考研英语词汇必考词 第三节 练习题及答案

考研英语词汇

(必考词+基础词+超纲词)

练习题及答案详解

必 考 词

第三节

(Unit 15——Unit 21；第 99 页—— 147 页)

练习一： 词汇与搭配

1． He failed to carry out some of the p rovisions of the contract, and now he has to

answer the consequences.

2． In some cases, different approaches the same scientific problem lead to

conflicting theories.

3． Things are usually cheaper i f they are bought bulk.

4． They sell the sweater a discount of 30 percent.

5． High interest rates discourage people borrowing money.

6． The law does not discriminate any race, creed and color.

7． I subscribe one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.

8． Corporations and labor unions have conferred great benefitsemployees and members as well as upon the general public.

their

9． I will be going to the United States a business mission.

10． He looked like a farmer, but he was really a policeman

disguise.

11． My father likes playing golf; he’s really enthusiastic

it.

12． In the preface

republished.

this book, we are given the reason why it has been

13． A good citizen is expected to conform

the law of his country.

14． I always hold

what I have said.

15． Several people remarked the fine quality of th e work.

16． The teacher has repeatedly reminded him it.

17． She was very tired, and

no mood for dancing.

18． Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected

loud continuous noise.

19． True patriotism consists

everything, including one’s life.

putting the interests of one country above

20． My husband sympathized my proposal to move to a new apartment.

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21． Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you

are not entitled a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.

22． We can say good evidence that their work is on the path of sound

development.

23． The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was

irrelevantthe issue at hand.

24． You’d better relieve hersome of her housework.

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练习二： 词汇辨析

1．Up until that time, his interest had focused almost

skills and techniques of his craft.

[A] restrictively

[B] radically

[C] inclusively

[D] exclusively

on fully mastering the

2． Any nation that interferes in the internal affairs of another nation should be

universally .

[A] blamed

[B] reproached

[C] scolded

[D] condemned

3． CCTV programs are by satellite to the remotest areas in the country.

[A] transferred

[B] transported

[C] transformed

[D] transmitted

4． The government will

[A] initiate

[B] initial

[C] initiative

[D] intimate

5． He said his government hadn’t appointed any .

[A] delegation

[B] delegates

[C] organization

[D] mission

a reform in the educational system.

6． A heavy crane was called in to[A] move

[B] remove

[C] skimmed

[D] stripped

the crashed train from the rails.

7． Americans are highly, and therefore may find it difficult to become

deeply involved with others.

[A] movable

[B] moving

[C] mobile

[D] motional

8． The committee proposed to the U.N. Charter.

[A] correct

[B] revise

[C] amend

[D] edit

9． He tried to ascertain the identity of the writer of theletter.

[A] unanimous

[B] anonymous

[C] infamous

[D] autonomous

10． Don’t

[A] ignore

[B] disregard

[C] neglect

[D] overlook

11． The goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and

teaching, particularly between researchers and teachers.

[A] overall

[B] intensive

[C] joint

[D] concise

12． The English language a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.

[A] owns

[B] contains

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to lock the door when you leave.

[C] holds

[D] possesses

． The badly wounded receiveslightly hurt.

[A] superiority

[B] inferiority

[C] priority

[D] minority

for medical attention over those only

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14． The engine has more than 300 , made of a number of different

materials.

[A] compositions

[B] ingredients

[C] compounds

[D] components

15． The police stopped me the other day as I was driving home, because I was

the________ speed limit.

[A] transcending

[B] exceeding

[C] surpassing

[D] overtaking

16． All theories, however, are tentative and are __to criticism.

[A] immune

[B] resistant

[C] sensitive

[D] subject

17． A Hong Kong Special Administrative was established in July.

[A] Region

[B] District

[C] Area

[D] Zone

18． Food that __easily must reach the market and the dinner table as quickly

as possible.

[A] damage

[B] decay

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[C] spoil

[D] rot

19． Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept

the.

[A] consequences

[B] endings

[C] results

[D] outcome

20． His reputation as a progressive writer is well

[A] built

[B] established

[C] erected

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.

[D] constructed

21． A very large cat was watching us intently from the top of the car.

[A] motionless

[B] stationary

[C] stationery

[D] static

22． The Chinese Women Volleyball Team won five world champions.

[A] successive

[B] consecutive

[C] excessive

[D]immense

23． The river water was from its old course into a new channel where

they were building the dam.

