Oracle的C模板,Oracle19c官方文档系列-《DatabaseAdministr。。。_百

1.2.6 Task 6: Enroll System Users 1-71.2.7 Task 7: Implement the Database Design 1-71.2.8 Task 8: Back Up the Fully Functional Database 1-71.2.9 Task 9: Tune Database Performance 1-71.2.10 Task 10: Download and Install Release Updates and Release UpdateRevisions 1-81.2.11 Task 11: Roll Out to Additional Hosts 1-81.3 SQL Statements 1-91.3.1 Submitting Commands and SQL to the Database 1-91.3.2 About SQL*Plus 1-101.3.3 Connecting to the Database with SQL*Plus 1-101.3.3.1 About Connecting to the Database with SQL*Plus 1-111.3.3.2 Step 1: Open a Command Window 1-111.3.3.3 Step 2: Set Operating System Environment Variables 1-111.3.3.4 Step 3: Start SQL*Plus 1-121.3.3.5 Step 4: Submit the SQL*Plus CONNECT Command 1-121.4 Identifying Your Oracle Database Software Release 1-171.4.1 About Oracle Database Release Numbers 1-171.4.2 Checking Your Current Release Number 1-191.5 About Database Administrator Security and Privileges 1-191.5.1 The Database Administrator's Operating System Account 1-201.5.2 Administrative User Accounts 1-201.5.2.1 About Administrative User Accounts 1-211.5.2.2 SYS 1-211.5.2.3 SYSTEM 1-221.5.2.4 SYSBACKUP, SYSDG, SYSKM, and SYSRAC 1-221.5.2.5 The DBA Role 1-231.6 Database Administrator Authentication 1-231.6.1 Administrative Privileges 1-241.6.2 Operations Authorized by Administrative Privileges 1-251.6.3 Authentication Methods for Database Administrators 1-271.6.3.1 About Authentication Methods for Database Administrators 1-271.6.3.2 Nonsecure Remote Connections 1-291.6.3.3 Local Connections and Secure Remote Connections 1-29

1.6.4 Using Operating System Authentication 1-301.6.4.1 Operating System Groups 1-301.6.4.2 Preparing to Use Operating System Authentication 1-321.6.4.3 Connecting Using Operating System Authentication 1-321.6.5 Using Password File Authentication 1-331.6.5.1 Preparing to Use Password File Authentication 1-331.6.5.2 Connecting Using Password File Authentication 1-35iv1.7 Creating and Maintaining a Database Password File 1-361.7.1 ORAPWD Syntax and Command Line Argument Descriptions 1-361.7.2 Creating a Database Password File with ORAPWD 1-431.7.3 Sharing and Disabling the Database Password File 1-441.7.4 Keeping Administrator Passwords Synchronized with the DataDictionary 1-451.7.5 Adding Users to a Database Password File 1-461.7.6 Granting and Revoking Administrative Privileges 1-471.7.7 Viewing Database Password File Members 1-481.7.8 Removing a Database Password File 1-481.8 Data Utilities 1-492 Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database2.1 About Creating an Oracle Database 2-22.2 Considerations Before Creating the Database 2-32.2.1 Planning for Database Creation 2-32.2.2 About Selecting a Character Set 2-52.2.3 About Configuring an Oracle Home in Read-Only Mode 2-62.2.4 Prerequisites for Database Creation 2-72.3 Creating a Database with DBCA 2-72.3.1 About Creating a Database with DBCA 2-82.3.2 About Creating a Database with Interactive DBCA 2-82.3.3 About Creating a Database with Noninteractive/Silent DBCA 2-82.4 Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement 2-82.4.1 About Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement 2-102.4.2 Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID) 2-112.4.3 Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set 2-12

2.4.4 Step 3: Choose a Database Administrator Authentication Method 2-122.4.5 Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File 2-132.4.6 Step 5: (Windows Only) Create an Instance 2-142.4.7 Step 6: Connect to the Instance 2-142.4.8 Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File 2-152.4.9 Step 8: Start the Instance 2-162.4.10 Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement 2-172.4.11 Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces 2-202.4.12 Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views 2-212.4.13 Step 12: (Optional) Run Scripts to Install Additional Options 2-222.4.14 Step 13: Back Up the Database 2-222.4.15 Step 14: (Optional) Enable Automatic Instance Startup 2-232.5 Specifying CREATE DATABASE Statement Clauses 2-232.5.1 About CREATE DATABASE Statement Clauses 2-24v2.5.2 Protecting Your Database: Specifying Passwords for SYS and SYSTEMUsers 2-242.5.3 Creating a Locally Managed SYSTEM Tablespace 2-252.5.4 Specify Data File Attributes for the SYSAUX Tablespace 2-262.5.4.1 About the SYSAUX Tablespace 2-262.5.5 Using Automatic Undo Management: Creating an Undo Tablespace 2-272.5.6 Creating a Default Permanent Tablespace 2-272.5.7 Creating a Default Temporary Tablespace 2-282.5.8 Specifying Oracle Managed Files at Database Creation 2-292.5.9 Supporting Bigfile Tablespaces During Database Creation 2-302.5.9.1 Specifying the Default Tablespace Type 2-312.5.9.2 Overriding the Default Tablespace Type 2-312.5.10 Specifying the Database Time Zone and Time Zone File 2-322.5.10.1 Setting the Database Time Zone 2-322.5.10.2 About the Database Time Zone Files 2-322.5.10.3 Specifying the Database Time Zone File 2-332.5.11 Specifying FORCE LOGGING Mode 2-332.5.11.1 Using the FORCE LOGGING Clause 2-342.5.11.2 Performance Considerations of FORCE LOGGING Mode 2-34

2.6 Specifying Initialization Parameters 2-352.6.1 About Initialization Parameters and Initialization Parameter Files 2-362.6.1.1 Sample Initialization Parameter File 2-372.6.1.2 Text Initialization Parameter File Format 2-382.6.2 Determining the Global Database Name 2-392.6.2.1 DB_NAME Initialization Parameter 2-392.6.2.2 DB_DOMAIN Initialization Parameter 2-402.6.3 Specifying a Fast Recovery Area 2-402.6.4 Specifying Control Files 2-412.6.5 Specifying Database Block Sizes 2-412.6.5.1 DB_BLOCK_SIZE Initialization Parameter 2-422.6.5.2 Nonstandard Block Sizes 2-422.6.6 Specifying the Maximum Number of Processes 2-432.6.7 Specifying the DDL Lock Timeout 2-432.6.8 Specifying the Method of Undo Space Management 2-442.6.8.1 UNDO_MANAGEMENT Initialization Parameter 2-452.6.8.2 UNDO_TABLESPACE Initialization Parameter 2-452.6.9 Specifying the Database Compatibility Level 2-452.6.9.1 About the COMPATIBLE Initialization Parameter 2-462.6.10 Setting the License Parameter 2-472.7 Managing Initialization Parameters Using a Server Parameter File 2-472.7.1 What Is a Server Parameter File? 2-48vi2.7.2 Migrating to a Server Parameter File 2-492.7.3 Server Parameter File Default Names and Locations 2-502.7.4 Creating a Server Parameter File 2-512.7.5 The SPFILE Initialization Parameter 2-512.7.6 Changing Initialization Parameter Values 2-522.7.6.1 About Changing Initialization Parameter Values 2-522.7.6.2 Setting or Changing Initialization Parameter Values 2-522.7.7 Clearing Initialization Parameter Values 2-542.7.8 Exporting the Server Parameter File 2-552.7.9 Backing Up the Server Parameter File 2-562.7.10 Recovering a Lost or Damaged Server Parameter File 2-56

2.7.11 Methods for Viewing Parameter Settings 2-572.8 Managing Application Workloads with Database Services 2-582.8.1 Database Services 2-582.8.1.1 About Database Services 2-592.8.1.2 Database Services and Performance 2-602.8.1.3 Oracle Database Features That Use Database Services 2-602.8.1.4 Creating Database Services 2-612.8.2 Global Data Services 2-622.8.3 Database Service Data Dictionary Views 2-632.9 Considerations After Creating a Database 2-632.9.1 Database Security 2-642.9.2 Transparent Data Encryption 2-652.9.3 A Secure External Password Store 2-662.9.4 Transaction Guard and Application Continuity 2-662.9.5 File System Server Support in the Database 2-672.9.6 The Oracle Database Sample Schemas 2-682.10 Cloning a Database 2-682.10.1 Cloning a Database with CloneDB in a Non-multitenant Environment 2-692.10.1.1 About Cloning a Database with CloneDB 2-692.10.1.2 Cloning a Database with CloneDB 2-702.10.1.3 After Cloning a Database with CloneDB 2-752.10.2 Cloning a Database in a Multitenant Environment 2-752.10.3 Cloning a Database with Oracle Automatic Storage Management(Oracle ASM) 2-762.11 Dropping a Database 2-762.12 Database Data Dictionary Views 2-762.13 Database Configuration Assistant Command Reference for Silent Mode 2-772.13.1 DBCA Command-Line Syntax Overview 2-772.13.2 About DBCA Templates 2-792.13.3 Database User Authentication in DBCA Commands Using OracleWallet 2-79vii2.13.4 DBCA Silent Mode Commands 2-812.13.4.1 createDatabase 2-82

