高中英语中in + N. 短语归纳以及用法解析

高中英语中的“介词in +名词（+of）” 短语归类及语法功能

在高中英语学习中，我们不难发现众多的“介词in +名词（+of）”短语。而且此类短语高频率的出现足可以说明归纳和探究其内在规律的意义。其中有些还是高考的重点、热点和难点，因为它们用法活跃，在句子中可充当状语、表语和定语等。下面本人就此类短语在构成和语法功能两方面进行一个简单的梳理，希望对大家的英语学习有所帮助。

（一）“介词in +名词”类

在句中作状语

短语

in advance

in return

in peace

in total

in public

in private

in secret

in person

in detail

in order

in place

in vain

in surprise

in store

in tears

例句

Please inform me

in advance in case of any change.

I bought him a drink

in return for

his help.

短语 例句

In brief, it has been an exciting

day. 总之,这一天过得很带劲。

These developments have led to a

far higher proportion of uccessful

operations, which in turn has led

to great demand for transplants.

所有这些发展导致了移植手术更高比例的成功率, 而移植手术成功率的提高反 过 来又导致移植手术更大的需求。

In short, he is a promising young

man and has a bright future.总之,他是一个有希望、有前途的青年

In reality, things always happen

out of expectation.

现实中,事情总是出乎意料地发生。

In conclusion, we should be

aware that nothing is more

valuable than health, which is

the foundation of one's success.

总之，我们应该意识到没有什么比健康更有价值, 健康是一个人成功的基础。

In sum, the world is approaching

a turning point after nearly a

decade of growth without serious

emerging market crises. 总而言之，在经历了近十年的经济持续增长，没有发生严重的新兴市场危机，全球正面临近 转折点。

In brief

我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助. in turn

The family had lived in peace

and tranquility before

in addition

the unfortunate traffic accident.

in effect

这一家人在遭遇不幸的车祸前,日子过得很平静。 in practice

We shouldn't spit

in public .

我们不应该在公共场所吐痰 。

Although cheerful in

company, he was often sad in

private.

虽然和友人在一起是愉快的,但他私下却常伤心。 in short

Will you apply for the position by letter or in person?in fact

你申请那个工作是亲自去还是写信去?

We'll discuss the problem later in detail.

in reality

我们以后再详尽地讨论这一问题。

She likes to have everything in place.

喜欢每件东西都各各位.

Day after day she waited in vain for him to telephone

in

her. 日复一日,她徒劳地等待他的电话。

conclusion

What does the future hold

in store

for the boy who

in particular

ran away?

等待那外逃男孩的前途是什么?

When

James

heard

of

the

news

by

telegraph,

he

cried

Lou's

name in tears.

当詹姆斯通过电报听说了这个消息后，他流着泪哭in sum

喊路的名字。

in line I have ordered more materials in line with what we

decided yesterday.

根据我们昨天的决定,我已多订购了一些材料。

The cafeteria is short handed so we'll have to wait in

in common

line.

in delight 咖啡馆人手不够，所以我们不得不排队等候。

in future

in time

in control

在句中作表语、定语

短语

例句 短语 例句

in place

in need

in demand

in shape

in form

in school

in church

in hospital

in prison

in office

in good health

in good

condition

in line

in sight

恐怕提案太妥当.

When you are

in need, don't hesitate to ask

me for help.

in ruins

需要时,请不必客气地找我帮忙。

A friend

in need

is a friend indeed.

in tears

患难之交才是真正的朋友。

You'll never be in shape until you eat less and in touch

take more exercise. 只有少吃多锻炼才能身in love

体好。

My

mom

used

to

always

hate

it

when

they

in rags

Would

read

out

these

passages

in church.

我妈以前总是特恨这段,当他们在教堂读到

in trouble

这段时。

She seemed to be in good health . in difficulty

in comfort

她看上去身体健康。

I don't care about the price, so long as the car

in touch

is

in good condition.

in love

我不计较价钱,只要车很好用就行了。

I'm afraid your proposal is not quite in place.

An agreement on many aspects of

trade policy was in sight.

一项涉及到贸易政策诸多方面的协议即将达成。

His career is in ruins.

