英语单词的重音规则

七大特殊单词重音规则

1. 英语中派生词的重音和词根重音一致。 派生词就是一些有同样词根的词。比如： act, active, actively com'pare

com'parison

2. 带有下列后缀的词：-ary, -ery, -ory, -ism, -ist, -mony,

-ment, -ary等，重音通常在第一个音节上。例如：

customary scientist slavery factory realism

3. 带下列前缀的词：a-, ab-, ac-, ad-, al-, be-, con-, de-,

dis-, em-, en-, in-, mis-, re-, trans-, un-重音通常在第二音节上。例如： a'bout ab'duce ac'cede ad'mire

be'long con'sult de'tect dis'like

4. 带下列后缀的词：-aim, -ain, -cur, -eem, -duce, -ere,

-firm, -gn, -oin, -oke, -ose, -pt, -rce, -self, -ume重音通常在第二音节。 contain occur sincere design

confirm

5. 带下列后缀的词：-ade, -ain, -ee, -eer, -esque, -ette,

-ique, -ine, -oon重音通常在最后一个音节。这些词一般都是从法语中借来的词。例如： emplo'yee an'tique

maga'zine ci'gar volun'teer gaso'line

6. 带下列后缀的词：-eous, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ient, -ion,

-ious, -ish, -it, -liar, -sive, -tal, -uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。例如： oc'casion re'lation as'tonish de'posit

mu'sician

7. 但是有些派生词，比如从名词派生出来的形容词，它的重音就得发生变化，通常是后移。 例如： 'science scien'tific

'accident acci'dental 'democrat demo'cratic 'politics

po'litical

其实，英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。例如：有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上；而做动词时，重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的有：addict，accent，abstract，annex等。

