a person

sleeps n. 片，张，薄片，被单actress /5Aktris/ woman actor n. 女演员

typist /5taipist/ person who types n. 打字员

spokesman /5spEuksmEn/ person who speaks,or is chosen

to speak,on behalf of a group n. 发言人

fluent /5flu(:)Ent/ (of a person) speaking,writing or perform

an action in an easy smooth manner adj. 流利的，流畅的

hostess /5hEustis/ female host n. 女主人

invitation /7invi5teiFEn/ act of inviting;often written request

to go or come somewhere to do sth n. 邀请

appoint /E5pCint/ to choose (sb) for a job,position,etc;to

arrange,settle,fix,decide vt. 约定，约定，任命

chairman /5tFZEmEn/ person in charge of a meeting n. 主席

raise /reiz/ to bring or collect (sth) together vt. 筹集，提高，饲养

dial /5daiEl/ to use the front or face of a telephone to call vt.

拨(号)

operator /5CpEreitE/ person who works a

machine,equipment,etc;person who operates a telephone

switchboard at the exchange n. 操作员，接线员litre /li:tE(r)/ (=liter)

measure of liquids equal to about one and three quarters pints n.

升

mature /mE5tjuE/ fully grown and developed adj. 成熟的，到

期的

fashion /5fAFEn/ manner or way of doing sth;popular style

(of cloth,behaviour,etc) at a given time or place n. 样式，流行，时尚

misleading /mis5li:diN/ giving wrong ideas adj. 易误解的，令人误解的

dishonest /dis5Cnist/ (of a person) not honest;intended to

cheat adj. 不诚实的

alcoholic /7AlkE5hClik/ or containing alcohol n. person

who drinks too much alcohol adj. 酒精的，含酒精的 n. 酗酒者，酒鬼

tobacco /tE5bAkEu/ plant grown for its large leaves,used

chiefly in smoking;product made of tobacco n. 烟草，烟草制品

ban /bB:n/ banning sth forbid,esp by law n 禁令vt. 禁止，取缔

promote /prE5mEut/ to encourage or support;to progress in

work vt. 促进，提升

immoral /i5mCrEl/ not moral;not considered good or right

adj. 不道德的，邪恶的

decent /5di:snt/ proper;socially acceptable adj.正派的，得体的，适当的

ethics /5eWiks/ science that deals with moral;moral

correctness 伦理学，道德规范

ethical /5eWikEl/ of morals or moral questions;morally

correct adj. 合乎道德的，道德的

offending to hurt the feeling of;to cause displeasure to adj.

令人不愉快的，伤害人的感情的

beware /bi5wZE/ to be careful;to take care (about sb/sth) vi.

小心，谨防

consumer /kEn5sju:mE/ person who buys goods or uses

services n. 消费者，顾客

trustworthy /5trQst7wE:Ti/ worthy of trust;reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的

选修10unit1

venture /5ventFE/ business activity that involves

taking risks vi.&vt. to risk going somewhere or do sth dangerous

n.（有风险的）商业、企业 vi. vt. 冒险，敢于去web /web/ network

or fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning creature

n. （蜘蛛等的）网

Scottish /5skCtiF/ of Scotland,its people or its dialect of

English adj. 苏格兰的，苏格兰人的，苏格兰英语的

suffering /5sQfEriN/ pain of body or mind n. 苦楚，受难

gall-bladder organ in the body which contains bile and next

to liver n. 胆囊

strengthen /5streNWEn/ to become strong or stronger;to

gain strength vt. 加强，巩固

△Perce Blackborow珀斯.布莱克鲍罗

△Sir Ernest Shackleton欧内斯特.沙克尔顿爵士

endurance /in5djurEns/ the ability to suffer difficulties or

pain with strength and patience n. 忍耐，持久，耐（性）

hut /hQt/ small house or shelter usually made of wood n. 小屋，棚屋

stove /stEuv/ thing used for cooking n. 炉子

unbearable /Qn5bZErEbl/ which is too bad to be borne adj.

无法忍受的，承受不住的

cosy /5kEuzi/ warm and comfortable adj. 舒适的，安逸的

block out to prevent (sb/sth) from moving 封闭

breathless /5breWlis/ breathing with difficulty adj. 喘不过气来的

rotten /5rCtn/ having gone bad vt. 使变黑

blacken /5blAkEn/ to make sth black：to become black n. 使变黑

circumstance /5sE:kEmstEns/ condition or fact connected

with an event or action n.环境，详情，境况

blast /blB:st/ sudden strong movement of wind or air n. 一阵（风），一股（气流）

hoarse /hC:s/ sounding rough and harsh adj. 嘶哑的

bless /bles/ to ask God's favour or protection for(sb/sth) vt.