[A] turned

[B] switched

[C] shifted

[D] diverted

24． The energyby the chain reaction is transformed into heat.

[A] conveyed

[B] released

[C] transferred

[D] delivered

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练习三： 英语知识运用

1．Much exciting research is going on in an effort to find these questions.

Foremost is the work of Jean Piaget, the Swiss psychologist who pioneered the

field and whose theories have had an unparalleled impact on education,

especially in Europe.

[A] answers

[B] solutions

[C] resolutions

[D] conclusions6

2． It was within the computer age that the term “information society”began to

be widely used to describe thewithin which we now live.

[A] context

[B] range

[C] scope

[D] territory

3． Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self‐ conscious

and need thethat comes from achieving success and knowing that

their accomplishments are admired by others.

[A] assistance

[B] guidance

[C] confidence

[D] tolerance

4．It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic is

the function of the particular space. For example, a theater with poor sight

lines, poor sound ‐shaping qualities, and too few entries and exits will not work

for its purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be decorated.

[A] care

[B] concern

[C] attention

[D] intention

5． An expert system has as its base the collected knowledge of experts, the rules

that experts use to arrive at decision. It,, emulates the knowledge and

thinking processes of human experts.

[A] by chance

[B] so far

[C] in essence

[D] in addition

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6． Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only

when there are programs that address the many needs of the homeless.

[A] complex

[B]comprehensive

[C]complementary

[D] compensating

7． More US sinologists have expressed confidence in China’s economic reform

and the prospects for modernization.“If the reformers are implemented,” said

Doak Barnett, Professor of Johns Hopkins University, “they would the

trend towards more significant and broader economic ties between China and

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the United States, which will have in some respects, a favorable impact on

political relations.”

[A] confirm

[B] force

[C] reinforce

[D] realize

8． They do not provide energy, nor do they construct or build any part of the

body. They are needed forfoods into energy and body maintenance.

There are thirteen or more of them, and if any is missing a deficiency disease

becomes apparent.

[A] shifting

[B] transferring

[C] altering

[D] transforming

9． Some canals, such as the Suez of the Panama, save ships weeks of time by

making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to

reach cities that are noton the coast, still other canals drain lands where

is too much water, help to irrigate fields where there is not enough water, and

furnish water power for factories and mills.

[A] lain

[B] stationed

[C] set

[D] located

10． Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its

development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers

have become important partly because of the many functions that might be

i________n a single large building.

[A] consisted

[B] contained

[C] composed

[D] comprised

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11． This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to

generate particular smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells

which sense smells and send to the brain.

[A] signs

[B] stimuli

[C] messages

[D] impulses

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12．The maximum penalty for trafficking has been changed from 14 years to life

imprisonment. This autumn, new laws, modeledUS legislation, will be

introduced to loosen banking and privacy regulations to facilitate investigation

and seizure of drug‐earned accounts.

[A] after

[B] upon

[C] against

[D] on

13． However, marriages between members of different groups (interclass,

interfaith, and interracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the

greater of today’s youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewer

prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to

attend college, serve in the armed forces, or pursue a career in a bigger city.

[A] mobility

[B] motive

[C] moral

[D] mission

14． In Germanic cultures punctuality is a sign of respect and politeness; being

late is rude. Germans believe people should be exactly on time, neither too early

nor too late. To the Indonesian, time is an endless pool; why be or hurry?

[A] pressured

[B] urged

[C] depressed

[D] spurred

15． Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no

nutritional use for vitamins. Many people, nevertheless, believe in being on

the“safe side”and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well ‐balanced diet will

usually meet all the body’s vitamin needs.

[A] exceptional

[B] exceeding

[C] excess

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[D] external

16． More families consist of one ‐parent households or two working

parents; , children are likely to have less supervision at home than was

common in the tra ditional family structure.

[A] contrarily

[B] consequently

[C] similarly

[D] simultaneously

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17． Nowadays, more people are living closer together, and they use machines to

produce leisure. As a result, they find that their leisure, and even their working

hours, become by a byproduct of their machines, namely, noise. Noise is in

the news; it has acquired political status, and public opinion is demanding,

more and more insistently, that something be done about it.

