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2023年12月23日发(作者:正则表达式换行符号)

2019年6月大学英语六级真题及答案完整版(卷一)

Part I Writing

1、【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay

on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You can cite examples to

illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

【答案】What is the most important quality for learning? From my perspective, what

we need are motivation and methods.

Motivation refers to desire and determination in people to be continually interested

in and committed to certain aims. It is an indispensable part of learning. If we

want to complete heavy school work, motivation is a necessity. Without motivation,

it is hard to overcome difficulties. The inventor of the electric bulb, one of the

famous scientists in the world, Thomas Edison, is a good case in point. Before the

bulb came into being, he had failed thousands of times. With motivation, he finally

lit the whole world.

With motivation we also need proper methods to study efficiently. Generally speaking,

the more effectively you study, the greater success you will achieve. Method is a

great element of learning. Without proper methods, we may go nowhere in our pursuit

of success in study.

In a word, motivation and methods play a vital role in successful study. The same

is true of other aspects of our life, such as friendship, love and career. As the

saying goes:" Motivation is what gets you started. Methods are what helps you keep

going."[page]

PartⅡ Listening Comprehension

听力答案:

[page]

Part Ⅲ Reading Section A

Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the

carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For

years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a _____(27), to cut

calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar _____(28)up.

The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo

and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables,

fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been

_____(29)by clean-eating experts.

But now a _____(30)review and analysis of _____(31)studies by Canadian researchers

found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can

help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found

that pasta had been unfairly demonized(妖魔化)because it had been _____(32)in with

other, more fit-promoting carbohydrates.

"The study found that pasta didn't 3 to weight gain or increase in body fat," said

lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. "In _____(33)the evidence, we can now say with some

confidence that pasta does not have an _____(34)effect on body weigh outcomes when

it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually

showed a small weigh loss _____(35)to concerns. Perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy

diet

Those involved in the _____(36)trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week

instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost

around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.

27、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】I

28、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】L

29、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】B

30、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】N

31、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】G

32、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】E

33、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】O

34、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】A

35、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】D

36、【题干】_____.

【选项】

e

oned

al

ry

bute

te

ied

m

ing

ng

ibe

atic

ng

【答案】C[page]

Part Ⅲ Reading Section B

The Best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks

[A] Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The

depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large

retail stores like Macy's, Nordstrom, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour

of an intensive care unit. The interact is apparently taking down yet another

industry. Brick and mortar stores(实体店)seem to be going the way of the yellow pages.

Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales

surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.

[B] But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should

consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleading. It was an

increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by

a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.

[C] More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau

tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in

the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales

shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 and 2016.

[D] So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all

the retail executives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a

Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the

Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores,

depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?

[E] Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry

is getting reinvented, as we describe in our new book Matchmakers. It's standing

in the Path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. That

storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large

retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy's put it recently, "We're

frankly scratching our heads."

[F] But it's not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the bubble,

brick and mortar retail was one of those industries the internet was going to kill-and

quickly. The dot corn bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years

that followed, on-ventional retailers' confidence in the future increased as Census

continued to report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.

[G] It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn't a simple battle

to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work

for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected

tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the

new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory,

to marketing, to getting paid.

[H] More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's

massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon's small

steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at

night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that

are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways.

[I] Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it's also not happening on what

used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have happened

quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned

newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren't quick,

and some haven't really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks

like the interact will transform the economy at something like the pace of other

great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn't move mainly

online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2016, but that doesn't

mean it won't do so over the next few decades.

[J] But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years,

even though it hasn't been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is

a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don't need

to go to as many stores to find what they want. There's a surplus of physical shopping

space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing.

[K] The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to

the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice.

Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy.

Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about

everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all

the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily

see if there's a better deal online or at another store nearby.

[L] So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this

is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon

and its smaller online rivals. Many are having the same problem that newspapers have.

Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to

compensate for what they are losing offline.

[M] A few seem to be making this work. Among large traditional retailers, Walmart

recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy's,

Target, and Nordstrom's dropped. Yet Walmart's year-over-year online sales only grew

7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), "Growth here is too slow." Part of the

problem is that almost two decades after Amazon filed the one click patent, the online

retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions. A recent study graded

more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and

pay. Almost half of the sites didn't get a passing grade and only 18 percent got

an A or B.

[N] The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census

data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are

unreliable. Our deep 100k into those data and their preparation revealed serious

problems. It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online

sales. It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major

traditional retailers like Walmart with non-store retailers"1ike food trucks. can

mask major changes in individual retail categories. The bureau could easily present

their data in more useful ways. but they have chosen not to.