祝福，保佑

selfish /5selfiF/ thinking first of one's own interests,needs,etc

without concern for others adj. 自私的

△Tom Orde-Lees汤姆.奥德.利兹

hook /huk/ piece of wire or plastic,etc for catching

sth fasten or hang sth onto sth else (AmE,informal) to

succeed in attracting sb n. 钩，吊钩 vt. 钩住，迷上aboard

/E5bC:d/ on or into a ship，train,aircraft,bus,etc adv.&prep. 在船（飞机，车等）上，上船（飞机，车等）

seasickness /5si:7siknis/ condition of feeling sick in the

stomach as the result of the motion of a ship n. 晕船

anyhow /5enihau/ whatever the facts may be; in any case adv.

无论如何

steward /5stjuEd/ person who serves passengers on a

ship,plane or train n. （轮船，飞机等）乘务员，膳务员

crush /krQF/ to destroy completely;to press with great force

so as to break,hurt or destroy the natural shape or condition vt.

碾碎，粉碎，（使）变形mourn /mC:n/ to feel or show sorrow or

regret for the loss of sb/sth vi. vt. 哀悼，忧伤

urgent /5E:dVEnt/ very important,esp which must be dealt

with quickly adj. 急迫的，紧急的

bedding /5bediN/ sheets,covers,etc that are put on a bed n.

被褥，（家畜）草垫

△Hussey赫西

banjo /5bAndVEu/ musical instrument with four strings and

a drumlike body n. 班卓琴，五弦琴

vital /5vaitl/ connected with or essential to life, of greatest

importance adj. 生死攸关的，重要的

cheerful /5tFiEful/ happy;in good spirits adj. 愉快的，高兴的

persevere /7pE:si5viE/ to continue trying to do sth in spite of

difficulties vt. 坚持

perseverance /7pE:si5viErEns/ continued steady effort to

achieve an aim n. 坚持不懈

faith /feiW/ strong belief;trust n. 信任，信念，信仰，忠实

give way to to give in;to yield;to make way for (sb/sth) 让路，让步

framework /5freimwE:k/ structure giving shape and

support;social order or system n. 框架，结构

rank /rANk/ position or level in an organization n. 等级，军衔，军阶

morale /mC5rB:l/ state of

confidence,enthusiasm,determination,etc of a person or group at

a particular time n. 士气，精神状态

select /si5lekt/ to choose as best,most suitable,etc from a

group n. 选择，挑选

booming /5bu:miN/ king a deep hollow sound adj. 发轰隆声的

swear /swZE/ to promise formally or by an oath vt. 宣誓，发誓

advocate /5AdvEkit/ to speak publicly in favour of (sth);to

recommend vt. 支持，拥护，提倡

freezing /5fri:ziN/ extremely cold;so cold that water turns to

ice adj. 冰冻的，严寒的

stool /stu:l/ seat without a back or arms; solid waste from the

body n. 凳子，大便

gratitude /5^rAtitju:d/ thankfulness n. 感激，感恩

punishment /5pQniFmEnt/ act of punishing or condition of

being punished n. 惩罚，惩处

loyal /5lCiEl/ true and faithful adj. 忠实的，忠诚的

tactful /5tAktful/ having or showing tact adj. 机智的，圆滑的，言行得体的

△Frank Worsley弗兰克.沃斯利

odd /Cd/ strange;unusual;(of number) not even n. 古怪的，奇数的，单数的

stout /staut/ strong and thick;rather fat and heavy adj. 结实的，顽强的，矮胖的

△Hubert Hudson休伯特.哈得逊

optimism /5CptimizEm/ confidence in success；tendency to

expect the best in all things n. 乐观，乐观主义

delay /di5lei/ (cause sb)to be slow or late; to put off until later

of delaying vt. vi. 耽搁，延迟 n. 耽误，延迟

discourage /dis5kQridV/ to take away confidence vt. 使……气馁

dynamic /dai5nAmik/ of power or forces that produce

movement;full of energy adj. 动力的，经历充沛的，有活力的

regular /5re^julE/ happening,coming or doing sth at the

same time each day,week,etc; normal adj. 规则的，定期的，常规的grasp /^rB:sp/ to take or keep a firm hold of (sb/sth),esp with