他已前途尽毁。

She was in tears over the death of her

puppy. 她因小狗死去而哭泣。

He always offers his help when I am in

trouble.每当我陷入困境,他总伸出援助之手。

Roger was then a bag of bones,

and in rags . 那时候罗杰瘦骨嶙峋，衣衫褴褛。

If you follow my recommendation,

you will not keep in touch with her.

如果你听从我的劝告，就不要同她保持接触。

She was telling me that they

were

in love.

她也还说两人正在热恋中呢。

(二) “in +名词+ 介词”类

在句中作状语

短 语 例 句

in return for

in defense of

in honor of

in memory of

in preference to

in charge of

in search of

in face of

in hopes of

in exchange for

in praise of

in agreement with

in association with

in connection with

in comparison with

in possession of

in face of

in support of

in favor of

in line with

in danger of

in need of

in case of

in spite of

in terms of

in view of

in common with

in addition to

in/on behalf of

in time for

in consequence of

in fear of

The little girl gave me a big hug

in return for

my help.

这个小姑娘给了我一个热情的拥抱以答谢我的帮助。

Mr Green stood up in defense of the 16-year old boy, saying that he was not the one to

blame.

格林站出来为这个16岁的男孩辩护(挡驾),他认为大家不应该责怪这孩子。

A reception was held in honor of

the new director. 举行酒会来欢迎新主任。

I'd choose the small car in preference to

the larger one.

我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。

A

man

travels

the world

over in search of

what

he

needs

and

returns

home

to

findit.

人们总是走遍世界寻找自己需要的东西，最后回到家却发现它就在家里。

He showed great bravery in face of

danger. 面对危险,他表现得十分勇敢。

For many years, researchers have been exploring the way people think in hopes

of creating a computer that thinks like a person.

许多年以来, 研究人员就开始探索人们思考问题的方...

Silk

was

a

common

offering

by

the

emperor

to

these

tribes in exchange for

peace.

丝绸是中国皇帝给那些部落用于交换和平而提供的一种普通物品。

He wrote poems

in praise of our great socialist motherland.

他写诗歌颂我们伟大的社会主义祖国。

But

I

want to

stress

what

I am in agreement with.

但是我要强调我同意的是什么内容。

We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for

the homeless. 我们与本地一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。

He asked many questions

in connection with life in Britain.

他问了许多有关英国生活的问题。

My shoes are small in comparison with

my sister. 我的鞋子比我妹妹的要小.

For Use Only in Case of Fire 灭火专用

We held on for two days in spite of the violent attacks of

the enemy.

尽管敌人进行了猛烈攻击,我们坚守了两天之久。

It is difficult to express it

in terms of

science. 要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的.

In view of

the facts, it seems useless to continue.

鉴于这些事实,继续下去似乎是无益的。

In common with many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems.

和许多国家一样，英国也有严重的环境问题。

In addition to

giving a general introduction to

computers, the course also provides

practical experience. 课程除了大致介绍电脑知识外,还提供实用的经验。

Premier

Zhou

En- lai worked hard

all his life

in behalf of

the Chinese

revolution.

周恩来总理毕生为中国革命鞠躬尽瘁。

We rash home, and go down our meals to be

in time for

the programs.

我们匆匆忙忙地赶回家,又匆匆忙忙地扒下饭,只为能及时收看这个或那个节目。

In consequence of having to use after-burners more fuel is consumed.

由于必须使用加力燃烧室,消耗了较多的燃料。

I live in fear of losing you. 我活在害怕失去你的恐惧中。

在句中作表语、定语

短 语 例 句

in honor of

in memory of

in charge of

in search of

in front of

in possession of

in face of

in praise of

in support of

in favor of

in connection with

in danger of

in need of

in charge of

in time for

in consequence of

in fear of

in sight of

The monument is in honor of a scientist. 那座纪念碑是为纪念一位科学家而建的。

An experienced mechanic is

in charge of

the job. 一位有经验的机械师负责这工作。

Henry

looked

about

as

if he were

in search of

something.

亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。

The car in front of me stopped suddenly and I had to brake.

我前面那辆小汽车突然停住,我只好刹车。

Our university is now in possession of those buildings.