2.13.4.2 createDuplicateDB 2-892.13.4.3 configureDatabase 2-932.13.4.4 createTemplateFromDB 2-972.13.4.5 createTemplateFromTemplate 2-982.13.4.6 createCloneTemplate 2-1012.13.4.7 deleteTemplate 2-1022.13.4.8 generateScripts 2-1032.13.4.9 deleteDatabase 2-1102.13.4.10 createPluggableDatabase 2-1122.13.4.11 unplugDatabase 2-1172.13.4.12 deletePluggableDatabase 2-1192.13.4.13 relocatePDB 2-1192.13.4.14 configurePluggableDatabase 2-1202.13.4.15 addInstance 2-1232.13.4.16 deleteInstance 2-1242.13.4.17 executePrereqs 2-1252.13.5 DBCA Exit Codes 2-1263 Starting Up and Shutting Down3.1 Starting Up a Database 3-13.1.1 About Database Startup Options 3-23.1.1.1 Starting Up a Database Using SQL*Plus 3-33.1.1.2 Starting Up a Database Using Recovery Manager 3-33.1.1.3 Starting Up a Database Using Cloud Control 3-33.1.1.4 Starting Up a Database Using SRVCTL 3-33.1.2 Specifying Initialization Parameters at Startup 3-43.1.2.1 About Initialization Parameter Files and Startup 3-43.1.2.2 Starting Up with SQL*Plus with a Nondefault Server ParameterFile 3-63.1.2.3 Starting Up with SRVCTL with a Nondefault Server ParameterFile 3-63.1.3 About Automatic Startup of Database Services 3-73.1.4 Preparing to Start Up an Instance 3-73.1.5 Starting Up an Instance 3-83.1.5.1 About Starting Up an Instance 3-9

3.1.5.2 Starting an Instance, and Mounting and Opening a Database 3-103.1.5.3 Starting an Instance Without Mounting a Database 3-103.1.5.4 Starting an Instance and Mounting a Database 3-113.1.5.5 Restricting Access to an Instance at Startup 3-11viii3.1.5.6 Forcing an Instance to Start 3-123.1.5.7 Starting an Instance, Mounting a Database, and StartingComplete Media Recovery 3-133.1.5.8 Automatic Database Startup at Operating System Start 3-133.1.5.9 Starting Remote Instances 3-133.2 Altering Database Availability 3-133.2.1 Mounting a Database to an Instance 3-143.2.2 Opening a Closed Database 3-143.2.3 Opening a Database in Read-Only Mode 3-143.2.4 Restricting Access to an Open Database 3-163.3 Shutting Down a Database 3-163.3.1 About Shutting Down the Database 3-173.3.2 Shutting Down with the Normal Mode 3-173.3.3 Shutting Down with the Immediate Mode 3-183.3.4 Shutting Down with the Transactional Mode 3-183.3.5 Shutting Down with the Abort Mode 3-193.3.6 Shutdown Timeout 3-203.4 Quiescing a Database 3-203.4.1 About Quiescing a Database 3-203.4.2 Placing a Database into a Quiesced State 3-213.4.3 Restoring the System to Normal Operation 3-223.4.4 Viewing the Quiesce State of an Instance 3-233.5 Suspending and Resuming a Database 3-233.6 Delaying Instance Abort 3-244 Configuring Automatic Restart of an Oracle Database4.1 About Oracle Restart 4-14.1.1 Oracle Restart Overview 4-24.1.2 About Startup Dependencies 4-34.1.3 About Starting and Stopping Components with Oracle Restart 4-3

4.1.4 About Starting and Stopping Oracle Restart 4-44.1.5 Oracle Restart Configuration 4-44.1.6 Oracle Restart Integration with Oracle Data Guard 4-64.1.7 Fast Application Notification with Oracle Restart 4-74.1.7.1 Overview of Fast Application Notification 4-74.1.7.2 Application High Availability with Services and FAN 4-84.2 Configuring Oracle Restart 4-124.2.1 About Configuring Oracle Restart 4-134.2.2 Preparing to Run SRVCTL 4-144.2.3 Obtaining Help for SRVCTL 4-154.2.4 Adding Components to the Oracle Restart Configuration 4-15ix4.2.5 Removing Components from the Oracle Restart Configuration 4-174.2.6 Disabling and Enabling Oracle Restart Management for a Component 4-184.2.7 Viewing Component Status 4-194.2.8 Viewing the Oracle Restart Configuration for a Component 4-194.2.9 Modifying the Oracle Restart Configuration for a Component 4-204.2.10 Managing Environment Variables in the Oracle Restart Configuration 4-214.2.10.1 About Environment Variables in the Oracle Restart Configuration 4-214.2.10.2 Setting and Unsetting Environment Variables 4-224.2.10.3 Viewing Environment Variables 4-224.2.11 Creating and Deleting Database Services with SRVCTL 4-234.2.12 Enabling FAN Events in an Oracle Restart Environment 4-244.2.13 Automating the Failover of Connections Between Primary and StandbyDatabases 4-254.2.14 Enabling Clients for Fast Connection Failover 4-264.2.14.1 About Enabling Clients for Fast Connection Failover 4-264.2.14.2 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for JDBC Clients 4-274.2.14.3 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for Oracle Call InterfaceClients 4-284.2.14.4 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for Clients 4-294.3 Starting and Stopping Components Managed by Oracle Restart 4-304.4 Stopping and Restarting Oracle Restart for Maintenance Operations 4-334.5 SRVCTL Command Reference for Oracle Restart 4-34

4.5.1 add 4-374.5.1.1 srvctl add asm 4-384.5.1.2 srvctl add database 4-394.5.1.3 srvctl add listener 4-414.5.1.4 srvctl add ons 4-424.5.1.5 srvctl add service 4-434.5.2 config 4-474.5.2.1 srvctl config asm 4-484.5.2.2 srvctl config database 4-484.5.2.3 srvctl config listener 4-494.5.2.4 srvctl config ons 4-504.5.2.5 srvctl config service 4-504.5.3 disable 4-514.5.3.1 srvctl disable asm 4-524.5.3.2 srvctl disable database 4-524.5.3.3 srvctl disable diskgroup 4-534.5.3.4 srvctl disable listener 4-534.5.3.5 srvctl disable ons 4-544.5.3.6 srvctl disable service 4-544.5.4 downgrade 4-55x4.5.4.1 srvctl downgrade database 4-554.5.5 enable 4-554.5.5.1 srvctl enable asm 4-564.5.5.2 srvctl enable database 4-564.5.5.3 srvctl enable diskgroup 4-574.5.5.4 srvctl enable listener 4-574.5.5.5 srvctl enable ons 4-584.5.5.6 srvctl enable service 4-584.5.6 getenv 4-594.5.6.1 srvctl getenv asm 4-594.5.6.2 srvctl getenv database 4-604.5.6.3 srvctl getenv listener 4-614.5.7 modify 4-61

4.5.7.1 srvctl modify asm 4-624.5.7.2 srvctl modify database 4-624.5.7.3 srvctl modify listener 4-634.5.7.4 srvctl modify ons 4-644.5.7.5 srvctl modify service 4-654.5.8 remove 4-694.5.8.1 srvctl remove asm 4-704.5.8.2 srvctl remove database 4-704.5.8.3 srvctl remove diskgroup 4-714.5.8.4 srvctl remove listener 4-724.5.8.5 srvctl remove ons 4-724.5.8.6 srvctl remove service 4-734.5.9 setenv 4-734.5.9.1 srvctl setenv asm 4-744.5.9.2 srvctl setenv database 4-754.5.9.3 srvctl setenv listener 4-754.5.10 start 4-764.5.10.1 srvctl start asm 4-774.5.10.2 srvctl start database 4-774.5.10.3 srvctl start diskgroup 4-784.5.10.4 srvctl start home 4-794.5.10.5 srvctl start listener 4-794.5.10.6 srvctl start ons 4-804.5.10.7 srvctl start service 4-804.5.11 status 4-814.5.11.1 srvctl status asm 4-824.5.11.2 srvctl status database 4-824.5.11.3 srvctl status diskgroup 4-83xi4.5.11.4 srvctl status home 4-844.5.11.5 srvctl status listener 4-844.5.11.6 srvctl status ons 4-854.5.11.7 srvctl status service 4-854.5.12 stop 4-86

