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2023年12月23日发(作者:正则表达式换行符号)
2019年6月大学英语六级真题及答案完整版(卷一)
Part I Writing
1、【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay
on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You can cite examples to
illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
【答案】What is the most important quality for learning? From my perspective, what
we need are motivation and methods.
Motivation refers to desire and determination in people to be continually interested
in and committed to certain aims. It is an indispensable part of learning. If we
want to complete heavy school work, motivation is a necessity. Without motivation,
it is hard to overcome difficulties. The inventor of the electric bulb, one of the
famous scientists in the world, Thomas Edison, is a good case in point. Before the
bulb came into being, he had failed thousands of times. With motivation, he finally
lit the whole world.
With motivation we also need proper methods to study efficiently. Generally speaking,
the more effectively you study, the greater success you will achieve. Method is a
great element of learning. Without proper methods, we may go nowhere in our pursuit
of success in study.
In a word, motivation and methods play a vital role in successful study. The same
is true of other aspects of our life, such as friendship, love and career. As the
saying goes:" Motivation is what gets you started. Methods are what helps you keep
going."[page]
PartⅡ Listening Comprehension
听力答案:
[page]
Part Ⅲ Reading Section A
Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the
carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For
years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a _____(27), to cut
calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar _____(28)up.
The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo
and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables,
fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been
_____(29)by clean-eating experts.
But now a _____(30)review and analysis of _____(31)studies by Canadian researchers
found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can
help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found
that pasta had been unfairly demonized(妖魔化)because it had been _____(32)in with
other, more fit-promoting carbohydrates.
"The study found that pasta didn't 3 to weight gain or increase in body fat," said
lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. "In _____(33)the evidence, we can now say with some
confidence that pasta does not have an _____(34)effect on body weigh outcomes when
it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually
showed a small weigh loss _____(35)to concerns. Perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy
diet
Those involved in the _____(36)trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week
instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost
around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.
27、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】I
28、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】L
29、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】B
30、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】N
31、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】G
32、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】E
33、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】O
34、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】A
35、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】D
36、【题干】_____.
【选项】
e
oned
al
ry
bute
te
ied
m
ing
ng
ibe
atic
ng
【答案】C[page]
Part Ⅲ Reading Section B
The Best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks
[A] Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The
depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large
retail stores like Macy's, Nordstrom, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour
of an intensive care unit. The interact is apparently taking down yet another
industry. Brick and mortar stores(实体店)seem to be going the way of the yellow pages.
Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales
surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.
[B] But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should
consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleading. It was an
increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by
a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.
[C] More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau
tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in
the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales
shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 and 2016.
[D] So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all
the retail executives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a
Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the
Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores,
depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?
[E] Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry
is getting reinvented, as we describe in our new book Matchmakers. It's standing
in the Path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. That
storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large
retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy's put it recently, "We're
frankly scratching our heads."
[F] But it's not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the bubble,
brick and mortar retail was one of those industries the internet was going to kill-and
quickly. The dot corn bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years
that followed, on-ventional retailers' confidence in the future increased as Census
continued to report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.
[G] It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn't a simple battle
to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work
for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected
tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the
new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory,
to marketing, to getting paid.
[H] More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's
massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon's small
steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at
night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that
are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways.
[I] Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it's also not happening on what
used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have happened
quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned
newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren't quick,
and some haven't really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks
like the interact will transform the economy at something like the pace of other
great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn't move mainly
online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2016, but that doesn't
mean it won't do so over the next few decades.
[J] But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years,
even though it hasn't been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is
a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don't need
to go to as many stores to find what they want. There's a surplus of physical shopping
space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing.
[K] The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to
the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice.
Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy.
Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about
everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all
the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily
see if there's a better deal online or at another store nearby.
[L] So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this
is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon
and its smaller online rivals. Many are having the same problem that newspapers have.
Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to
compensate for what they are losing offline.
[M] A few seem to be making this work. Among large traditional retailers, Walmart
recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy's,
Target, and Nordstrom's dropped. Yet Walmart's year-over-year online sales only grew
7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), "Growth here is too slow." Part of the
problem is that almost two decades after Amazon filed the one click patent, the online
retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions. A recent study graded
more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and
pay. Almost half of the sites didn't get a passing grade and only 18 percent got
an A or B.
[N] The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census
data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are
unreliable. Our deep 100k into those data and their preparation revealed serious
problems. It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online
sales. It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major
traditional retailers like Walmart with non-store retailers"1ike food trucks. can
mask major changes in individual retail categories. The bureau could easily present
their data in more useful ways. but they have chosen not to.