现在那些楼房是属于我们大学的。

I am

in favor of stopping work now.我赞成现在停止工作。

Epidemic disease is often in connection with

bad sanitary conditions.

流行病通常是和不良的卫生条件有关的。

The patient is in danger of

death. 那个病人有死亡的危险。

The brickwork in this house is

in need of repair. 这所房子的砖造部分需要修理。

The punishment is

in consequence of his breaking the law. 因为他犯法而遭处罚。

We rush home, and go down our meals to be in time for

the programs

.我们匆匆忙忙地赶回家,又匆匆忙忙地扒下饭,只为能及时收看这个或那个节目。

The ship is within sight of land. 船在陆地看得见的地方。

（三）词义辨析：

1) 介词in后跟地点名词时，无冠词时表示抽象概念，含有定冠词时表达具体地点。如：“in school”意为“上学.，在校学习”；而“in the school”意为“在学校里，而非其它地点”。

in + 名词

in school

in church

in prison

in court

in hospital

in office

in bed

在上学; 求学；

在做礼拜

在坐牢；服刑

在打官司；在法庭上

在看病；住院；

在办公；执政；掌权；

卧病在床；

躺着睡觉；

in + the +名词

In the school

in the church

in the prison

in the court

in the hospital

in the office

in the bed

在学校里

在教堂里

在监狱里

在院子里

在医院里

在办公室

在被窝里

例 句

When he was in school, he was asked to write a paper

about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up.

在他求学的日子里，他曾经被要求在纸上写下当他长大成人要成为什么样的人，从事什么样。

I wonder if he is in the school.

我想知道他是否在学校。

Sundays

are

spent

mostly

in church.

礼拜天大多在教堂里度过。

And then,

much

later,

I

discovered that

it

had

happened,

right there in the church.

多年以后，我却发现，改变的确发生了，就在那个小教堂里。

He

spent

two

months

in prison before

he broke out.

他越狱逃走之前在狱中坐牢两个月。

Both

of

them

were

born

in the prison.

他们两个都是在监狱里出生的。

The

lawyer

parted

error

from

crime

for

him in court.

在法庭上律师把他的错误与罪行区分开来。

The children are now playing in the court.

现在孩子们正在院子里做游戏。

2）有些名词跟在介词in后，前面无冠词时表主动，有定冠词时表被动。如：be in charge of 是主动的,指对...有掌控权 be in the charge of 是被动的,指被...控制/支配/管理。

in + 名词+ of

由....负责.

in charge of

in control of

控制,掌握;管理

in possession

拥有,持有

of possession of

in + the+名词+of

in the charge

被... 管理...管理之下

of

in the control

在…控制下,

在……控制/支配下;

of

in the

被……拥有/占有

例 句

The supervisor is in charge of the whole team．

那主管负责管理全组工作人员。

The workers are in the charge of the foreman．

工人由工头管理。

Enemy forces are in control of the city.

敌军控制著这座城市.

He was in the control of evil men and forced to do

wicked things.

他被坏人控制,被迫做了坏事。

He was found in possession of dangerous drugs.

她被发现藏有危险物品。

The Chevorlet is in the possession of the

old man.这辆雪弗莱轿车是属于这位老人的。

3）表示形状大小等的名词前冠词特点：

in + 名词

in shape

in form

in size

in color

in length

in height

in depth

in width

in weight

in distance

in altitude

in price

在形状上；处于良好状态；有形

形式上；状态良好

在大小方面

在颜色方面

在长度上

在高度上

在深度上

在宽度上

在重量上

在距离上

在海拔高度上

在价格方面

in +a/ the + 名词+ of

in the shape of

in the form of

at a length of

at a height of

at a depth of

at a width of

at a weight of

例句

She is pleasing in shape and appearance .她身材苗条。

They resemble each other in shape .他们形态相像。

On the hillside was a rock in the shape of a human head

山坡上有一块岩石，形状像人的头。

If she is in form, she can win the match easily.

如果她竞技状态良好，她可以轻易赢得这场比赛

The donation are given in the form of money.

捐赠是通过金钱的形式给与的。

All the videos must be under 5 minutes in length.

相同点是，所有的视频长度不得超过5分

It is one of the tallest structures

in the whole of Spain

at a height of just 200 meters.