4.5.12.1 srvctl stop asm 4-874.5.12.2 srvctl stop database 4-874.5.12.3 srvctl stop diskgroup 4-884.5.12.4 srvctl stop home 4-894.5.12.5 srvctl stop listener 4-904.5.12.6 srvctl stop ons 4-904.5.12.7 srvctl stop service 4-914.5.13 unsetenv 4-924.5.13.1 srvctl unsetenv asm 4-934.5.13.2 srvctl unsetenv database 4-934.5.13.3 srvctl unsetenv listener 4-944.5.14 update 4-944.5.14.1 srvctl update database 4-954.5.15 upgrade 4-954.5.15.1 srvctl upgrade database 4-954.6 CRSCTL Command Reference 4-964.6.1 check 4-974.6.2 config 4-974.6.3 disable 4-974.6.4 enable 4-974.6.5 start 4-974.6.6 stop 4-975 Managing Processes5.1 About Dedicated and Shared Server Processes 5-25.1.1 Dedicated Server Processes 5-25.1.2 Shared Server Processes 5-35.2 About Database Resident Connection Pooling 5-55.2.1 Comparing DRCP to Dedicated Server and Shared Server 5-75.3 About Proxy Resident Connection Pooling 5-85.4 Configuring Oracle Database for Shared Server 5-95.4.1 Initialization Parameters for Shared Server 5-105.4.2 Memory Management for Shared Server 5-105.4.3 Enabling Shared Server 5-105.4.3.1 About Determining a Value for SHARED_SERVERS 5-12

xii5.4.3.2 Decreasing the Number of Shared Server Processes 5-125.4.3.3 Limiting the Number of Shared Server Processes 5-135.4.3.4 Limiting the Number of Shared Server Sessions 5-135.4.3.5 Protecting Shared Memory 5-145.4.4 Configuring Dispatchers 5-145.4.4.1 DISPATCHERS Initialization Parameter Attributes 5-155.4.4.2 Determining the Number of Dispatchers 5-165.4.4.3 Setting the Initial Number of Dispatchers 5-175.4.4.4 Altering the Number of Dispatchers 5-185.4.4.5 Shutting Down Specific Dispatcher Processes 5-195.4.5 Disabling Shared Server 5-205.4.6 Shared Server Data Dictionary Views 5-205.5 Configuring Database Resident Connection Pooling 5-215.5.1 Enabling Database Resident Connection Pooling 5-225.5.2 Configuring the Connection Pool for Database Resident ConnectionPooling 5-235.5.2.1 Configuration Parameters for Database Resident ConnectionPooling 5-245.5.3 Data Dictionary Views for Database Resident Connection Pooling 5-265.5.4 Determining the States of Connections in the Connection Pool 5-265.6 About Oracle Database Background Processes 5-275.7 Managing Prespawned Processes 5-295.7.1 About Managing Prespawned Processes 5-295.7.2 Managing Pools for Prespawned Processes 5-295.8 Managing Processes for Parallel SQL Execution 5-315.8.1 About Parallel Execution Servers 5-315.8.2 Altering Parallel Execution for a Session 5-325.8.2.1 Disabling Parallel SQL Execution 5-335.8.2.2 Enabling Parallel SQL Execution 5-335.8.2.3 Forcing Parallel SQL Execution 5-335.9 Managing Processes for External Procedures 5-345.9.1 About External Procedures 5-345.9.2 DBA Tasks to Enable External Procedure Calls 5-34

5.10 Terminating Sessions 5-365.10.1 About Terminating Sessions 5-365.10.2 Identifying Which Session to Terminate 5-375.10.3 Terminating an Active Session 5-375.10.4 Terminating an Inactive Session 5-385.10.5 Cancelling a SQL Statement in a Session 5-395.11 Process and Session Data Dictionary Views 5-40xiii6 Managing Memory6.1 About Memory Management 6-26.2 Memory Architecture Overview 6-36.3 Using Automatic Memory Management 6-56.3.1 About Automatic Memory Management 6-56.3.2 Enabling Automatic Memory Management 6-66.3.3 Monitoring and Tuning Automatic Memory Management 6-96.4 Configuring Memory Manually 6-106.4.1 About Manual Memory Management 6-106.4.2 Using Automatic Shared Memory Management 6-116.4.2.1 About Automatic Shared Memory Management 6-126.4.2.2 Components and Granules in the SGA 6-126.4.2.3 Setting Maximum SGA Size 6-136.4.2.4 Setting SGA Target Size 6-136.4.2.5 Enabling Automatic Shared Memory Management 6-166.4.2.6 Setting Minimums for Automatically Sized SGA Components 6-186.4.2.7 Dynamic Modification of SGA_TARGET 6-186.4.2.8 Modifying Parameters for Automatically Sized Components 6-196.4.2.9 Modifying Parameters for Manually Sized Components 6-206.4.3 Using Manual Shared Memory Management 6-206.4.3.1 About Manual Shared Memory Management 6-216.4.3.2 Enabling Manual Shared Memory Management 6-216.4.3.3 Setting the Buffer Cache Initialization Parameters 6-226.4.3.4 Specifying the Shared Pool Size 6-246.4.3.5 Specifying the Large Pool Size 6-256.4.3.6 Specifying the Java Pool Size 6-25

6.4.3.7 Specifying the Streams Pool Size 6-266.4.3.8 Specifying the Result Cache Maximum Size 6-266.4.3.9 Specifying Miscellaneous SGA Initialization Parameters 6-276.4.4 Using Automatic PGA Memory Management 6-286.4.5 Using Manual PGA Memory Management 6-296.5 Using Force Full Database Caching Mode 6-306.5.1 About Force Full Database Caching Mode 6-306.5.2 Before Enabling Force Full Database Caching Mode 6-316.5.3 Enabling Force Full Database Caching Mode 6-326.5.4 Disabling Force Full Database Caching Mode 6-326.6 Configuring Database Smart Flash Cache 6-336.6.1 When to Configure Database Smart Flash Cache 6-336.6.2 Sizing Database Smart Flash Cache 6-346.6.3 Tuning Memory for Database Smart Flash Cache 6-34xiv6.6.4 Database Smart Flash Cache Initialization Parameters 6-356.6.5 Database Smart Flash Cache in an Oracle Real Applications ClustersEnvironment 6-366.7 Improving Query Performance with Oracle Database In-Memory 6-366.8 Enabling High Performance Data Streaming with the Memoptimized Rowstore 6-386.9 Memory Management Reference 6-396.9.1 Platforms That Support Automatic Memory Management 6-396.9.2 Memory Management Data Dictionary Views 6-397 Managing Users and Securing the Database7.1 The Importance of Establishing a Security Policy for Your Database 7-17.2 Managing Users and Resources 7-17.3 User Privileges and Roles 7-27.4 Auditing Database Activity 7-27.5 Predefined User Accounts 7-38 Monitoring the Database8.1 Monitoring Errors and Alerts 8-18.1.1 Monitoring Errors with Trace Files and the Alert Log 8-18.1.1.1 About Monitoring Errors with Trace Files and the Alert Log 8-28.1.1.2 Controlling the Size of an Alert Log 8-3

8.1.1.3 Controlling the Size of Trace Files 8-38.1.1.4 Controlling When Oracle Database Writes to Trace Files 8-58.1.1.5 Reading the Trace File for Shared Server Sessions 8-68.1.2 Monitoring a Database with Server-Generated Alerts 8-68.1.2.1 About Monitoring a Database with Server-Generated Alerts 8-68.1.2.2 Setting and Retrieving Thresholds for Server-Generated Alerts 8-78.1.2.3 Viewing Server-Generated Alerts 8-98.1.2.4 Server-Generated Alerts Data Dictionary Views 8-108.2 Monitoring Performance 8-108.2.1 Monitoring Locks 8-118.2.2 About Monitoring Wait Events 8-118.2.3 Performance Monitoring Data Dictionary Views 8-128.3 Monitoring Quarantined Objects 8-128.3.1 About Object Quarantine 8-138.3.2 Viewing Quarantined Objects 8-139 Diagnosing and Resolving Problems9.1 About the Oracle Database Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure 9-1xv9.1.1 Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure Overview 9-29.1.2 Incidents and Problems 9-39.1.2.1 About Incidents and Problems 9-49.1.2.2 Incident Flood Control 9-49.1.2.3 Related Problems Across the Topology 9-59.1.3 Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure Components 9-59.1.3.1 Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR) 9-69.1.3.2 Alert Log 9-79.1.3.3 Trace Files, Dumps, and Core Files 9-79.1.3.4 DDL Log 9-99.1.3.5 Debug Log 9-99.1.3.6 Other ADR Contents 9-109.1.3.7 Enterprise Manager Support Workbench 9-109.1.3.8 ADRCI Command-Line Utility 9-109.1.4 Structure, Contents, and Location of the Automatic DiagnosticRepository 9-10

