安全工程专业外语翻译

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The major contributors in component technology have been the semi-conductor components．

（译为“起主要作用” ，不译“主要贡献者”。）

There are three steps which must be taken before we graduate from the integrated circuit technology.

（译为“完全掌握”，不译“毕业于”。）

The purpose of a driller is to holes.

（译为“钻孔”）

A single-point cutting tool is used to cut threads on engine lathes.

（译为“车”）

The major contributors in component technology have been the semi-conductor components．

（译为“起主要作用” ，不译“主要贡献者”。）

There are three steps which must be taken before we graduate from the integrated circuit technology.

（译为“完全掌握”，不译“毕业于”。）

The iron ore used to make steel comes from open-pit and underground mines.

（译为“炼钢”，不译“制造刚”。）

An insulator offers a very high resistance to the passage through which electric current goes.

（译为“很大阻力”，不译“高阻力”）

Mater can be changed into energy, and energy into mater.

物质可以转换为能，能也可以转化为物质。

The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest has the greatest.

最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。

If A is equal to D, A plus B equals D plus B.

若 A=D，则A+B=D+B。

The first electronic computers used vacuum tubes and other components, and this made the equipment very large and bulky.

第一代电子计算机使用真空管和其他元件，这使得设备又大又笨。

Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty.

氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。

The cost of such a power plant is a relatively small portion of the total cost of the development.

这样一个发电站的修建费用仅占该开发工程总费用的一小部分。

The resistance of the pipe to the flow of water through it depends upon the length of the pipe, the diameter of the pipe, and the

feature of the inside walls（rough or smooth）。

水管对通过的水流的阻力取决于下列三个因素：管道长度、管道直径、管道内壁的特性（粗糙或光滑）。

Heat from the sun stirs up the atmosphere, generating winds.

太阳发出的热能搅动大气，于是产生了风。

In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper the second.

一般来说，金属都是良导体，其中以银为最好，铜次之。

The world of work injury insurance is complex.

工伤保险是复杂的。

Any substance is made of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.

任何物质，不论是固体、液体或是气体，都是有原子组成的。

In the absence of force, a body will either remain at rest, or continue to move with constant speed in a straight line.

无外力作用，物体则保持静止状态，或作匀速直线运动。

A wire lengthens while it is heated.

金属丝受热则伸长。

Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.

几乎所有的物质都是热胀冷缩的。

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Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength.

不锈钢硬度大、强度高。

A change of state from a solid to a liquid form requires heat energy.

从固态变为液态需要热能。

The term laser stands for amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

“激光”这个术语指的是利用辐射的受激发射放大光波。

Both of the substances are not soluble in water.

这两种物质都不溶于水。

In this case the temperature in furnace is up.

在这种情况下，炉温就升高。

Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear.

这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。

The result of this experiment is much better than those of previous ones.

这次实验的结果比前几次的实验结果都好的多。

All structural materials behave plastically above their elastic range.

超过弹性极限时，一切结构材料都会显示出塑性。

The cutting tool must be strong, tough, hard, and wear resistant.

刀具必须具有足够的强度、硬度、韧性和耐磨性。

Both the compounds are acids, the former is strong, the latter is weak.

这两种化合物都是酸，前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。

This man-machine system is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of operation and the ease with which it can be maintained.

这种人机系统的主要特点是操作简单，容易维修。

It is demonstrated that dust is extremely hazardous.

已经证实，粉尘具有极大的危害。

The equations below are derived from those above.

下面的方程式是由上面的那些方程式推到出来的。

This experiment was a success.

这个试验是成功的。

The mechanical automatization makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.

机械自动化可以大大地提高劳动生产率。

A helicopter is free to go almost anywhere.

直升飞机几乎可以自由地飞到任何地方去。

Rapid evaporation at the heating surface tends to make the steam wet.

加热面上的迅速蒸发，往往使蒸汽的湿度变大。

Gases differ from liquids in that the former have greater compressibility than the latter.