[A] damaged

[B] spoilt

[C] destroyed

[D] interfered

18． many instances, the people built special temples in which the

meteorites were to be worshipped. Meteorite worship was common long ago in

the Mediterranean area, and in Africa, India, Japan, and Mexico; such worship

still persists in some regions.

[A] On

[B] In

[C] About

[D] Of

19． Even though its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly

becoming a nation of part‐timers and temporary workers. This “disposable”

work force is the most importantin American business today, and it is

fundamentally changing the relationship between people and their jobs.

[A] approach

[B] flow

[C] fashion

[D] trend

20． Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to

represent sounds, reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the

sounds they stand for. These authorities contend that meaning, being

concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding

process.

[A] view

[B] look

[C] reassure

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[D]

agree

21．

For

most

men,

talk

is

primarily a

means to

preserve

in

dependence

and

negotiate

and

maintain

status

in a

hierarchical

social

order.

This

is

done

by

exhibiting

knowledge

and

skill,

and

by

center

stage

through

verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or imparting information.

From childhood, men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention.

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[A] holding

[B] exhibiting

[C] standing

[D] playing

练习四： 语法与词汇

1．The street in a small town is as crowded on market days as ________in a large city.

A. one

B. that

C. ones

D. these

2． ________ , photo synthesis is the ultimate source of food for almost all organisms

on earth.

A. It is an extremely important process

B. An extremely important process, it is

C. That an extremely important as

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D. An extremely important process

3． I will help you when I ________ my work.

A. finish

B. will finish

C. will have finished

D. have finished

4． When I try to understand _________ that prevents so many Americans from being

as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.

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A. why it does

B. what it does

C. what it is

D. why it is

5． He was not asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,_________

insufficiently popular with all members.

A. being considered

B. considering

C. to be considered

D. having considered

6． I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had i t been at all possible, but

_________ fully occupied the whole of last week.

A. were

B. had been

C. have been

D. was

7． I second his motion that we _________ a special board to examine.

A. shall set up

B. should set up

C. will set up

D. would set up

8． You seem to take a keener interest in the subject _________ ever been shown

before.

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A. than has

B. than have

C. that has

D. which had

9． It is true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer. We won’t take the new

one, _________ , because we don't feel as safe on it.

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A. somehow

B. though

C. therefore

D. otherwise

10．During the early period of ocean navigation, ________any need for sophisticated

instruments and techniques.

A. so that hardly

B. when there hardly was

C. hardly was

D. there was hardly

11． I have kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _________ twenty

years ago.

A. about

B. since

C. till

D. with

答案及详解

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练习一

1． answer for “对……负有责任”。句意：他没有执行合同中的某些条款，现在

他必须承担后果。

2． the approach to…为固定搭配， 意为“……方法 (途径) ” 。句意： 在有些况下

对同一科学问题不同研究方式会得出完全相悖的结论。

3． in bulk “成批地，不散装的”。

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4．at a discount of“按……折扣”。注意： “对(商品)打折扣”用 the discount on sth.，

如： The highest discount they can allow on this articl e is 10%。他们对这项商

品最多只能打 9 折。

5． discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止，使却步，使不敢做某事。

6． discriminate against“歧视” 。句意： 法律不能因为人种、信仰和肤色的不同而

有区别 。discriminate 的他搭配： discriminate between 区别……与… … ，

discriminate in favor of 对……特别好些。

7． subscribe 订阅(报刊)，后接 to。句意：我订阅了一份日报和一份周刊。

8． confer 在此意为“施与， 提供， 赋予”， 其搭配通常为 confer sth. on/upon sb. 。

9． on a.. mission“负有……使命”，为固定搭配。

10． in disguise“化了妆的，经过伪装的”。

11． be enthusiastic about“ 热衷于”。

12． preface to“ (……的) 序言， 前言”。

13． conform 意为“遵守；符合”，后常接介词 to，与 comply with 同义。句意：

一个公民应当遵守国家的法律。

14． hold to “信守，坚持”，相当于 keep to 。句意：我总是信守诺言。又如： We

shall hold firmly to what has already been agreed on. 我们将信守已经达成

的协议。

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15． remark on (upon)“对……发表评论”，如:Everyone remarked loudly on his

absence.人人对他的缺席大声发表议论。

16．remind sb. of“提醒某人……；使某人想起”，如:1)The photo reminds me of my

late mother.这张照片使我回想起已故的母亲。 2) Please remind me to buy

some bread on the way home.