9.2 About Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem 9-159.2.1 Roadmap — Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem 9-169.2.2 Task 1: View Critical Error Alerts in Cloud Control 9-179.2.3 Task 2: View Problem Details 9-199.2.4 Task 3: (Optional) Gather Additional Diagnostic Information 9-199.2.5 Task 4: (Optional) Create a Service Request 9-199.2.6 Task 5: Package and Upload Diagnostic Data to Oracle Support 9-209.2.7 Task 6: Track the Service Request and Implement Any Repairs 9-219.3 Diagnosing Problems 9-229.3.1 Identifying Problems Reactively 9-239.3.1.1 Viewing Problems with the Support Workbench 9-249.3.1.2 Adding Problems Manually to the Automatic DiagnosticRepository 9-259.3.1.3 Creating Incidents Manually 9-269.3.2 Identifying Problems Proactively with Health Monitor 9-279.3.2.1 About Health Monitor 9-279.3.2.2 Running Health Checks Manually 9-299.3.2.3 Viewing Checker Reports 9-319.3.2.4 Health Monitor Views 9-349.3.2.5 Health Check Parameters Reference 9-359.3.3 Gathering Additional Diagnostic Data 9-369.3.3.1 Viewing the Alert Log 9-369.3.3.2 Finding Trace Files 9-379.3.4 Creating Test Cases with SQL Test Case Builder 9-379.3.4.1 Purpose of SQL Test Case Builder 9-389.3.4.2 Concepts for SQL Test Case Builder 9-38xvi9.3.4.3 User Interfaces for SQL Test Case Builder 9-429.3.4.4 Running SQL Test Case Builder 9-459.4 Reporting Problems 9-479.4.1 Incident Packages 9-489.4.1.1 About Incident Packages 9-489.4.1.2 About Correlated Diagnostic Data in Incident Packages 9-499.4.1.3 About Quick Packaging and Custom Packaging 9-50

9.4.1.4 About Correlated Packages 9-519.4.2 Packaging and Uploading Problems with Custom Packaging 9-529.4.3 Viewing and Modifying Incident Packages 9-569.4.3.1 Viewing Package Details 9-579.4.3.2 Accessing the Customize Package Page 9-579.4.3.3 Editing Incident Package Files (Copying Out and In) 9-589.4.3.4 Adding an External File to an Incident Package 9-599.4.3.5 Removing Incident Package Files 9-599.4.3.6 Viewing and Updating the Incident Package Activity Log 9-609.4.4 Creating, Editing, and Uploading Correlated Packages 9-609.4.5 Deleting Correlated Packages 9-619.4.6 Setting Incident Packaging Preferences 9-629.5 Resolving Problems 9-639.5.1 Repairing SQL Failures with the SQL Repair Advisor 9-639.5.1.1 About the SQL Repair Advisor 9-649.5.1.2 Running the SQL Repair Advisor Using Cloud Control 9-649.5.1.3 Running the SQL Repair Advisor Using the DBMS_SQLDIAGPackage Subprograms 9-669.5.1.4 Viewing, Disabling, or Removing a SQL Patch Using CloudControl 9-689.5.1.5 Disabling or Removing a SQL Patch Using DBMS_SQLDIAGPackage Subprograms 9-689.5.1.6 Exporting and Importing a Patch Using DBMS_SQLDIAGPackage Subprograms 9-699.5.2 Repairing Data Corruptions with the Data Recovery Advisor 9-709.5.3 Quarantine for Execution Plans for SQL Statements ConsumingExcessive System Resources 9-719.5.3.1 About Quarantine for Execution Plans for SQL Statements 9-729.5.3.2 Creating a Quarantine Configuration for an Execution Plan of aSQL Statement 9-759.5.3.3 Specifying Quarantine Thresholds in a Quarantine Configuration 9-769.5.3.4 Enabling and Disabling a Quarantine Configuration 9-789.5.3.5 Viewing the Details of a Quarantine Configuration 9-789.5.3.6 Deleting a Quarantine Configuration 9-79

9.5.3.7 Viewing the Details of Quarantined Execution Plans of SQLStatements 9-80xvii9.5.3.8 Transferring Quarantine Configurations from One Database toAnother Database 9-809.5.3.9 Example: Quarantine for an Execution Plan of a SQL StatementConsuming Excessive System Resources 9-82Part II Oracle Database Structure and Storage10Managing Control Files10.1 What Is a Control File? 10-110.2 Guidelines for Control Files 10-210.2.1 Provide File Names for the Control Files 10-210.2.2 Multiplex Control Files on Different Disks 10-310.2.3 Back Up Control Files 10-310.2.4 Manage the Size of Control Files 10-410.3 Creating Control Files 10-410.3.1 Creating Initial Control Files 10-410.3.2 Creating Additional Copies, Renaming, and Relocating Control Files 10-510.3.3 Creating New Control Files 10-510.3.3.1 When to Create New Control Files 10-610.3.3.2 The CREATE CONTROLFILE Statement 10-610.3.3.3 Creating New Control Files 10-710.4 Troubleshooting After Creating Control Files 10-810.4.1 Checking for Missing or Extra Files 10-910.4.2 Handling Errors During CREATE CONTROLFILE 10-910.5 Backing Up Control Files 10-910.6 Recovering a Control File Using a Current Copy 10-1010.6.1 Recovering from Control File Corruption Using a Control File Copy 10-1010.6.2 Recovering from Permanent Media Failure Using a Control File Copy 10-1010.7 Dropping Control Files 10-1110.8 Control Files Data Dictionary Views 10-1111Managing the Redo Log

11.1 What Is the Redo Log? 11-211.1.1 Redo Threads 11-211.1.2 Redo Log Contents 11-211.1.3 How Oracle Database Writes to the Redo Log 11-311.1.3.1 Active (Current) and Inactive Redo Log Files 11-411.1.3.2 Log Switches and Log Sequence Numbers 11-511.2 Planning the Redo Log 11-5xviii11.2.1 Multiplexing Redo Log Files 11-611.2.1.1 Responding to Redo Log Failure 11-711.2.1.2 Legal and Illegal Configurations 11-811.2.2 Placing Redo Log Members on Different Disks 11-911.2.3 Planning the Size of Redo Log Files 11-1011.2.4 Planning the Block Size of Redo Log Files 11-1011.2.5 Choosing the Number of Redo Log Files 11-1111.2.6 Controlling Archive Lag 11-1211.2.6.1 Setting the ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET Initialization Parameter 11-1211.2.6.2 Factors Affecting the Setting of ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET 11-1311.3 Creating Redo Log Groups and Members 11-1411.3.1 Creating Redo Log Groups 11-1411.3.2 Creating Redo Log Members 11-1511.4 Relocating and Renaming Redo Log Members 11-1611.5 Dropping Redo Log Groups and Members 11-1711.5.1 Dropping Log Groups 11-1711.5.2 Dropping Redo Log Members 11-1811.6 Forcing Log Switches 11-1911.7 Verifying Blocks in Redo Log Files 11-1911.8 Clearing a Redo Log File 11-2011.9 Precedence of FORCE LOGGING Settings 11-2111.10 Redo Log Data Dictionary Views 11-2212Managing Archived Redo Log Files12.1 What Is the Archived Redo Log? 12-212.2 Choosing Between NOARCHIVELOG and ARCHIVELOG Mode 12-2

12.2.1 Running a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 12-312.2.2 Running a Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode 12-312.3 Controlling Archiving 12-412.3.1 Setting the Initial Database Archiving Mode 12-512.3.2 Changing the Database Archiving Mode 12-512.3.3 Performing Manual Archiving 12-612.3.4 Adjusting the Number of Archiver Processes 12-712.4 Specifying Archive Destinations 12-712.4.1 Setting Initialization Parameters for Archive Destinations 12-812.4.1.1 Method 1: Using the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Parameter 12-912.4.1.2 Method 2: Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST andLOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST 12-1012.4.2 Expanding Alternate Destinations with Log Archive Destination Groups 12-1112.4.2.1 About Log Archive Destination Groups 12-1212.4.2.2 Specifying Log Archive Destination Groups 12-13xix12.4.3 Understanding Archive Destination Status 12-1412.4.4 Specifying Alternate Destinations 12-1512.5 About Log Transmission Modes 12-1512.5.1 Normal Transmission Mode 12-1512.5.2 Standby Transmission Mode 12-1512.6 Managing Archive Destination Failure 12-1612.6.1 Specifying the Minimum Number of Successful Destinations 12-1612.6.1.1 Specifying Mandatory and Optional Destinations 12-1712.6.1.2 Specifying the Number of Successful Destinations: Scenarios 12-1712.6.2 Rearchiving to a Failed Destination 12-1912.7 Controlling Trace Output Generated by the Archivelog Process 12-1912.8 Viewing Information About the Archived Redo Log 12-2012.8.1 Archived Redo Log Files Views 12-2012.8.2 Using the ARCHIVE LOG LIST Command 12-2113Managing Tablespaces13.1 Guidelines for Managing Tablespaces 13-213.1.1 Use Multiple Tablespaces 13-2