气体和固体的区别，在于前者比后者有更大的压缩性。

Rubber is a better dielectric but a poorer insulator than air．

橡胶的介电性比空气好，但绝缘性比空气差。

Water has a density of 62.4 pounds per cubic foot．

水的密度是每立方英尺62.4磅。

Aluminum is very light in weight，being only One third as heavy as iron．

铝的重量很轻，只有铁的1/3。

The same signs and symbols of mathematics are used throughout the world

全世界都使用同样的数学计号和符号。

The prevention of many types of occupational diseases is distinctly within the realm of possibility．

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许多职业病显然可以预防。

Also present in solids are numbers of free electrons．

固体中也存在着大量的自由电子。

A semiconductor has a poor conductivity at room temperature，but it may become a good conductor at high temperature．

在室温下，半导体导电率差，但在高温下，它可能成为良导体。

The wide applications of computers affect tremendously the development of science and technology．

计算机的广泛应用，对科学技术的影响极大。

CMOS chips in computer work a thousand times more rapidly than nerve cells in the human brain．

电脑芯片的工作比人类大脑中的神经细胞要快1000倍。

In Britain the first stand-by gas-turbine electricity generator was in operation in Manchester in 1952．

英国的第一台辅助燃气发电机于1952年在曼彻斯特开始运转。

By 1914 Einstein had gained world fame．

1914年爱因斯坦已成了著名的科学家。

It was an amazing piece of scientific clairvoyance，comparable perhaps to Charles Babbage’S anticipation of the principle of

the computer．

这个理论在科学上充满了远见卓识，也许可以跟巴贝奇的计算机原理相提并论。

After more experiments，Galileo succeeded in making a much better telescope．

又做了一些实验之后，伽利略成功地制造了一架好得多的望远镜。

The result of his revolutionary design is that the engine is much smaller，works more smoothly，and has fewer moving parts．

由于他在设计上的革新，发动机变得小多了，工作得更平稳了，活动部件也少了。

The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator.

利用发电机可以把机械能重新转变成电能。

Television has been successfully sent by laser，too．

用激光发射电视也获得了成功。

The sun affects tremendously both the mind and body of a man．

太阳对人的身体和精神都有极大的影响。

A great contribution of Edison was the carbon microphone．

炭精传声器是爱迪生的一大贡献。

The production had considerable difficulty getting patent protection if it had no patent right．

如果产品没有专利权，要获得专利保护是相当困难的。

Fire protection engineers define the term explosion as an “effect” produced by a sudden violent expansion of gases．

消防工程师把爆炸定义为气体瞬时剧烈膨胀的效应。

We take steel as the leading engineering material．

我们把钢作为主要的工程材料。

As known to us，inertia is an absolute quality possessed by all bodies．

正如我们所知，惯性是所有物体都具有的一种绝对属性。

As have been found there are more than a hundred elements

已经发现，元素有一百多种。

Fire deals with such ideas as substance，temperature，explosion and combustion．

火灾涉及到诸如物质、温度、爆炸和燃烧之类的概念。

The weight of an object on the moon is not the same as its weight on the earth．

某一物体在月球上的重量与该物体在地球上的重量不一样。

A vector multiplied by a scalar quantity is a vector in the same direction as the original vector．

乘以标量的矢量是一个与原矢量同向的矢量。

The force of gravitational attraction between two bodies decrease as the distance between them increases．

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两物体之间的引力随着两物体之间的距离增大而减小。

As liquids and gases flow，they are called fluids．

由于液体和气体能流动，因此称为流体。

The wheel turns as fast as stable．

这只轮子旋转得又快又稳。

The development stage lasts as long as it needs to．

研制阶段需要持续多久，就持续多久。

Complicated as the problem is，it can be worked out in a few minutes by a computer．

尽管那个问题很复杂，计算机能在几分钟内将它解出。

Friction，as the term is understood in mechanics，is the resistance to relative motion between two bodies in contact．

正如大家在力学中所知，摩擦就是两个相接触的物体产生相对运动的阻力。

We found it necessary to use modern composite materials for tall buildings．

我们认为，采用现代复合材料建造高层建筑是必要的。

It is to reduce accidents that safety valves are designed．

正是为了减少事故，才设计了安全阀。

A new science，safety behavior，has emerged，and it is very closely allied to management and psychology．

出现了一门新兴学科——安全行为学，它与心理学和管理学关系密切。

The light is slowed down as it goes through the lens．

当光线穿入透镜时，速度就减慢下来。

Is a structure safe when loaded? It is a problem to be studied．

结构受载后还安全吗? 这是一个需要研究的问题。

Up to that time wood and stone were still the main building materials.