[O] Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won't disappear any time soon. The big
questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on
the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves,
which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping
malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail
category. Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. Whether they should bet
on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter.
37.【题干】Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half
of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers,
according to a recent survey.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】M
38.【题干】Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional
retailing to create new retail models.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】G
39.【题干】Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks
has been dropping.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】D
40.【题干】Innovative—driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as
quickly as widely anticipated.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】I
41.【题干】Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's
share of the retail business.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】C
42.【题干】Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models
may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】H
43.【题干】Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when
the dot com bubble burst.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】F
44.【题干】Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional
retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】O
45.【题干】With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are likely to
suffer the same fate as i the yellow pages.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】A
46.【题干】The wide use of smartphones has made it more complex for traditional
retailers to reinvent their business.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】K[page]
Part Ⅲ Reading Section C
Passage One
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage
Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial
intelligence (AI) will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to
humanity", and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to
researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilization
and our species."
Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of
Intelligence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that
will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace
of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,"
Hawking said, “which, let's face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it's
a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence."
While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising
concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates
a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the
positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating
intelligence are huge," he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our
own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological
revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world
by the last one – industrialization. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate
disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short,
success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilization."
Huw Price, the centre's academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of
philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that
the centre came about partially as a result of the university's Centre for
Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems or
humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.
AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex,
praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic
wasn't taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting," she
said, “but it has limitations, which present grace dangers given uncritical use."
The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI
as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry,
most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about
the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.
47.【题干】What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?
【选项】
would be vital to the progress of human civilization.
might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.
might present challenges as well as opportunities.
would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.
【答案】B
48.【题干】What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?
【选项】
would accelerate the process of AI research.
would mark a step forward in the AI industry.
was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.
was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.
【答案】C
49.【题干】What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?
【选项】
shift of research focus from the past to the future.
shift of research from theory to implementation.
greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.
increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.
【答案】A
50.【题干】What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?
【选项】
may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.
may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.
-intelligence may cause its own destruction.
-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.
【答案】D
51.【题干】What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?
【选项】
are much influenced by the academic community.
are most likely to benefit from AI development.
share the same concerns about AI as academic.
believe they can keep AI under human control.
【答案】C
Passage Two
Question 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30
billion by next year, and startups(初创公司)want in on the action. What they
sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products.
So Brookdale, the country's largest owner of retirement communication, has been
inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their
products and hear what the residents have to say.
That's what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room
of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and
marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup's product, Sentab TV,
enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video
chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.
“It's nothing new, it's nothing too complicated and it's natural because lots of
people have TV remotes," says Rodriguez.
But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead,
Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and
how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as
learning to play mahjong(麻将).
Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling them
something. “I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. “Playing pool,
playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better “than going through
a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure
I'm not selling them something – there'll be more honest feedback from them."
Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale's 1,100
senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind
of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with
disabilities to dress and undress themselves.
Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it
might be good for someone, but not for her.
“I have the computer and Face Time, which I talk with my family on," she explains.
She also has an iPad and a smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to
do."
To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic(害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one
is located in the heart of Southern California's aerospace corridor. Many residents
have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.
But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this
Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought."
And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?
52.【题干】What does the passage say about the startups?
【选项】
never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.
want to have a share of the seniors' goods market.
invite seniors to their companies to try their products.
try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.
【答案】B
53.【题干】Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to .
【选项】
an interview with potential customers
t a survey of retirement communities
t residents' feedback on their products
senior residents how to use IT products
【答案】C
54.【题干】What do we know about Sentab TV?
【选项】
is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.
is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.
is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.
is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.
【答案】D
55.【题干】What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?
【选项】
g trust from prospective customers.
g the likes and dislikes of customers.
trating their superiority on the spot.
ding promptly to customer feedback.
【答案】A
56.【题干】What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?
【选项】
of them are interested in using the Sentab.
are quite at ease with high-tech products.
have much in common with seniors elsewhere.
of them enjoy a longer life than average people.
【答案】B
Part IV Translation
57、【题干】成语是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。因为,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
【答案】Chinese idiom is a unique way of expression in Chinese, mostly composed of
four Chinese characters. Although highly concise and fixed in form, they usually
entail profound meanings. Most idioms stem from ancient Chinese literature and are
usually related with certain myths, legends or historical events. It is difficult
to understand its exact meaning with little knowledge of its origin as learning
idioms helps people better understand Chinese traditional culture. Idioms are widely
used in daily conversation and literary creation. Proper use of idioms can make a
person's language more expressive and help to deliver a more effective
communication.
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