13.1.2 Assign Tablespace Quotas to Users 13-313.2 Creating Tablespaces 13-313.2.1 About Creating Tablespaces 13-413.2.2 Locally Managed Tablespaces 13-513.2.2.1 About Locally Managed Tablespaces 13-513.2.2.2 Creating a Locally Managed Tablespace 13-613.2.2.3 Specifying Segment Space Management in Locally ManagedTablespaces 13-813.2.3 Bigfile Tablespaces 13-913.2.3.1 About Bigfile Tablespaces 13-913.2.3.2 Creating a Bigfile Tablespace 13-1013.2.3.3 Identifying a Bigfile Tablespace 13-1113.2.4 Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes 13-1113.2.4.1 About Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes 13-1113.2.4.2 Creating Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes 13-1113.2.5 Encrypted Tablespaces 13-1213.2.5.1 About Encrypted Tablespaces 13-1213.2.5.2 Creating Encrypted Tablespaces 13-1413.2.5.3 Viewing Information About Encrypted Tablespaces 13-1413.2.6 Temporary Tablespaces 13-1513.2.6.1 About Temporary Tablespaces 13-1513.2.6.2 Creating a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace 13-1713.2.6.3 Creating a Bigfile Temporary Tablespace 13-18xx13.2.6.4 Viewing Space Usage for Temporary Tablespaces 13-1813.2.7 Temporary Tablespace Groups 13-1913.2.7.1 Multiple Temporary Tablespaces: Using Tablespace Groups 13-1913.2.7.2 Creating a Tablespace Group 13-2013.2.7.3 Changing Members of a Tablespace Group 13-2013.2.7.4 Assigning a Tablespace Group as the Default TemporaryTablespace 13-2013.3 Consider Storing Tablespaces in the In-Memory Column Store 13-2113.4 Specifying Nonstandard Block Sizes for Tablespaces 13-2113.5 Controlling the Writing of Redo Records 13-22

13.6 Altering Tablespace Availability 13-2313.6.1 Taking Tablespaces Offline 13-2313.6.2 Bringing Tablespaces Online 13-2513.7 Using Read-Only Tablespaces 13-2513.7.1 About Read-Only Tablespaces 13-2613.7.2 Making a Tablespace Read-Only 13-2613.7.3 Making a Read-Only Tablespace Writable 13-2813.7.4 Creating a Read-Only Tablespace on a WORM Device 13-2913.7.5 Delaying the Opening of Data Files in Read-Only Tablespaces 13-2913.8 Altering and Maintaining Tablespaces 13-3013.8.1 Increasing the Size of a Tablespace 13-3013.8.2 Altering a Locally Managed Tablespace 13-3013.8.3 Altering a Bigfile Tablespace 13-3113.8.4 Altering a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace 13-3213.8.5 Shrinking a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace 13-3313.9 Renaming Tablespaces 13-3313.10 Dropping Tablespaces 13-3413.11 Managing Lost Write Protection with Shadow Tablespaces 13-3513.11.1 About Shadow Lost Write Protection 13-3613.11.2 Creating Shadow Tablespaces for Shadow Lost Write Protection 13-3813.11.3 Enabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for a Database 13-3913.11.4 Enabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for Tablespaces and DataFiles 13-4013.11.5 Disabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for a Database 13-4113.11.6 Removing or Suspending Shadow Lost Write Protection 13-4213.11.7 Dropping a Shadow Tablespace 13-4413.12 Managing the SYSAUX Tablespace 13-4413.12.1 Monitoring Occupants of the SYSAUX Tablespace 13-4413.12.2 Moving Occupants Out Of or Into the SYSAUX Tablespace 13-4513.12.3 Controlling the Size of the SYSAUX Tablespace 13-4513.13 Correcting Problems with Locally Managed Tablespaces 13-4613.13.1 Diagnosing and Repairing Locally Managed Tablespace Problems 13-46xxi13.13.2 Scenario 1: Fixing Bitmap When Allocated Blocks are Marked Free

(No Overlap) 13-4813.13.3 Scenario 2: Dropping a Corrupted Segment 13-4813.13.4 Scenario 3: Fixing Bitmap Where Overlap is Reported 13-4913.13.5 Scenario 4: Correcting Media Corruption of Bitmap Blocks 13-4913.13.6 Scenario 5: Migrating from a Dictionary-Managed to a LocallyManaged Tablespace 13-4913.14 Migrating the SYSTEM Tablespace to a Locally Managed Tablespace 13-5013.15 Viewing Information About Tablespaces 13-5013.15.1 Tablespace Data Dictionary Views 13-5113.15.2 Example 1: Listing Tablespaces and Default Storage Parameters 13-5213.15.3 Example 2: Listing the Data Files and Associated Tablespaces of aDatabase 13-5213.15.4 Example 3: Displaying Statistics for Free Space (Extents) of EachTablespace 13-5214Managing Data Files and Temp Files14.1 Guidelines for Managing Data Files 14-214.1.1 About Data Files 14-214.1.2 Determine the Number of Data Files 14-314.1.2.1 About Determining the Number of Data Files 14-314.1.2.2 Determine a Value for the DB_FILES Initialization Parameter 14-414.1.2.3 Consider Possible Limitations When Adding Data Files to aTablespace 14-414.1.2.4 Consider the Performance Impact of the Number of Data Files 14-514.1.3 Determine the Size of Data Files 14-514.1.4 Place Data Files Appropriately 14-514.1.5 Store Data Files Separate from Redo Log Files 14-614.2 Creating Data Files and Adding Data Files to a Tablespace 14-614.3 Changing Data File Size 14-714.3.1 Enabling and Disabling Automatic Extension for a Data File 14-714.3.2 Manually Resizing a Data File 14-814.4 Altering Data File Availability 14-814.4.1 About Altering Data File Availability 14-914.4.2 Bringing Data Files Online or Taking Offline in ARCHIVELOG Mode 14-10

14.4.3 Taking Data Files Offline in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 14-1014.4.4 Altering the Availability of All Data Files or Temp Files in a Tablespace 14-1114.5 Renaming and Relocating Data Files 14-1114.5.1 Renaming and Relocating Online Data Files 14-1114.5.2 Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files 14-1414.5.2.1 Procedures for Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files in aSingle Tablespace 14-14xxii14.5.2.2 Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files in MultipleTablespaces 14-1614.6 Dropping Data Files 14-1714.7 Verifying Data Blocks in Data Files 14-1814.8 Copying Files Using the Database Server 14-1914.8.1 About Copying Files Using the Database Server 14-1914.8.2 Copying a File on a Local File System 14-2014.8.3 Third-Party File Transfer 14-2114.8.4 Advanced File Transfer Mechanisms 14-2214.8.5 File Transfer and the DBMS_SCHEDULER Package 14-2214.9 Mapping Files to Physical Devices 14-2314.9.1 Overview of Oracle Database File Mapping Interface 14-2314.9.2 How the Oracle Database File Mapping Interface Works 14-2414.9.2.1 Components of File Mapping 14-2414.9.2.2 Mapping Structures 14-2614.9.2.3 Example of Mapping Structures 14-2714.9.2.4 Configuration ID 14-2814.9.3 Using the Oracle Database File Mapping Interface 14-2814.9.3.1 Enabling File Mapping 14-2914.9.3.2 Using the DBMS_STORAGE_MAP Package 14-3014.9.3.3 Obtaining Information from the File Mapping Views 14-3114.9.4 File Mapping Examples 14-3214.9.4.1 Example 1: Map All Database Files that Span a Device 14-3314.9.4.2 Example 2: Map a File Into Its Corresponding Devices 14-3314.9.4.3 Example 3: Map a Database Object 14-3414.10 Data Files Data Dictionary Views 14-34

15Transporting Data15.1 About Transporting Data 15-115.1.1 Purpose of Transporting Data 15-215.1.2 Transporting Data: Scenarios 15-215.1.2.1 Scenarios for Full Transportable Export/import 15-215.1.2.2 Scenarios for Transportable Tablespaces or TransportableTables 15-415.1.3 Transporting Data Across Platforms 15-815.1.4 General Limitations on Transporting Data 15-1015.1.5 Compatibility Considerations for Transporting Data 15-1215.2 Transporting Databases 15-1415.2.1 Introduction to Full Transportable Export/Import 15-1415.2.2 Limitations on Full Transportable Export/import 15-1415.2.3 Transporting a Database Using an Export Dump File 15-15xxiii15.2.4 Transporting a Database Over the Network 15-2215.3 Transporting Tablespaces Between Databases 15-2715.3.1 Introduction to Transportable Tablespaces 15-2815.3.2 Limitations on Transportable Tablespaces 15-2915.3.3 Transporting Tablespaces Between Databases 15-2915.3.3.1 Task 1: Pick a Self-Contained Set of Tablespaces 15-3115.3.3.2 Task 2: Generate a Transportable Tablespace Set 15-3315.3.3.3 Task 3: Transport the Export Dump File 15-3515.3.3.4 Task 4: Transport the Tablespace Set 15-3515.3.3.5 Task 5: (Optional) Restore Tablespaces to Read/Write Mode 15-3615.3.3.6 Task 6: Import the Tablespace Set 15-3615.4 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Between Databases 15-3815.4.1 Introduction to Transportable Tables 15-3815.4.2 Limitations on Transportable Tables 15-3915.4.3 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Using an ExportDump File 15-3915.4.4 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Over the Network 15-4515.5 Converting Data Between Platforms 15-50