直到那时，木材和石头仍是主要建筑材料。

Plastics are light and strong and do not rust at all. That is why they find such wide uses in industry．

塑料既轻又牢，毫不生锈。这就是塑料在工业上如此广泛应用的原因。

Mild steel has a high tensile strength，this being 200 times that of concrete．

低碳钢具有很高的抗拉强度，大约是混凝土的抗拉强度的200倍。

Power is the rate that mechanical move is performed at．

功率是作机械运动的速率。

Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms．

物质由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。

An element is a simple substance that cannot be broken up into anything simpler．

元素是一种单质，它不能再分成任何更简单的物质。

Energy takes many forms，but all these forms can be induced to the statement that energy is the capacity to do work．

能量具有很多形式，但所有这些形式都可以归纳为这样一句话，即能量是做功的能力。

The idea that energy is conserved is the first law of thermodynamics．

能量守恒这一概念是热力学第一定律。

In 1905 Einstein worked out a theory that matter and energy were not completely different things．

1905年，爱因斯坦提出了一个理论：物质和能量并非完全不同的东西。

One of the advantages of concrete is that it can be easily shaped into any desired form．

混凝土的优点之一在于它易于制成所需的任何形状。

The law of electric current is that an electric current varies directly as the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance．

电流定律就是：电流与电压成正比，与电阻成反比。

It is generally believed that oil is derived from marine plant and animal life．

通常认为石油来源于海生动植物。

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The climate is very hot and dry that much evaporation takes place．

气候既很炎热又很干燥，因而产生大量的蒸发。

The parts are of enough strength that they may not break in use．

零件具有足够的强度，才不会在使用中破损。

What is large and what is small is only relative．

所谓大和小只是相对的。

hydrogen and oxygen are what make up water．

氢和氧是组成水的元素。

What is worrying the world greatly now is a possible shortage of coal，oil，natural gas，or other sources of fuel in the not too

distant future．

现在令全世界所担心的是，在不久的将来可能会出现煤、石油、天然气或其他能源的短缺。

One of the important problems to be solved is what material is most suitable for this particular part．

需要解决的重要问题之一是，对于这个特定的零件用什么材料最合适。

The temperature at the sun’s center is as high as 10, 000, 000℃.

太阳中心的温度高达摄氏一千万度。

This substance reacts three times as fast as the other one．

这一物质的反应速率比另一物质快两倍。

In case of electronic scanning the beam width is broader by a factor of two．

电子扫描时，波束宽度扩大一倍。

Whenever we double the force on a given object，we double the acceleration．

每当作用在某一给定物体上的力增加一倍，加速度也增加一倍。

A temperature rise of 100℃ increases the conductivity of a semiconductor by 50 times．

温度上升100℃，半导体的电导率就增加到50倍。

Since the first transatlantic telephone cable was laid the annual total of telephone calls between UK and Canada has increased

sevenfold．

自从第一条横跨大西洋的电缆敷设以来，英国与加拿大之间的年通话量增加了6倍。

The amount left was estimated to be again as much as all the zinc that has been mined．

当时估计，剩余的锌储量是已开采量的两倍。

The resistance of aluminum is approximately half again as great as that of copper for the same dimensions．

尺寸相同时，铝的电阻约为铜的一倍半。

The new equipment will reduce the error probability by seven times．

新设备的误差概率将降低到1/7。

The voltage has dropped five times．

电压降低了4/5。

The power output of the machine is twice less than its input．

该机器的输出功率比输入功率小1/2。

The pressure will be reduced to one-fourth of its original value．

压力将减少到原来数值的四分之一。

New booster can increase the pay load by 120﹪．

新型助推器能使有效负荷增加120﹪。

This year the factory has produced 250﹪ the number of color TV sets in 1985．

该厂今年生产的彩电是1985年的250﹪。

If a machine part is not well protected. it will become rusty after a period of time.