hand(s);to succeed in understanding vt. 抓住，抓紧，掌握give off

to send out (esp a gas or light) 发出（蒸汽，光等）

△Lionel Greenstreet莱昂内尔.格林斯特里特

bored /bC:d/ tired and uninterested adj. 无聊的，无聊的，烦

人的

liver /5livE/ large organ in the body which produces bile and

cleans the blood n. 肝脏

chef /Fef/ skilled cook,esp the main cook in a hotel or

restaurant n. 厨师，主厨

changeable /5tFeindVEbl/ that can be changed; often

changing adj. 可改变的

caution /5kC:FEn/ great care;act of paying attention or taking

care n. 小心，谨慎，警告

sun-blindness blindness caused by extremely bright sunlight

n. 日盲症，（因阳光强烈导致的暂时）失明

admirable /5AdmErEbl/ very good;worthy of admiration adj.

令人钦佩的，绝妙的，极好的

commitment /kE5mitmEnt/ promise to do sth;hard work and

loyalty given to an organization n. 许诺，委托事项，承担义务proverb /5prCvE(:)b/ short well-known saying usually in popular

language n. 谚语

选修10unit2

△King Lear李尔王

respectful /ris5pektful/ showing politeness and respect adj.

尊敬的，尊重人的

disrespectful /7disris5pektful/ showing impoliteness or

rudeness adj. 失礼的，无礼的

disrespectfully adv. 失礼地，无礼地

emperor /5empErE/ head of an empire n. 皇帝，君主

shorten /5FC:tn/ to make or become shorter vt. 缩短，使变短

modernize /5mCdE(:)naiz/ to make sth suitable for moden

use;to bring up to date vt. 使现代化

throne /WrEun/ special chair or seat of a king n. 王座，王位

△Regan /`ri:^En/ 里根

△Goneril /5^CnEril/ 贡纳莉

△Cordelia科迪莉亚

duke /dju:k/ nobleman of the highest rank n. 公爵

△Albany /5C:lbEni/ 奥尔巴尼

△Cornwall /`kR:nwR:l/ 康沃尔

△Kent /kent/ n. 肯特

burden /5bE:dn/ heavy load;duty,responsibility,etc that is

hard to do properly n. 负担，担子

hand over to give power or responsibility to 移交（权力、责任）

responsibility /ris7pCnsE5biliti/ commitment or duty for

which a person is responsible n. 责任，职责

boundary /5baundEri/ line that marks a limit; dividing

line;border n. 边界，分界线

allocate /5AlEukeit/ to divide and give as shares;to assign sth

(to sb/sth)for a special purpose vt. 分派，分配

whichever /(h)witF5evE/ no matter which;the person or thing

which pron. 无论哪一个，任何

darling /5dB:liN/ or thing much liked or loved

loved n. 心爱的人 adj. 亲爱的，可爱的

adore /E5dC:/ to love deeply and respect highly vt. 崇拜，爱慕，喜爱

pray /prei/ to speak to God showing love, giving thanks or

asking for sth;to wish or hope very strongly vt. 祈祷，恳求，请

care for to take care of 关怀，照顾，计较

majesty /5mAdVisti/ show of power,as of a king or

queen;greatness. (Your Majesty) title for addressing or speaking

to a king or queen n. 最高权威，王权，雄伟（Your Majesty)（称呼）陛下

lord /lC:d/ man who rules people;nobleman of high rank n.

封建领主，地主，统治者，(Lord) God （宗）上帝

bridegroom /5braId^ru:m/ man about to be married or just

married n. 新郎

distribute /dis5tribju(:)t/ to separate sth into parts and give a

share to each person or thing;to divide among several or many

vt. 分发，分配

troop /tru:p/ large group n. 群，组 (pl)soldiers 军队

contradict /kCntrE5dikt/ to declare (a person,opinion,etc) to

be wrong;to be contrary to (sth) vt. 同……矛盾或抵触，反驳

hear out to listen till the sb's speech 听完

on behalf of as the representative of sb;in the interests of sb

代表……

flattery /5flAtEri/ insincere praise n. 奉承，恭维话

flatter /5flAtE/ to praise sb too much or insincerely in order

to gain favour for oneself vt. 过分夸赞，奉承，恭维

beyond question that cannot be questioned 无可争辩，毫无疑问

speak out /5spi:k7aJt/ to say boldly and clearly what one

thinks (against sth) 大胆地说，大声地

friction /5frikFEn/ rubbing of one surface or thing against

another;disagreement or conflict between people or parties with

different views n. 摩擦，矛盾，冲突

forecast /5fC:kB:st/ tell in advance what is going to

happen;to predict with the help of information ent of

future events based on knowledge,imformation or judgement vt.