15.5.1 Converting Data Between Platforms Using theDBMS_FILE_TRANSFER Package 15-5115.5.2 Converting Data Between Platforms Using RMAN 15-5315.5.2.1 Converting Tablespaces on the Source System After Export 15-5415.5.2.2 Converting Data Files on the Target System Before Import 15-5515.6 Guidelines for Transferring Data Files 15-5616Managing Undo16.1 What Is Undo? 16-216.2 Introduction to Automatic Undo Management 16-216.2.1 Overview of Automatic Undo Management 16-316.2.2 The Undo Retention Period 16-416.2.2.1 About the Undo Retention Period 16-416.2.2.2 Automatic Tuning of Undo Retention 16-516.2.2.3 Retention Guarantee 16-616.2.2.4 Undo Retention Tuning and Alert Thresholds 16-616.2.2.5 Tracking the Tuned Undo Retention Period 16-716.3 Setting the Minimum Undo Retention Period 16-716.4 Sizing a Fixed-Size Undo Tablespace 16-816.4.1 Activating the Undo Advisor PL/SQL Interface 16-916.5 Managing Undo Tablespaces 16-1016.5.1 Creating an Undo Tablespace 16-1016.5.1.1 About Creating an Undo Tablespace 16-11xxiv16.5.1.2 Using CREATE DATABASE to Create an Undo Tablespace 16-1116.5.1.3 Using the CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE Statement 16-1216.5.2 Altering an Undo Tablespace 16-1216.5.3 Dropping an Undo Tablespace 16-1316.5.4 Switching Undo Tablespaces 16-1316.5.5 Establishing User Quotas for Undo Space 16-1416.5.6 Managing Space Threshold Alerts for the Undo Tablespace 16-1516.6 Migrating to Automatic Undo Management 16-1516.7 Managing Temporary Undo 16-1516.7.1 About Managing Temporary Undo 16-15

16.7.2 Enabling and Disabling Temporary Undo 16-1716.8 Undo Space Data Dictionary Views 16-1817Using Oracle Managed Files17.1 About Oracle Managed Files 17-117.1.1 What Is Oracle Managed Files? 17-217.1.2 Who Can Use Oracle Managed Files? 17-217.1.3 What Is a Logical Volume Manager? 17-317.1.4 What Is a File System? 17-317.1.5 Benefits of Using Oracle Managed Files 17-317.1.6 Oracle Managed Files and Existing Functionality 17-417.2 Enabling the Creation and Use of Oracle Managed Files 17-417.2.1 Initialization Parameters That Enable Oracle Managed Files 17-517.2.2 Setting the DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST Initialization Parameter 17-617.2.3 Setting the DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Parameter 17-617.2.4 Setting the DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n InitializationParameters 17-617.3 Creating Oracle Managed Files 17-717.3.1 When Oracle Database Creates Oracle Managed Files 17-817.3.2 How Oracle Managed Files Are Named 17-817.3.3 Creating Oracle Managed Files at Database Creation 17-917.3.3.1 Specifying Control Files at Database Creation 17-1017.3.3.2 Specifying Redo Log Files at Database Creation 17-1117.3.3.3 Specifying the SYSTEM and SYSAUX Tablespace Data Files atDatabase Creation 17-1217.3.3.4 Specifying the Undo Tablespace Data File at Database Creation 17-1317.3.3.5 Specifying the Default Temporary Tablespace Temp File atDatabase Creation 17-1317.3.3.6 CREATE DATABASE Statement Using Oracle Managed Files:Examples 17-1317.3.4 Creating Data Files for Tablespaces Using Oracle Managed Files 17-16xxv17.3.4.1 About Creating Data Files for Tablespaces Using OracleManaged Files 17-16

17.3.4.2 CREATE TABLESPACE: Examples 17-1717.3.4.3 CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE: Example 17-1817.3.4.4 ALTER TABLESPACE: Example 17-1817.3.5 Creating Temp Files for Temporary Tablespaces Using OracleManaged Files 17-1917.3.5.1 About Creating Temp Files for Temporary Tablespaces UsingOracle Managed Files 17-1917.3.5.2 CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE: Example 17-2017.3.5.3 ADD TEMPFILE: Example 17-2017.3.6 Creating Control Files Using Oracle Managed Files 17-2017.3.6.1 About Creating Control Files Using Oracle Managed Files 17-2117.3.6.2 CREATE CONTROLFILE Using NORESETLOGS Keyword:Example 17-2217.3.6.3 CREATE CONTROLFILE Using RESETLOGS Keyword:Example 17-2217.3.7 Creating Redo Log Files Using Oracle Managed Files 17-2317.3.7.1 Using the ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE Statement 17-2317.3.7.2 Using the ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS Statement 17-2417.3.8 Creating Archived Logs Using Oracle Managed Files 17-2417.4 Operation of Oracle Managed Files 17-2417.4.1 Dropping Data Files and Temp Files 17-2517.4.2 Dropping Redo Log Files 17-2517.4.3 Renaming Files 17-2617.4.4 Managing Standby Databases 17-2617.5 Scenarios for Using Oracle Managed Files 17-2617.5.1 Scenario 1: Create and Manage a Database with Multiplexed RedoLogs 17-2617.5.2 Scenario 2: Create and Manage a Database with Database and FastRecovery Areas 17-3017.5.3 Scenario 3: Adding Oracle Managed Files to an Existing Database 17-31Part III Schema Objects18Managing Schema Objects18.1 Creating Multiple Tables and Views in a Single Operation 18-2

18.2 Analyzing Tables, Indexes, and Clusters 18-218.2.1 About Analyzing Tables, Indexes, and Clusters 18-318.2.2 Using DBMS_STATS to Collect Table and Index Statistics 18-418.2.3 Validating Tables, Indexes, Clusters, and Materialized Views 18-4xxvi18.2.4 Cross Validation of a Table and an Index with a Query 18-518.2.5 Listing Chained Rows of Tables and Clusters 18-618.2.5.1 Creating a CHAINED_ROWS Table 18-618.2.5.2 Eliminating Migrated or Chained Rows in a Table 18-718.3 Truncating Tables and Clusters 18-818.3.1 Using DELETE to Truncate a Table 18-818.3.2 Using DROP and CREATE to Truncate a Table 18-918.3.3 Using TRUNCATE 18-918.4 Enabling and Disabling Triggers 18-1018.4.1 About Enabling and Disabling Triggers 18-1118.4.2 Enabling Triggers 18-1218.4.3 Disabling Triggers 18-1218.5 Managing Integrity Constraints 18-1218.5.1 Integrity Constraint States 18-1318.5.1.1 About Integrity Constraint States 18-1418.5.1.2 About Disabling Constraints 18-1418.5.1.3 About Enabling Constraints 18-1518.5.1.4 About the Enable Novalidate Constraint State 18-1518.5.1.5 Efficient Use of Integrity Constraints: A Procedure 18-1518.5.2 Setting Integrity Constraints Upon Definition 18-1618.5.2.1 Disabling Constraints Upon Definition 18-1618.5.2.2 Enabling Constraints Upon Definition 18-1618.5.3 Modifying, Renaming, or Dropping Existing Integrity Constraints 18-1718.5.3.1 Disabling and Enabling Constraints 18-1718.5.3.2 Renaming Constraints 18-1818.5.3.3 Dropping Constraints 18-1818.5.4 Deferring Constraint Checks 18-1918.5.4.1 Set All Constraints Deferred 18-1918.5.4.2 Check the Commit (Optional) 18-20

18.5.5 Reporting Constraint Exceptions 18-2018.5.6 Viewing Constraint Information 18-2118.6 Renaming Schema Objects 18-2218.7 Managing Object Dependencies 18-2318.7.1 About Object Dependencies and Object Invalidation 18-2318.7.2 Manually Recompiling Invalid Objects with DDL 18-2518.7.3 Manually Recompiling Invalid Objects with PL/SQL PackageProcedures 18-2518.8 Managing Object Name Resolution 18-2618.9 Switching to a Different Schema 18-2818.10 Managing Editions 18-2818.10.1 About Editions and Edition-Based Redefinition 18-29xxvii18.10.2 DBA Tasks for Edition-Based Redefinition 18-2918.10.3 Setting the Database Default Edition 18-3018.10.4 Querying the Database Default Edition 18-3018.10.5 Setting the Edition Attribute of a Database Service 18-3018.10.5.1 About Setting the Edition Attribute of a Database Service 18-3118.10.5.2 Setting the Edition Attribute During Database Service Creation 18-3118.10.5.3 Setting the Edition Attribute of an Existing Database Service 18-3218.10.6 Using an Edition 18-3218.10.7 Editions Data Dictionary Views 18-3318.11 Displaying Information About Schema Objects 18-3318.11.1 Using a PL/SQL Package to Display Information About SchemaObjects 18-3318.11.2 Schema Objects Data Dictionary Views 18-3418.11.2.1 Example 1: Displaying Schema Objects By Type 18-3518.11.2.2 Example 2: Displaying Dependencies of Views and Synonyms 18-3519Managing Space for Schema Objects19.1 Managing Tablespace Alerts 19-119.1.1 About Managing Tablespace Alerts 19-219.1.2 Setting Alert Thresholds 19-319.1.3 Viewing Alerts 19-5