17． in no mood for/to do “没有……的情绪干某事”，其反义词是 in the mood

for/to do“有……的情绪干某事”。

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18． be subjected to“遭受……”。句意：人们应注意减少受强烈持续噪音影响的

时间。

19． consist in “在于，存在于”； consist of “由……组成”。

20． sympathize “赞同”， 与介词 with 连用， 后接“某人的意见， 想法”等 。句意：

我丈夫赞同我搬进新家的建议。

21． entitle 常用被动语态的形式表示“有权 (做某事) ”， 即 be entitledto do sth.

或“被给予某种资格”，即 be entitled to sth. 。句意：如果你和保险公司没有

签订为你的货物保险的合同，你无权要求偿还在运输过程中受损货物的货

款。

22． evidence 是不可数名词，表示“证据”讲，词组 on (good) evidence 表示“依

据(充分的)证据”，为固定搭配。

23． irrelevant (to sth.)“ (与某事物)不相关的，无关系的，不切题 ”，为固定搭

配。如： What you say is irrelevant to the subject. 你说的话不切题。

24． relieve sb. of sth.“减压，解除某人……；帮助某人提、拿(东西) ”。

练习二

1． 句意：直到那时，他的兴趣几乎都只集中在完全掌握他这一行的技艺、技巧

上了。 exclusively 指“单独， 唯一地， 只， 专门地”， 符合题意。 [A] restrictively

意为“限定地”， [B] radically 指“根本地， 彻底地”， [C] inclusively 指“包含在内

地，包含一切地”。

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2． condemn 常用于较正式的、严肃的场合， 意味着从道义上或原则上的“谴责”；

[A] blame“埋怨， 责怪”； [B] reproach“责备”，往往只是一种表示不满的意见；

[C] scold“责骂，训诉”。

3． 这组词虽都有前缀 trans‐， 但词根不同， 词义也大不相同； [A] transfer 转移，

指从一处移到另一处，常指升迁，搬迁等； [B] transport“运输”， 指用火车、

船只等交通工具输送人员或货物到达另一地方； [C] transform“使变形， 使改

观”； [D] transmit“传送”，强调一种设备或其他媒介物的传导、输送能力。

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4． initiate“创造，开始”。句意：政府将着手教育体制的改革。这是一组词形相

似的词， 注意区分其词性及词义 。[B]initial“最初的， 开始的”； [C] initiative

“主动、进取的精神”； [D] intimate“亲密的，个人的”。

5 ．句意：他说他的政府还没有委任任何代表。 [A] delegation 和[D]mission 都可

以表示代表团。 delegation 是一般用词，主要是指以大众的名义被派往某地

去完成某工作、任务的代表团。 mission 可以是负有某种特殊使命，或是被

派往国外去完成某一官方使命的一群人， 它往往侧重于官方的某一重要任

务。

6． remove 的内涵较窄， 仅指从某处移走不要的东西， 即“除去”； [A]move 泛指

把某物从一处移到另一处； [C] skim 多指沿液体的表面掠过， 即“撇去”； [D]

strip 是“剥掉”衣服等。

7． mobile 表示“ ( 自由) 移动， 变动 (位置或地点) 的”， 含主动意味， 如： mobile

medical team 流动的医疗队。 [A] movable 表示“可(被)移动的”，含被动意

思， 如： The heavy box is movable. 这个重箱子搬得动。 [B] moving 表示“(正

在) 移动的”或“动人的”， 如： moving pictures 影片， 电影； [D] motional 是

motion 的形容词形式，表示“ (有关)运动的”。

8． amend 指修改规则、 议案等。 句意： 委员会建议修改联合国宪章。 [A] correct

一般指改正错误； [B] revise 指对书稿进行审查以便发现是否需要修正、修

改， 如： They are revising the earlier edition of his textbook. 他们正在修订他

原先出版的教科书。 [D] edit“编辑，剪辑”。

9． anonymous“匿名的， 无名的”。句意：他试图弄清写这封匿名信的人的身份。

[A] unanimous“ 一 致 的， 异 口 同 声 的 ”； [C] infamous“ 无 耻 的 ”；

[D]autonomous“自治的，自理的”。

10．neglect 可表示故意或无意地“疏忽， 忘记”，后面可接不定式： neglect to dosth.