预报，预测n. 预测，预报

oppose /E5pEuz/ to be or act against;to express strong

disagreement with vt. 反对，反抗，抵制

pack up to put (one's possessions)into cases,etc before

leaving a place 把……打包，整理

frontier /5frQntjE/ border between two countries n. 国界，边疆，边境

give away to give sth free of charge;to loose carelessly 送掉，泄露

fond /fCnd/ kind and loving;foolishly loving adj. 喜爱的，慈爱的，宠爱的，溺爱的

be fond of to have a great liking for sb/(doing)sth 喜爱，爱好

deceitful /dI5si:tfJl/ dishonest adj. 欺诈的，不诚实的

corrupt /kE5rQpt/ immoral;wicked;bad;dishonest,esp

accepting bribes adj. 腐败的，贪污的，堕落的

greedy /5^ri:di/ in great need or with a great desire for

food,wealth,power,etc adj. 贪婪的

greed /^ri:d/ wanting more food,money,etc than one needs

n. 贪婪

innocent /5inEsnt/ not guilty;harmless;knowing nothing of

evil or wrong adj. 天真的，无罪的，清白的

cunning /5kQniN/ clever at deceiving people adj. 善于骗人的，狡猾的

storage /5stCridV/ collecting and keeping sth for future

use;place for storing goods n. 贮藏，存储，储藏室

author /5C:WE/ writer of a book n. 作家

sacrifice /5sAkrifais/ offering to God,esp of an animal by

killing it in a ceremony;loss or giving up sth of value,esp for a

particular purpose n. 牺牲，献身，祭品△Srtratford-on-Avon埃文河畔斯特拉特福镇（莎翁故乡）

Latin /5lAtin/ (of) language of the ancient n. 拉丁文，拉丁语

adj. 拉丁文的，拉丁语的

make a name to become famous 出名

allergic /E5lE:dVik/ being unusually sensitive to sth

eaten,breathed in or touched adj. 过敏的

sneeze /sni:z/ uncontrolled burst of air out of the

nose or mouth make a sneeze n. 喷嚏， vi. 打喷嚏

armchair /5B:mtFZE/ chair with supports for the arms n. 手扶椅，（单座）沙发

confirm /kEn5fE:m/ to make certain vt. 确定

rewind /ri:5waind/ to make a tape go backwards vt. 重绕，倒回

cash /kAF/ in coins or notes exchange sth foe

cash n. 现金 vt. 兑现

cheque /tFek/ printed piece of paper that one can sign and

use instead of money to pay for things n. 支票

signature /5si^nitFE/ person's name written by himself n. 签名，信号，署名

terminal /5tE:minl/ building at an airport or the end of a

railway line,bus route,etc n. 终点站，航空集散站

vacant /5veikEnt/ empty;not being used or lived in adj. 空的，空缺的

dusty /5dQsti/ covered or filled with dust adj. 满是灰尘的，积满灰尘的

△Burgundy /5bE:^Endi/ 勃艮第

respond /ris5pCnd/ to answer;to react vi. 回答，响应，做出反应.

△Oswald /5CzwEld/ 奥斯瓦尔德

staff /stB:f/ people who work for an organization n. 职工，员工

△Caius凯厄斯

suspect /sEs5pekt/ to feel doubt about sth vt. 怀疑

insult /5insQlt/ or action which hurts the feelings

or dignity of sb do sth to offend sb n. 侮辱，凌辱vt.侮辱，凌辱

scold /skEuld/ to speak in an angry and complaining way to

sb,esp to blame him/her vt. 责骂，斥责

drunken /5drQNkEn/ drunk;who gets drunk regularly adj. 醉的，常醉的

scratch /skrAtF/ to rub or cut with nail n.&vi. 抓，挠，刮

baggage /5bA^idV/ (=luggage in BrE)all the bags and other

containers with which a person travels n.（=luggage in BrE）行李

demand /di5mB:nd/ ask for sth as if one has a right

/doc/nd;claim;act of demanding vt. 要求，需要n.要求；需求，需要

prop /prCp/ small objects used by actors in a play or film n.