[O] Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won't disappear any time soon. The big

questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on

the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves,

which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping

malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail

category. Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. Whether they should bet

on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter.

37.【题干】Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half

of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers,

according to a recent survey.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】M

38.【题干】Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional

retailing to create new retail models.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】G

39.【题干】Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks

has been dropping.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】D

40.【题干】Innovative—driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as

quickly as widely anticipated.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】I

41.【题干】Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's

share of the retail business.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】C

42.【题干】Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models

may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】H

43.【题干】Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when

the dot com bubble burst.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】F

44.【题干】Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional

retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】O

45.【题干】With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are likely to

suffer the same fate as i the yellow pages.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】A

46.【题干】The wide use of smartphones has made it more complex for traditional

retailers to reinvent their business.

【选项】

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G

H.H

I.I

J.J

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

O.O

【答案】K[page]

Part Ⅲ Reading Section C

Passage One

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage

Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial

intelligence (AI) will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to

humanity", and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to

researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilization

and our species."

Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of

Intelligence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that

will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace

of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,"

Hawking said, “which, let's face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it's

a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence."

While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising

concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates

a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the

positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating

intelligence are huge," he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our

own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological

revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world

by the last one – industrialization. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate

disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short,

success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilization."

Huw Price, the centre's academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of

philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that

the centre came about partially as a result of the university's Centre for

Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems or

humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.

AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex,

praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic

wasn't taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting," she

said, “but it has limitations, which present grace dangers given uncritical use."

The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI

as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry,

most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about

the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.

47.【题干】What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?

【选项】

would be vital to the progress of human civilization.

might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.

might present challenges as well as opportunities.

would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.

【答案】B

48.【题干】What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?

【选项】

would accelerate the process of AI research.

would mark a step forward in the AI industry.

was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.

was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.

【答案】C

49.【题干】What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?

【选项】

shift of research focus from the past to the future.

shift of research from theory to implementation.

greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.

increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.

【答案】A

50.【题干】What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?

【选项】

may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.

may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.

-intelligence may cause its own destruction.

-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.

【答案】D

51.【题干】What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?

【选项】

are much influenced by the academic community.

are most likely to benefit from AI development.

share the same concerns about AI as academic.

believe they can keep AI under human control.

【答案】C

Passage Two

Question 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30

billion by next year, and startups(初创公司)want in on the action. What they

sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products.

So Brookdale, the country's largest owner of retirement communication, has been

inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their

products and hear what the residents have to say.

That's what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room

of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and

marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup's product, Sentab TV,

enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video

chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.

“It's nothing new, it's nothing too complicated and it's natural because lots of

people have TV remotes," says Rodriguez.

But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead,

Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and

how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as

learning to play mahjong(麻将).

Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling them

something. “I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. “Playing pool,

playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better “than going through

a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure

I'm not selling them something – there'll be more honest feedback from them."

Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale's 1,100

senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind

of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with

disabilities to dress and undress themselves.

Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it

might be good for someone, but not for her.

“I have the computer and Face Time, which I talk with my family on," she explains.

She also has an iPad and a smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to

do."

To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic(害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one

is located in the heart of Southern California's aerospace corridor. Many residents

have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.

But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this

Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought."

And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?

52.【题干】What does the passage say about the startups?

【选项】

never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.

want to have a share of the seniors' goods market.

invite seniors to their companies to try their products.

try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.

【答案】B

53.【题干】Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to .

【选项】

an interview with potential customers

t a survey of retirement communities

t residents' feedback on their products

senior residents how to use IT products

【答案】C

54.【题干】What do we know about Sentab TV?

【选项】

is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.

is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.

is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.

is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.

【答案】D

55.【题干】What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?

【选项】

g trust from prospective customers.

g the likes and dislikes of customers.

trating their superiority on the spot.

ding promptly to customer feedback.

【答案】A

56.【题干】What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?

【选项】

of them are interested in using the Sentab.

are quite at ease with high-tech products.

have much in common with seniors elsewhere.

of them enjoy a longer life than average people.

【答案】B

Part IV Translation

57、【题干】成语是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。因为,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。

【答案】Chinese idiom is a unique way of expression in Chinese, mostly composed of

four Chinese characters. Although highly concise and fixed in form, they usually

entail profound meanings. Most idioms stem from ancient Chinese literature and are

usually related with certain myths, legends or historical events. It is difficult

to understand its exact meaning with little knowledge of its origin as learning

idioms helps people better understand Chinese traditional culture. Idioms are widely

used in daily conversation and literary creation. Proper use of idioms can make a

person's language more expressive and help to deliver a more effective

communication.


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