表示“忘记做 (某事) ”； 而[A] ignore 和[B] disregard 则常指有意识地“置之

不理，不顾”。如： They ignored traffic regulations. 他不遵守交通规则。 He

disregarded my warnings and got into trouble. 他不听我的劝告， 结果陷入麻

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烦之中。[D] overlook 是“看漏，忽略”。如：The teacher overlooked two spelling

mistakes in my composition.我的作文有两处拼写错误，老师没看出来。

11． 句意： 这本书总的目标是为了帮助弥合研究与教学， 尤其是研究人员与教师

之间的差别。 overall 意为“总的”， 可与 goal 搭配使用。 [B]intensive 指“强化

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的， 集中的， 深入细致的”， [C] joint 指“共同的， 联合的”， [D] concise 意为

“简明的，简洁的”。

12． possess“占有， 拥有”， 既可指某人对某物具有所有权与支配权， 也可指具

有才能、特点、品质、性格、财产等。句意：英语语言在描述这一情景方

面有一生动形象的表达法。 [A] own“拥有”，表示合法或天生地拥有某物，

不能用抽象意义； [B] contain“包含， 容纳”， 强调包含于某一事物中； [C]

hold“拥有，持有”，指更有力地控制、掌握或保持。

13． priority“优先权； 重点， 优先考虑的事”。[A] superiority“优越性”， 指状态或

质量上优于、 高于、 大于等。 如：The superiority of these goods to the others

is easy to see. [B] inferiority“低劣，卑下，劣根性”，为[A]的反义词，如：

We are slowly becoming conscious of his long buried feelings of

inferiority.[D] minority“少数派， 少数民族”， 如： Members of 21 minorities

live in this area 。

14． component 尤指用于机械装置的(组)成(部)分。 [A] composition 尤用

于指物体内在固有的不可分割的(组)成(部)分； [B] ingredient 主要指

混合物之成分， 如： 蛋糕的一种“成分”(ingredient) 是糖， 糖的“成分”

(compositions)有氢等； [C] compound“混合物”。

15． exceed 单纯指数字、程度等方面超出一定界限、限度。用于有比较或与他

人竞赛时的超过则用 surpass 。试比较： The car exceeded the speed limit 。

那辆车超速。 His car surpasses mine in speed. 他的车比我的车跑得快。这

是因为 exceed 原义为“go out (of)”；surpass 原义为“pass over”(sur=over) 。

[A] transcend“超越， 超出”，着重指明显超出了某种惯常界限、 标准或程度；

[D] overtake“赶上，超过”，指追赶上或超过某人、车辆等。

16． 前半句的 All theories 和后半句的 to criticism 有被动意味， 可推断出此处应

填入含有“遭到， 遭受”之类意思的词语。 subject to，表示“使经历； 使遭受”，

符合题意。

17． region 偏重行政区划，尤指大的行政地区，如： Hong Kong Special

Administrative Region 香港特别行政区。 [B]district 亦指行政区域，但较

region 小，尤指城市内的小区，如： the Haidian District 海淀区； [C] area

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泛指任何一片地方； [D] zone“地区， 地带”， 指一小片或者圈起来的一片地

区。

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18． [D] rot 和[B] decay 都指“腐烂”，“腐朽”， rot=decay by process ofnature, 如：