（小）道具

选修10unit3

civil /5sivl/ of the citizens of a country adj. 公民的，国民的

trolleybus bus powered by electricity from a pair of wires

above it n. 无轨电车

register /5redVistE/ n.a record or list vt. to enter one's name

on list n. 登记 vt. 登记，注册

△Maryann Jones玛丽安.琼斯

△Montgomery /mEnt5^QmEri/ 蒙哥马利（城市名）

△Martin Luther King,Jr马丁.路德.金

boycott /5bCikEt/ refusing to buy sth or use sth as a way of

protesting n. 抵制，排斥

prohibit /prE5hibit/ to forbid sb/sth from doing sth by

laws,rules or regulations vt. 禁止，阻止

offence /E5fens/ breaking of a rule or law；illegal act；crime

n. 冒犯，违法行为

unjust /5Qn5dVQst/ not just;not fair or deserved adj. 不公平的，不公正的

separation /sepE5reiFEn/ breaking or coming apart;division

n. 分离，分开

tradition /trE5diFEn/ passing of beliefs,customs,etc from one

generation to the next；belief,custom,etc passed down n. 传统，分开

submit /sEb5mit/ to be forced to obey sb vi.&vt. 服从，顺从

unwilling /5Qn5wiliN/ not willing;reluctant adj. 不愿意的，勉强的

seize /si:z/ to take hold of sth suddenly or violently;to take

control of a place quickly vt. 抓取，逮住，夺取

seize on to take and use eagerly 抓住；利用

collision /kE5liVEn/ (instance of)one object or person striking

against another;conflict;opposition n. 碰撞，冲突

collision course course or action that is certain to lead to a

collision with sb/sth 冲突（的进程或行动）

hopeful /5hEupful/ having hope adj. 怀有希望的，有希望的

negotiate /ni5^EuFieit/ to try to reach agreement by

discussion vt.&vi. 商议，谈判，磋商

chaos /5 keiCs/ state of complete disorder and confusion n.

混乱

△Serena /sE`ri:nE/ 赛丽娜

sandal /5sAndl/ light shoe made of a flat bottom and bands

to hold it on the foot n.凉鞋

punctual /5pQNktjuEl/ doing things at the exact or agreed

time adj. 守时的，准时的

coincidence /kEu5insidEns/ an unexpected situation in which

two similar events happen at the same time by chance n. 巧合

pedestrian /pe5destriEn/ person walking in the street n. 步行者

march /mB:tF/ to walk with a regular,esp forceful step like a

soldier;advance vi. 进军，前进

pavement /5peivmEnt/ path with a paved surface at the side

of a road for people to walk on n. 人行道，公路

salute /sE5lu:t, -5lju:t/ to greet(sb);to greet,esp with polite

words or with a sign vt.&vi. 行礼致敬，敬礼

abuse /E5bju:z/ ,cruel or rude words;wrong or bad

use of sth vt. to use power for the wrong purpose;to treat

someone in a cruel and violent way;to say offensive things to

someone n. 滥用，虐待，辱骂 vt. 滥用，虐待，辱骂

hostility /hCs5tiliti/ state of being unfriendly n. 敌意，恶意

resolve /ri5zClv/ one has decided to do;resolution vt.