19.1.4 Limitations 19-519.2 Managing Resumable Space Allocation 19-619.2.1 Resumable Space Allocation Overview 19-719.2.1.1 How Resumable Space Allocation Works 19-719.2.1.2 What Operations are Resumable? 19-819.2.1.3 What Errors are Correctable? 19-919.2.1.4 Resumable Space Allocation and Distributed Operations 19-919.2.1.5 Parallel Execution and Resumable Space Allocation 19-919.2.2 Enabling and Disabling Resumable Space Allocation 19-1019.2.2.1 About Enabling and Disabling Resumable Space Allocation 19-1019.2.2.2 Setting the RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT Initialization Parameter 19-1119.2.2.3 Using ALTER SESSION to Enable and Disable ResumableSpace Allocation 19-1119.2.3 Using a LOGON Trigger to Set Default Resumable Mode 19-1319.2.4 Detecting Suspended Statements 19-1319.2.4.1 Notifying Users: The AFTER SUSPEND System Event andTrigger 19-1319.2.4.2 Using Views to Obtain Information About Suspended Statements19-1419.2.4.3 Using the DBMS_RESUMABLE Package 19-14xxviii19.2.5 Operation-Suspended Alert 19-1519.2.6 Resumable Space Allocation Example: Registering an AFTERSUSPEND Trigger 19-1519.3 Reclaiming Unused Space 19-1719.3.1 About Reclaimable Unused Space 19-1719.3.2 The Segment Advisor 19-1819.3.2.1 About the Segment Advisor 19-1819.3.2.2 Using the Segment Advisor 19-1919.3.2.3 Automatic Segment Advisor 19-1919.3.2.4 Running the Segment Advisor Manually 19-2019.3.2.5 Viewing Segment Advisor Results 19-2519.3.2.6 Configuring the Automatic Segment Advisor 19-3119.3.2.7 Viewing Automatic Segment Advisor Information 19-32

19.3.3 Shrinking Database Segments Online 19-3319.3.4 Deallocating Unused Space 19-3519.4 Dropping Unused Object Storage 19-3619.5 Understanding Space Usage of Data Types 19-3719.6 Displaying Information About Space Usage for Schema Objects 19-3719.6.1 Using PL/SQL Packages to Display Information About Schema ObjectSpace Usage 19-3719.6.2 Schema Objects Space Usage Data Dictionary Views 19-3819.6.2.1 Example 1: Displaying Segment Information 19-3919.6.2.2 Example 2: Displaying Extent Information 19-4019.6.2.3 Example 3: Displaying the Free Space (Extents) in a Tablespace 19-4019.7 Capacity Planning for Database Objects 19-4119.7.1 Estimating the Space Use of a Table 19-4119.7.2 Estimating the Space Use of an Index 19-4219.7.3 Obtaining Object Growth Trends 19-4220Managing Tables20.1 About Tables 20-220.2 Guidelines for Managing Tables 20-320.2.1 Design Tables Before Creating Them 20-520.2.2 Specify the Type of Table to Create 20-520.2.3 Specify the Location of Each Table 20-620.2.4 Consider Parallelizing Table Creation 20-720.2.5 Consider Using NOLOGGING When Creating Tables 20-720.2.6 Consider Using Table Compression 20-720.2.6.1 About Table Compression 20-820.2.6.2 Examples Related to Table Compression 20-1220.2.6.3 Compression and Partitioned Tables 20-13xxix20.2.6.4 Determining If a Table Is Compressed 20-1420.2.6.5 Determining Which Rows Are Compressed 20-1420.2.6.6 Changing the Compression Level 20-1520.2.6.7 Adding and Dropping Columns in Compressed Tables 20-1520.2.6.8 Exporting and Importing Hybrid Columnar Compression Tables 20-16

20.2.6.9 Restoring a Hybrid Columnar Compression Table 20-1620.2.6.10 Notes and Restrictions for Compressed Tables 20-1720.2.6.11 Packing Compressed Tables 20-1820.2.7 Managing Table Compression Using Enterprise Manager CloudControl 20-1920.2.7.1 Table Compression and Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 20-1920.2.7.2 Viewing the Compression Summary at the Database Level 20-2020.2.7.3 Viewing the Compression Summary at the Tablespace Level 20-2020.2.7.4 Estimating the Compression Ratio 20-2120.2.7.5 Compressing an Object 20-2120.2.7.6 Viewing Compression Advice 20-2220.2.7.7 Initiating Automatic Data Optimization on an Object 20-2220.2.8 Consider Using Segment-Level and Row-Level Compression Tiering 20-2220.2.9 Consider Using Attribute-Clustered Tables 20-2420.2.10 Consider Using Zone Maps 20-2520.2.11 Consider Storing Tables in the In-Memory Column Store 20-2620.2.12 Consider Using Invisible Columns 20-2720.2.12.1 Understand Invisible Columns 20-2720.2.12.2 Invisible Columns and Column Ordering 20-2820.2.13 Consider Encrypting Columns That Contain Sensitive Data 20-2920.2.14 Understand Deferred Segment Creation 20-3120.2.15 Materializing Segments 20-3320.2.16 Estimate Table Size and Plan Accordingly 20-3420.2.17 Restrictions to Consider When Creating Tables 20-3420.3 Creating Tables 20-3520.3.1 Example: Creating a Table 20-3520.3.2 Creating a Temporary Table 20-3720.3.2.1 Overview of Temporary Tables 20-3720.3.2.2 Considerations When Creating Temporary Tables 20-3820.3.2.3 Creating Global Temporary Tables 20-3820.3.2.4 Creating Private Temporary Tables 20-4020.3.3 Parallelizing Table Creation 20-4220.4 Loading Tables 20-4320.4.1 Methods for Loading Tables 20-43

20.4.2 Improving INSERT Performance with Direct-Path INSERT 20-4520.4.2.1 About Direct-Path INSERT 20-45xxx20.4.2.2 How Direct-Path INSERT Works 20-4620.4.2.3 Loading Data with Direct-Path INSERT 20-4720.4.2.4 Logging Modes for Direct-Path INSERT 20-4820.4.2.5 Additional Considerations for Direct-Path INSERT 20-5020.4.3 Using Conventional Inserts to Load Tables 20-5120.4.4 Avoiding Bulk INSERT Failures with DML Error Logging 20-5220.4.4.1 Inserting Data with DML Error Logging 20-5220.4.4.2 Error Logging Table Format 20-5420.4.4.3 Creating an Error Logging Table 20-5520.4.4.4 Error Logging Restrictions and Caveats 20-5520.5 Optimizing the Performance of Bulk Updates 20-5620.6 Automatically Collecting Statistics on Tables 20-5820.7 Altering Tables 20-5920.7.1 Reasons for Using the ALTER TABLE Statement 20-6020.7.2 Altering Physical Attributes of a Table 20-6120.7.3 Moving a Table to a New Segment or Tablespace 20-6120.7.3.1 About Moving a Table to a New Segment or Tablespace 20-6120.7.3.2 Moving a Table 20-6220.7.3.3 Moving a Table Partition or Subpartition Online 20-6320.7.4 Manually Allocating Storage for a Table 20-6420.7.5 Modifying an Existing Column Definition 20-6420.7.6 Adding Table Columns 20-6520.7.7 Renaming Table Columns 20-6620.7.8 Dropping Table Columns 20-6720.7.8.1 Removing Columns from Tables 20-6820.7.8.2 Marking Columns Unused 20-6820.7.8.3 Removing Unused Columns 20-6920.7.8.4 Dropping Columns in Compressed Tables 20-6920.7.9 Placing a Table in Read-Only Mode 20-6920.8 Redefining Tables Online 20-7120.8.1 About Redefining Tables Online 20-72

20.8.2 Features of Online Table Redefinition 20-7320.8.3 Privileges Required for the DBMS_REDEFINITION Package 20-7420.8.4 Restrictions for Online Redefinition of Tables 20-7520.8.5 Performing Online Redefinition with the REDEF_TABLE Procedure 20-7720.8.6 Redefining Tables Online with Multiple Procedures inDBMS_REDEFINITION 20-7820.8.6.1 Performing Online Redefinition with Multiple Procedures inDBMS_REDEFINITION 20-7820.8.6.2 Constructing a Column Mapping String 20-8120.8.6.3 Handling Virtual Private Database (VPD) Policies During OnlineRedefinition 20-82xxxi20.8.6.4 Creating Dependent Objects Automatically 20-8320.8.6.5 Creating Dependent Objects Manually 20-8320.8.7 Results of the Redefinition Process 20-8520.8.8 Performing Intermediate Synchronization 20-8520.8.9 Refreshing Dependent Materialized Views During Online TableRedefinition 20-8620.8.10 Monitoring Online Table Redefinition Progress 20-9020.8.11 Restarting Online Table Redefinition After a Failure 20-9320.8.12 Rolling Back Online Table Redefinition 20-9620.8.12.1 About Online Table Redefinition Rollback 20-9720.8.12.2 Performing Online Table Redefinition Rollback 20-9720.8.13 Aborting Online Table Redefinition and Cleaning Up After Errors 20-10120.8.14 Online Redefinition of One or More Partitions 20-10120.8.14.1 Rules for Online Redefinition of a Single Partition 20-10220.8.15 Online Table Redefinition Examples 20-10320.9 Researching and Reversing Erroneous Table Changes 20-12420.10 Recovering Tables Using Oracle Flashback Table 20-12520.11 Dropping Tables 20-12620.12 Using Flashback Drop and Managing the Recycle Bin 20-12720.12.1 What Is the Recycle Bin? 20-12820.12.2 Enabling and Disabling the Recycle Bin 20-12920.12.3 Viewing and Querying Objects in the Recycle Bin 20-130