可见，掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。

为了便于记忆和学习，现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳，并从理论上进行简要分析。

一、归类部分

．重音落在末音节的字母组合

①以-ee结尾，读音为/i:/的词汇：

appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree

drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee

guarantee indictee inductee

②以-act结尾，读音为/ækt/的词汇，多为动词：

contact contract detract distract exact enact intact

interact

③-air，-aire或-are结尾，读音为/eə/的：

affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware

prepare

④以-ade结尾，读音为/eid/的词汇：

arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade（exception：decade）

⑤以-ane结尾，读音为/ein/的词汇：

inane insane profane humane

⑥以-ceive结尾，读音为/si:v/的动词：

conceive deceive perceive receive

⑦以-duce结尾，读音为/dju:s/的词汇：

conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce

subduce traduceseduce

⑧以-ease结尾，读音为/i:z/或/i:s/的词汇：

appease decease decrease disease increase

predecease release sub-lease surcease

⑨以-een结尾，读音为/i:n/的名词：

colleen canteen preteen Salween shagreen thirteen

spalpeenvelevteen yestreen

⑩以-eer结尾，读音为/iə/的名词：

cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer

gadgeteer gazetter pamphleteer patrioteer

(11)以-ect结尾，读音为/ekt/的动词：

affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct

confect connect disinfect eject elect

(12)以-ede结尾，读音为/i:d/的动词：

accede antecede concede impede intercede precede

recede retrocede secede supercede

(13)以-end结尾，读音为/end/的动词：

attend amend commend comprehend contend

defend depend extend intend represend subtend

(14)以-el结尾，读音为/el/的词汇：

compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel（v．）

(15)以-ert结尾，读音为/ə:t/的词汇：

assert concert convert desert introvert subvert

(16)以-ese结尾，读/i:s/或/i:z/的词汇：

Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese

vietnamese

(17)以-clude结尾，读音为/klu:d/的动词：

conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude

(18)以-esce结尾，读音为/es/的词汇：

coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce

(19)以-ess结尾，读音为/es/的动词：

compress confess depress express impress profess

redress represssuppress transgress

若不是动词，以-ess结尾的词汇之重音位置不固定：

'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less

(20)以-est结尾，读音为/est/的动词：

adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest

(21)以-ette结尾，读音为/et/的词汇：

cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette

forssette frisettegazette grisette

(22)以-form结尾，读音为/fɔ:m/的动词：

conform perform reform transform（但uniform是名词）

(23)以-ict结尾，读音为/ikt/的动词：

afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict

restric

(24)以-ide结尾，读音为/aid/的词汇：

aside astride beside confide divide provide reside

subside

(25)以-ign结尾，读音为/ain/的动词：

assign condign design consign resign

(26)以-ire结尾，读音为/aiə/的动词：

conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire

require respire

(27)以-lapse结尾，读音为/læps/的词汇：

collapse prolapse relapse

(28)以-mit结尾，读音为/mit/的词汇：

admit commit demit emit intermit omit permit

pretermit remit submit transmit

（若是名词，重音落在首音节，如：'limit 'summit 'vomit）

(29)以-ort结尾，读音为/ɔ:t/的动词：

disport distort escort export import report retort

support trans-port

（若是名词，重音多落在首音节：escort export import

bistort purport等。）

(30)以-ore结尾，读音为/ɔ:/的词汇：

afore before deplore explore restore

(31)以-pose结尾，读音为/pəuz/、/pəus/的动词：

depose decompose expose impose interpose

oppose indispose predis-pose propose suppose

(32)以-scribe结尾，读音为/skraib/的词汇：

conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe

transcribe

(33)以-scend结尾，读音为/send/的词汇：

ascend condescend descend transcend

(34)以-oon结尾，读音为/u:n/的词汇：

afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon

decocoon dragoon festoon galloon octoroon

pocaroon（exception：forenoon）

(35)以-que结尾，读音为/k/的词汇：

antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque

cacique critique grotesque Japanesque mystique

(36)以-r结尾，现在分词和过去分词均要双写r（-red，-ring）：

demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer

transfer

(37)以-uct结尾，读音为/ʌkt/的词汇：

conduct construct deduct instruct obstruct product

(38)以-ult结尾，读音为/ʌlt/的词汇：

consult exult insult occult midcult result

(39)以-ume结尾，读音为/ju:m/的词汇：

assume consume perfume presume subsume

(40)以-use结尾，读音为/ju:s/或/ju:z/的词汇：

accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse

transfuse

(41)以-ure结尾，读音为/juə/ (其中-sure读音为/ʃuə/ 、-ture读音为/tʃuə/)的词汇：

accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature

obscure per-dure procure secure（exceptions：'epicure 'manicure）

2．重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合：

①以-ial结尾，读音为/ʃəl/、/iəl/或/jəl/的词汇：

/ʃəl/：confidential existential impartial inferential

influential initial prejudicial sacrificial substantial

/iəl/：authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial

material mercurial ministerial motorial pictorial

prefatorial tectorial visitorial bicentennial colonial

/jəl/：antimonial

②以-ian结尾，读音为/ʃən/、/iən/、/jən/的词汇：

/ʃən/：academician arithmetician acoustician

electrician Eurasian Lin-guistician musician Persian

politician practician

/iən/、/jən/：Cantabrigian collegian Colombian

historian rosarian salu-tatorian subclavian

③以-ia结尾，读音为/iə/、/jə/、/ʒə/的词汇：

国名、地名：Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia

Mauritania Roma-nia

医学：abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia

aerophobia bilharzia insomnia

其他：academia acedia cryptomeria razzia

encyclopedia

④以-ic结尾，读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇：

atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic

climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic

⑤以-ior结尾，读音为/iə/的词汇，形容词居多：

inferior junior posterior prior senior superior

ulterior

⑥以-it结尾，读音为/it/的词汇：

cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit

deposit explicit dispirit disinherit inspirit inherit

inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit

⑦以-scence（n．）或-scent（adj）结尾：

acescence

convalescence

acquiescence

evanescence

deliquescence

obso-lescence

reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent

pubescent re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent

suffrutescent

⑧以-ion或-sion结尾：

accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision

impression

invitation

3．重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合：

①以-fy结尾，读音为/fai/的动词：

acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify

qualify modify prettify simplify transmogrify

②以-ical结尾，读音为/ik(ə)l/的词汇：

academical chemical electrical political periodical

encyclical teleologi-cal inimical theoretical

persua-sion excitation suggestion

technological

③以-icide结尾，读音为/isaid/的词汇：

suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide

herbicide infanticide liberticide uxoricide

④以-itude结尾，读音为/itju:d/的词汇：

attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude

platitude

⑤以-ity结尾，读音为/iti/的词汇：

ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity

personality possibility sensitivity simplicity

speciality utility vanity whimsicality

⑥以-graph或-phy结尾，读音为/grəf/或/fi/的词汇：

aerography bibliography biography calligraphy

chirography geography lexicography photography

planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy

⑦以-ology结尾，读音为/ɔlədʒɪ/的词汇：

aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology

Egyptology

psychology

zoology

⑧以-otomy结尾，读音为/ɔtəmi/的词汇：

neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy

⑨以-ular结尾，读音为/julə/的词汇：

biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar

ocular orbicular popular particular secular regular

lexicology technology

teleology

pestology

theology testaceology

triangular

4．词汇加了前缀后的重读位置

①重读落在第一音节的词汇，加前缀后，重读位置不变：

'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate

'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical

'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant

②重读落在第二音节的词汇，加前缀后，原重读位置不受影响，但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读：

pro'duce—'repro'duce

'graduate—'post'graduate

'national—'inter'national

im'pressionism—'neo-imp'ressionism

（the only exception：'finite—'infinie）