rotteneggs 臭鸡蛋； rotten apples 烂苹果。一般说来，经过加工的食物或

泛指食物“变(腐败) ”用 spoil 或 go bad；未加工的用 rot 。 [A] damage“损

害”，不用来指食物。

19． consequence“后果”，常用以指随 ……而产生的后果。 [B] ending“ (戏剧、小

说等的)结局，结尾”； [C] result“结果”，指某种原因所产生的最终结果；

[D] outcome“结果，结局”，有“见分晓”的意思。

20． establish 多指建立国家、政府、学校等， 或确定信仰， 树立名声、威望等，

本句中指名声的树立。句意：他作为一个进步作家的名声是大家公认的。

[A] build 多指建筑房屋、道路、桥梁等； [C] erect 竖立，指修建有一定高

度或立体的建筑物； [D] construct 强调建设规模较大，结构复杂与技术要

求较高的建筑。

21．stationary 和[C] stationery 拼写很相似， 但意思完全不一样。[B] stationary“固

定的； 不动 (变) 的”，主要用做形容词；作名词时意为固定的或不动的人

或物。 [C] stationery 主要用做名词，意为“文具；信笺”。句意：一只很大

的猫在一辆静止的汽车顶部注视着我们。 [A] motionless 一词是由 motion

加后缀构成。 motion 一般指抽象的运动，或科学上所讲的与“静止”相对应

的运动； [D] static 是物理学上所谓的“静态的”。

22． successive 和 consecutive 均表示“连续的”， [B] consecutive 表示紧接的连

续，时间上无间断； [A]successive 指一系列单独的事件，次序上间断，时

间上可以有也可以无间隔。 因此， 可以说 three consecutive/successive days

连续 3 天，却只能说 three successive Sundays 连续 3 个周日。 [C] excessive

“过多的”； [D] immense“巨大的”。

23 ．句意：在修筑这个水坝时，江水被改道进入新的水道。 [A]turn 是常用词，

词义较多， 有转动， 旋转， 转方向， 改变等意思； [B] switch 也有“转”之意，

但它是指转轨，转变之意，如： to switch the conversation 改变谈话内容；

[C] shift“转动， 转换”， 如： shift a burden from one shoulder to the other 把

担子从一个肩上换到另一个肩上；河流、公路等的“改道”通常用 divert。

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24 ．句意：在连锁反应中释放的能量转化成了热能。 [B] release“释放”为正确答

案。 [A] convey 指“运送， 输送； 传达”。[C] transfer 意为“ (从……往……)

运送，转移；调任”。 [D] deliver 指“递送，传送”。

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练习三

1． questions 与 answers 搭配，意思是“这些问题的答案”。

2．本题前半部分出现了“information socie ty”这个短语，空格处实际上是用

来具体解释和说明 information society 的同义词或近义词。四个选项中，

context 除了指“ (文章的)上下文，前后关系”，也可指“某一事件或行为

发生的一般环境或背景”，为最佳选项。

3．空格后的定语从句的语义特别是 achieving success 及 accomplishments 提

供了足够的线索，说明此处应填 confidence。

4．本题[C]、 [D]词义不符上下文逻辑， 首先排除，而 care 和 concern 虽然都有

“关注”的意思， 但 concern 涉及责任 (something you have a duty to be involved

in)，与本文讲的特定空间设计与室内设计者的任务相符，而 care 无此意，

且与其前的 important basic 不搭配，所以选[B]。

5． in essence“在本质上”。 [A] by chance“偶然”； [B] so far“迄今为止”； [D] in

addition“此外”。

6． 本句中引入 Chris Reidy 的观点，政府要实施的计划必须能照顾到方方面面，

这样才能满足他们的不同需求。而 comprehensive programs 意为“全面的规

划”，所以选[B]。

7． reinforce“加强”，符合上下文意思。 [A] confirm“证实”； [B] force“迫使”； [D]

realize“实现”。

8． transform“改变，改造，转变”，常和 into 连用。通常指深刻的改变。根据上

下文， 将 food 转变为 energy，显然是原来的物质起了本质的改变， 故选[D]。

[A]shift“转移， 移动”， 不与 into 搭配使用。 [B]transfer“转移， 传输， 调动”，

常与 from…to…或 to 连用。 [C]alter“改变，变化”，也不与 into 连用。

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9． locate“位于”。 [A] lie 不用被动式； [B] station“驻扎于”； [C] set“放

置于”。

10． 本题四个选项中， [A] consist of (in)， [C] compose (of) 不符合上下文结构，

首先排除；而[B] contain 和[D] comprise 都有“由……构成”的意思，但只有

contain 具有“包含， 内含”(have within itself) 的意思， 符合文意， 所以选[B]。

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11． 本句描述的是构成气味接受器的细胞的活动， 由常识可知， 这些细胞感知到