20.12.4 Purging Objects in the Recycle Bin 20-13020.12.5 Restoring Tables from the Recycle Bin 20-13120.13 Managing Index-Organized Tables 20-13320.13.1 What Are Index-Organized Tables? 20-13320.13.2 Creating Index-Organized Tables 20-13420.13.2.1 About Creating Index-Organized Tables 20-13520.13.2.2 Example: Creating an Index-Organized Table 20-13520.13.2.3 Restrictions for Index-Organized Tables 20-13620.13.2.4 Creating Index-Organized Tables That Contain Object Types 20-13720.13.2.5 Choosing and Monitoring a Threshold Value 20-13820.13.2.6 Using the INCLUDING Clause 20-13820.13.2.7 Parallelizing Index-Organized Table Creation 20-13920.13.2.8 Using Prefix Compression 20-13920.13.3 Maintaining Index-Organized Tables 20-14020.13.3.1 Altering Index-Organized Tables 20-14020.13.3.2 Moving (Rebuilding) Index-Organized Tables 20-14120.13.4 Creating Secondary Indexes on Index-Organized Tables 20-14220.13.4.1 About Secondary Indexes on Index-Organized Tables 20-14220.13.4.2 Creating a Secondary Index on an Index-Organized Table 20-143xxxii20.13.4.3 Maintaining Physical Guesses in Logical Rowids 20-14320.13.4.4 Specifying Bitmap Indexes on Index-Organized Tables 20-14320.13.5 Analyzing Index-Organized Tables 20-14420.13.5.1 Collecting Optimizer Statistics for Index-Organized Tables 20-14420.13.5.2 Validating the Structure of Index-Organized Tables 20-14520.13.6 Using the ORDER BY Clause with Index-Organized Tables 20-14520.13.7 Converting Index-Organized Tables to Regular Tables 20-14520.14 Managing Partitioned Tables 20-14620.15 Managing External Tables 20-14620.15.1 About External Tables 20-14720.15.2 Creating External Tables 20-14820.15.3 Altering External Tables 20-15120.15.4 Preprocessing External Tables 20-15320.15.5 Overriding Parameters for External Tables in a Query 20-154

20.15.6 Using Inline External Tables 20-15520.15.7 Partitioning External Tables 20-15620.15.7.1 About Partitioning External Tables 20-15620.15.7.2 Restrictions for Partitioned External Tables 20-15820.15.7.3 Creating a Partitioned External Table 20-15920.15.7.4 Altering a Partitioned External Table 20-16320.15.8 Dropping External Tables 20-16420.15.9 System and Object Privileges for External Tables 20-16420.16 Managing Hybrid Partitioned Tables 20-16420.17 Tables Data Dictionary Views 20-16521Managing Indexes21.1 About Indexes 21-121.2 Guidelines for Managing Indexes 21-221.2.1 Create Indexes After Inserting Table Data 21-421.2.2 Index the Correct Tables and Columns 21-421.2.3 Order Index Columns for Performance 21-521.2.4 Limit the Number of Indexes for Each Table 21-521.2.5 Drop Indexes That Are No Longer Required 21-621.2.6 Indexes and Deferred Segment Creation 21-621.2.7 Estimate Index Size and Set Storage Parameters 21-621.2.8 Specify the Tablespace for Each Index 21-721.2.9 Consider Parallelizing Index Creation 21-721.2.10 Consider Creating Indexes with NOLOGGING 21-821.2.11 Understand When to Use Unusable or Invisible Indexes 21-821.2.12 Understand When to Create Multiple Indexes on the Same Set ofColumns 21-10xxxiii21.2.13 Consider Costs and Benefits of Coalescing or Rebuilding Indexes 21-1121.2.14 Consider Cost Before Disabling or Dropping Constraints 21-1221.2.15 Consider Using the In-Memory Column Store to Reduce the Numberof Indexes 21-1221.3 Creating Indexes 21-1321.3.1 Prerequisites for Creating Indexes 21-14

21.3.2 Creating an Index Explicitly 21-1421.3.3 Creating a Unique Index Explicitly 21-1521.3.4 Creating an Index Associated with a Constraint 21-1521.3.4.1 About Creating an Index Associated with a Constraint 21-1621.3.4.2 Specifying Storage Options for an Index Associated with aConstraint 21-1621.3.4.3 Specifying the Index Associated with a Constraint 21-1621.3.5 Creating a Large Index 21-1721.3.6 Creating an Index Online 21-1821.3.7 Creating a Function-Based Index 21-1821.3.8 Creating a Compressed Index 21-1921.3.8.1 Creating an Index Using Prefix Compression 21-2021.3.8.2 Creating an Index Using Advanced Index Compression 21-2121.3.9 Creating an Unusable Index 21-2221.3.10 Creating an Invisible Index 21-2421.3.11 Creating Multiple Indexes on the Same Set of Columns 21-2421.4 Altering Indexes 21-2521.4.1 About Altering Indexes 21-2621.4.2 Altering Storage Characteristics of an Index 21-2721.4.3 Rebuilding an Existing Index 21-2721.4.4 Making an Index Unusable 21-2821.4.5 Making an Index Invisible or Visible 21-3021.4.6 Renaming an Index 21-3121.4.7 Monitoring Index Usage 21-3121.5 Monitoring Space Use of Indexes 21-3121.6 Dropping Indexes 21-3221.7 Managing Auto Indexes 21-3321.7.1 About Automatic Indexing 21-3321.7.2 How Automatic Indexing Works 21-3421.7.3 Configuring Automatic Indexing in an Oracle Database 21-3521.7.4 Generating Automatic Indexing Reports 21-3921.7.5 Views Containing the Automatic Indexing Information 21-4021.8 Indexes Data Dictionary Views 21-41xxxiv

22Managing Clusters22.1 About Clusters 22-122.2 Guidelines for Managing Clusters 22-322.2.1 Choose Appropriate Tables for the Cluster 22-322.2.2 Choose Appropriate Columns for the Cluster Key 22-422.2.3 Specify the Space Required by an Average Cluster Key and ItsAssociated Rows 22-422.2.4 Specify the Location of Each Cluster and Cluster Index Rows 22-522.2.5 Estimate Cluster Size and Set Storage Parameters 22-522.3 Creating Clusters and Objects That Use Them 22-522.3.1 Creating Clusters 22-622.3.2 Creating Clustered Tables 22-622.3.3 Creating Cluster Indexes 22-722.4 Altering Clusters and Objects That Use Them 22-822.4.1 Altering Clusters 22-822.4.2 Altering Clustered Tables 22-922.4.3 Altering Cluster Indexes 22-922.5 Dropping Clusters and Objects That Use Them 22-922.5.1 Dropping Clusters 22-1022.5.2 Dropping Clustered Tables 22-1122.5.3 Dropping Cluster Indexes 22-1122.6 Clusters Data Dictionary Views 22-1123Managing Hash Clusters23.1 About Hash Clusters 23-123.2 When to Use Hash Clusters 23-223.2.1 Situations Where Hashing Is Useful 23-223.2.2 Situations Where Hashing Is Not Advantageous 23-323.3 Creating Different Types of Hash Clusters 23-323.3.1 Creating Hash Clusters 23-423.3.2 Creating a Sorted Hash Cluster 23-423.3.3 Creating Single-Table Hash Clusters 23-723.3.4 Controlling Space Use Within a Hash Cluster 23-7

23.3.4.1 Choosing the Key 23-823.3.4.2 Setting HASH IS 23-823.3.4.3 Setting SIZE 23-823.3.4.4 Setting HASHKEYS 23-923.3.4.5 Controlling Space in Hash Clusters 23-923.3.5 Estimating Size Required by Hash Clusters 23-1023.4 Altering Hash Clusters 23-11xxxv23.5 Dropping Hash Clusters 23-1123.6 Hash Clusters Data Dictionary Views 23-1224Managing Views, Sequences, and Synonyms24.1 Managing Views 24-124.1.1 About Views 24-224.1.2 Creating Views and Join Views 24-224.1.2.1 Creating Views 24-324.1.2.2 Creating Join Views 24-424.1.2.3 Expansion of Defining Queries at View Creation Time 24-424.1.2.4 Creating Views with Errors 24-524.1.3 Replacing Views 24-524.1.4 Using Views in Queries 24-624.1.5 DML Statements and Join Views 24-724.1.5.1 Updating a Join View 24-824.1.5.2 Key-Preserved Tables 24-924.1.5.3 Rules for DML Statements and Join Views 24-1024.1.5.4 Updating Views That Involve Outer Joins 24-1324.1.5.5 Using the UPDATABLE_ COLUMNS Views 24-1524.1.6 Altering Views 24-1524.1.7 Dropping Views 24-1624.2 Managing Sequences 24-1624.2.1 About Sequences 24-1624.2.2 Creating Sequences 24-1724.2.3 Altering Sequences 24-1824.2.4 Using Sequences 24-18