它的高度为200多米，是西班牙最高的建筑之一。The dam is 50 meters in height. 坝高50米。There's

not space to cover them in depth here, but you may like

to ponder some of them. 在这里限于篇幅无法深入讨论它们，但您可能会思考其中的一些问题。I waited about 40 minutes at a depth of 14 meters

to see a school of barracuda.

摄影师在14米的深处等了40分钟，才看到一群梭鱼。

I began this on March 24, 2004

at a weight of 287 lbs.

我在2004年三月二十四日体重在287磅时开始应用这个计划。

He is gaining in weight.他的体重正在增加。

The two towns are equal in distance.这两个镇离这里的距离是一样的。

They feel most

comfortable at a distance of about 50 centimeters.他们认呈现…的形状；以…的形式

以…形式

以…长度

以…高度

以…深度

以…宽度

以…重量

以…距离

以…海拔

以…价格

at a distance of

at an altitude

of

at a price of

为合适的距离是50厘米左右。Half basin of water with a towel laid on the edge

of the basin, washing face was at a price of five Fen.脸盆里盛了小半盆清水，盆沿上搭块毛巾，洗一洗脸五分钱。May we suggest an overall reduction of 4% in price, which

will hold right down the line.我们建议将每件工装裤的价格降低4%好吗？ 这样就可正好保持在市场价格线以下。

4)其他

短 语

in work

at work

解 析 例 句

是out of work （失业）的反义词，意为“就业，There are ten thousand more people in work this month

有工作”； 有时亦可表示“（某项工作等）正在完成当中”的意思。

at work 在工作,忙于,上班

than last.

这个月比上个月多一万人就业。

He told his wife that he would be in regular work soon.

他对妻子说他很快就会有固定职业了。

The novelist has two novels in work right now.

那个小说家目前正在写两部小说。

That machine is at work. 那台机器正在运转中。

She always grumbles to me about how badly

treated at work.

她总是向我抱怨她在工作中如何被亏待。

Mr. Brown's house was broken into while he and his wife

were at work.

在布朗先生和夫人上班的时候，他的住宅被盗了。

in peace

at peace

安静地,和平地,安宁地，安详地（=peacefully）

处于和平(或和睦)状态，和at war相对.

Until this thing is done i cannot rest in peace .

这件事不做完，我就不能消消停停地休息。

Now i can die

in peace

because i have seen you .

现在我看到了你，我死也可以瞑目了。

The new world seems to have made up its mind to live

in

peace .新世界的人民好象约好了要和平地生活下去。

As a matter of fact, the town was at peace .

实际上市镇里是太平无事。

They have lived at peace so long that they do not quite

believe in war .他们在和平世界里过得那么久,他们简直不相信战争了。

In length

at length

长度,在长度上,长度上(用语表度量衡的句型)

详细地，周密地；最后

The pieces of wood are uneven in length and can 't be

used .这些木条长短不齐，没法用。

At length

they came within sight of the castle .

他们终于看见城堡了。

in company

for company

一起,当众,一同

It's bad manners to whisper in company.

当著别人窃窃私语是不礼貌的行为。

My aunt came in company with her children.

我姑母是和她的孩子们一起来的。

I hate going out alone : i take my daughter for company .

我不愿独自一人出门，带女儿作个伴。

Please be more careful in future.

今后小心

In future, make sure the door is never left unlocked.

今后一定要注意把门锁上。

No one can foresee what will happen in the future.

没人能预见将来会发生什么事。

There is a tall tree in front of the house.

房子前面有一棵大树。（指某一范围以外的前面）

Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom.

高小姐站在教室的前面。（指某一范围内的前面）

We lived in sight of the school.

我们住的地方可以看到学校。

He plays football quite well in the sight of his father.

在他父亲看来，他足球踢得相当好。

We are equal

in

the sight of God!

我们在上帝的眼里是平等的。

陪伴；作为同伴

in future

in the future

今后、从今以后(相当于from now on)

在将来,将来,在未来

in front of

“在…的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面。

“在…的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面。

in the front

of

in sight of

in the sight of

在看得见

在 ; 由…看来; 从…观点;

从…角度来看