to decide firmly;to determine n. 决心，v.决心，决定

prayer /prZE/ solemn request to God or to an object of

worship n. 祈祷

bomb /bCm/ metal container filled with explosive

chemicals,made to explode when dropped or thrown vt. to attack

with bombs;drop bombs on n. 炸弹，vt. 投弹于，轰炸

supreme /sju:5pri:m/ highest in authority,rank,position or

degree adj. 最高的，极度的

nationwide /`neIFEnwaId/ happening,existing,etc over a

whole country adj. 全国性的，全国的

constitution /7kCnsti5tju:FEn/ (system) of laws and principles

according to which a country is governed n. 宪法

constitutional /7kCnsti5tju:FEnEl/ of a constitution adj. 宪法的

fundamental /7fQndE5mentl/ basic;essential adj. 基础的，基本的

battle /5bAtl/ fight;struggle n. 战争，战役

happiness /5hApinis/ state of being happy n. 幸福，快乐

liberty /5libEti/ freedom n. 自由

skim /skim/ to read quickly to get the main ideas vt. 浏览，轻轻掠过

evident /5evidEnt/ obvious (to the eye or mind);clear n. 明显的，显然的

self-evident /5self5evidEnt/ plainly true without need of

proof;obvious 不证自明的，不言而喻的

brief /bri:f/ short,esp in time adj. 简短的，短暂的

discrimination /dis7krimi5neiFEn/ treating one particular

group in society in an unfair way n. 歧视

philosophy /fi5lCsEfi/ study of the nature and meaning of

existence;reality,knowledge,goodness,etc;rules for living one's

life and doing one's job,etc n. 哲学，人生观

△Scout斯考特

△Atticus阿提斯库

△Jem杰姆

△Arthur /5B:WE/ 亚瑟

commit /kE5mit/ to do sth illegal or wrong vt. 犯罪，做（不合法的或错事）

△Walter Cunningham沃尔特.坎宁安

△Caroline /5kArElaIN/ 卡罗琳

live out to experience;to do sth that you have planned 活过；实践

creed /kri:d/ system of beliefs or opinions,esp religious

beliefs n.信条

brotherhood /5brQTEhud/ quality or state of being brother

n. 手足情谊，兄弟关系

oasis /Eu5eisis/ place with water and trees in a desert;place

which is pleasant n. （沙漠中）绿洲，舒适的地方

△Alabama /7AlE5bAmE/ 阿拉巴马州（美国的一个州）

symphony /5simfEni/ long complex musical work for a large

group of instruments (orchestra) usually in three or four parts

(movements) n. 交响乐，交响曲

△Jew /dVu:/ n. 犹太人；犹太教徒

△Gentile n. 非犹太人，异教徒

△Protestant /5prCtistEnt/ n. 新教，新教徒

Catholic /5kAWElik/ n. 天主教徒

Negro /5ni:^rEu/ (old fashioned) member of the black-skinned race of mankind that originated in Africa n. [过时] 黑人

almighty /C:l5maiti/ having all power;powerful beyond

measure adj. 全能的，有无限权力的

quotation /kwEu5teiFEn/ sentence or phrase from a

book,speech,etc and repeated in writing or speech because it is

interesting or useful;act of quoting n. 引语，引文，语录，引用

metaphor /5metEfE/ way of describing sth by referring to sth

else which is the same in a particular way n. 隐喻，暗喻

simile /5simili/ way of describing sb or sth being similar to

sb or sth else 明喻

△Ewell /5ju(:)El/ 尤厄尔

△Mayella梅耶拉

dominate /5dCmineit/ to have control of or a very strong

influence on (people,events,etc);to have the most important

place or position vt. vi.支配，占优势

选修10unit4

efficient /i5fiFEnt/ working well and without waste adj. 有效地，效率高的

efficiently /I5fIFEntlI/ adv. 有效率地，效率高地

centigrade /5senti^reid/ (also Celsius) scale of temperature

in which water freezes at 0°and boils at 100° adj.摄氏温度的

diameter /dai5AmitE/ straight line from one side of a circle

to the other side,passing through the centre n. 直径

recipe /5resipi/ set of instruction for cooking a dish n. 菜谱

booklet /5buklit/ small thin book,usually with a paper cover

n. 小册子

endeavour /in5devE/ attempt or effort n. 尽力，竭力

competent /5kCmpitEnt/ having the ability or skill to do what

is needed adj. 有能力的，能胜任的

up to be left to sb to decide 取决于

caption /5kApFEn/ short title or heading in an article or

magazine,etc;words printed with an illustration or a

photograph,etc n. 标题，说明，字幕

digest /di5dVest; dai5dVest/ to change food that you have

just eaten into substances that your body can use vt. 消化

beneath /bi5ni:W/ below;directly under adv.&prep. 在……之下

adopt /E5dCpt/ to take and use one's own;to take sb into

one's family,esp as one's child vt. 采用，收养

preview /5pri:5vju:/ to prepare lessons before class vt. 预习，事先查看

frequent /5fri:kwEnt/ happening often adj. 时常发生的，经常地

in detail discussing all facts or items fully 详细地

manual /5mAnjuEl/ book containing information or practical

instruction (on a given subject) n. 手册，指南

New Zealand /nju: 5zi:lEnd/ n. 新西兰

assess /E5ses/ to judge the quality or worth of;to evaluate vt.

评定，评估

consult /kEn5sQlt/ to go to (a person,book,etc) for

information,advice,etc vt. 请教，咨询

underneath /7QndE5ni:W/ below;beneath adv.& prep. 在……的下面，在下面

shabby /5FAbi/ appearing poor because of most use or lack

of care adj. 破旧的，褴褛的

rainbow /5reinbEu/ arch containing the colours of the

spectrum,formed in the sky when the sun shines through rain or

spray n. 彩虹