气味以后， 就会向大脑传递所获得的信息。 而在各选项中， 能正确表达这一

概念的只有[C]message 一词。因此，本词的正确选项是 [C]。

12．“以什么为基础或模式”，用 to model on 来表示，故选[D]。

13． 据常识 (美国人口流动性强) 和逻辑推理可知， mobility“流动性”是正确答

案。 [B] motive“动机，动因”； [C] moral“教训，寓意”； [D] mission“使命，

任务”。

14． pressure“对……施加压力”， 符合文意， 最后一句意为“对于印度尼西亚人来

说， 时间就像一个没有尽头的池塘， 为什么给自己施加如此的压力， 这么匆

匆忙忙呢？ ”[B] urge“催促， 加力”； [C] depress“压抑”； [D] spur“刺激， 激励”。

15． excess“额外的，超额的，多余的”，并与下文中的 extra 相呼应。第一句意

为：“虽然多余的维生素对身体没有营养作用， 但吸收足够的维生素对生命

至关重要。 ”[A] exceptional“不寻常的，例外的”； [B] exceeding“超越的，非

常的”； [D] external“外部的，外面的”。

16． 本句的意思是父母要工作， 结果孩子没人管 。[A] contrarily“反之， 相反地”；

[C] similarly“类似地”； [D] simultaneously“同时，一起”。这三项均不符合题

意， [B] consequently“结果”为最佳选项。

17． [A] damage“破坏，损坏”和[C] destroy“毁坏，毁灭”后面都不接 leisure 和

working hours 这类表示时间的词做宾语。 [D]interfere“干涉， 干扰， 妨碍”。

[B] spoil 常与表示时间或活动的词搭配，意为“破坏”， 如： The bad weather

spoilt our holidays.

18．本题考查固定搭配 in many instances,“在许多情况下”，所以选择[B]。

19． trend“潮流，趋势”。常指发展的方向或是社会发展的潮流。句意：这种“可

任意处置的”劳动力在当今美国商界是最重要的动向。 [A] approach“办法， 靠

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近”； [B] flow“流动”； [C] fashion“时尚；风气；式样”，一般是指受到人们极

大注意或崇尚的事件，如时装潮流等。

20． view … as …“把……看做……”。

21． hold the stage 为固定搭配，指没完没了地讲话，其他三项均不合文意。

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练习四

1．该题考查代词用法。根据句意，空格处所填之词应指代其前面的 thestreet，

所以排除 C、D 选项(复数指代)，而 one 常指代可数名词，为不确定指代，

that 常用来指代可数或不可数名词，为确定指代，故答案选 B。

2． 该题考查句子结构。 题干中 photo synthesis 意为“光合作用”， 根据选项可知，

空格处所填内容是 photo synthesis 的同位语形式， 选项 A、B 不合句子结构，

C 选项不合说法。故答案为 D。

3．该题考查时态用法。根据时态一致原则排除 B、C 选项，另外现在完成时态

用于时间或条件状语从句表示将来完成动作， 故选 D。又如： I will return the

book if I have finished it.

4． 该题考查句子结构。 根据题干，“ _____ight expect”在句中做 understand

的宾语。宾语从句可由连接词 that 引导， that 仅起连接作用，常可省略。若

连接词在句中兼起一个句子成分的作用， 则应使用 what, how, when, why,

who, which, where 等连词，但要用陈述语气，根据句意答案为 C，连接词在

句中做表语。

5． 该句考查非谓语动词 。该句主语为 He， consider 与主语之间的关系是被动关

系，因此排除 B、D 选项，而选项 C 表示将来，故答案为 A。

6 ．该题考查句子结构。根据题意， but 前是一与过去相反假设的虚拟语气，而

其后从句意看是一真实条件句并且出现过去的时间状语，故答案为 D。

7． 该题考查虚拟语气 。题干中 motion 意为“建议”， 在其后的同位语从句中谓语

动 词 用 (should)+V 原； 类 似 的 名 词 还 有 suggestion, proposal, advice,

recommendation, demand 等。

8．该题考查句子结构 .根据题干中的 keener 可知答案为 A、B 选项， 同时由于 than

后省略了主语 interest，故答案为 A。该句中 than 引导的无主语从句相当于

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关系代词 as 引导的定语从句，因此该句可改为： Youseem to takea keener

interest in the subject, as has ever been shown before.

9．该题考查句意理解。根据句意分析，空格处所填之词与 it is longer

是让步关系， 表明尽管绕路弯多还有点远， 但我们还是不愿 意走新路。 故答

案为 B。

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10．该题考查句子结构。可以看出 during avigation 在句中做状语，

如果选择 B 选项该句没有主句， 所以本题是一简单句， 选项 A 、C 不符合倒

装结构，故答案为 D。

11．该题考查定语从句。该句中 whom ago 是定语从句修饰 a girl，而在

定语从句中谓语动词的宾语不能直接是 a girl，即要接一个介词 with，其他

选项不符合题意，故答案为 D。

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