如果机器部件不好好防护，过一段时间后就会生锈。

Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another.

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每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。

Friction can be reduced and the life of the machine prolonged by lubrication.

润滑能减少摩擦，延长机器寿命。

Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter and that matter in turn，may be

created from energy.

近代科学的发现得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能量，能量又可以产生物质。

To explore the moon’s surface，rockets were launched again and again.

为了探测月球的表面，人们一次又一次地发射火箭。

Although the first synthetic materials were created little more than a hundred years ago，they can be found almost everywhere.

虽然第一批合成材料仅在100多年前才研制出来，但现在人们几乎到处都能见至它们。

Salt is known to have a very strong corroding effect on metals.

大家知道，盐对金属有很强的腐蚀作用。

It is believed to be natural that more and more engineers have come to prefer synthetic material to natural material.

愈来愈多的工程人员宁愿用合成材料而不用天然材料，人们相信这是很自然的。

In the watch making industry，the tradition of high precision engineering must be kept.

在钟表制造业中，必须保持高精度工艺的传统。

Attention has been paid to the new measures to prevent corrosion.

已经注意到采取防腐新措施。

The voltage is not controlled in that way.

电压不是用那样的方法控制的。

The metric system is now used by almost all countries in the world.

米制现在被全世界几乎所有的国家采用。

A molecule may be considered as the smallest particle of matter that can exit without changing its nature.

可以认为分子是在不改变物质性质的情况下能够存在的物质的最小微粒。

A color transmission contains the same information as a black and white transmission.

彩色传输所容纳的信息，和黑白传输容纳的信息一样。

Such liquid fuel rockets as are now being used for space research have t0 carry their own supply of oxygen.

像现在用于宇宙研究的这类液态燃料火箭，必须自己携带氧气。

A floating object displaces an amount of water whose weight equals that of the object.

浮体排开一定量的水，其重量等于该浮体的重量。

Gasoline is a fuel whose vapor is readily explosive.

汽油是一种燃料，其油汽很容易爆炸。

A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.

燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能够燃烧，并放出热量。

There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity and the ability to be magnetized.

某些金属既能导电，又能磁化。

A force can be shown by a straight line，the length of which stands for the magnitude of the force.

力可以用直线表示，其长度表示力的大小。

This type of meter is called a multimeter，which is used to measure electricity.

这种仪表称为万用表，用来测量电。

3）译成独立句。

Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully，which showed that the computation was accurate.

不过问题还是圆满地解决了，这说明计算很准确。

Transistors, which are small in size, can make previously large and bulky radios light and small.

体积小的晶体管使得先前那种大而笨的收音机变得又轻又小。

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Aluminum copper alloy which when heat-treated has good strength at high temperature is used for making pistons and

cylinder heads for automobiles.

由于铜铝合金经过热处理后具有良好的高温强度，所以用来制造汽车发动机的活塞与气缸盖。

Copper，which is widely used for carrying electricity, offers very little resistance.

铜的电阻很小，所以广泛地用来传输电力。

Friction，which is often considered as a trouble，is sometimes a help in the operation of machines.

摩擦虽然常被认为是一种麻烦，但有时却有助于机器的运转。

4. 译成表示条件的分句

For any machine whose input and output forces are known, its mechanical advantage can be calculated.

对于任何机器来说，如果知其输入力和输出力，就能求出其机械效益。

An improved design of such a large tower must be achieved which results in more uniformed temperature distribution in

it.

这种大型塔的设计必须改进，以保证塔内温度分布更为均匀。

6. 译成表示时间的分句

Electricity which is passed through the thin tungsten wire inside the bulb makes the wire very hot.

当电通过灯泡里的细钨丝时，会使钨丝达到很高的温度。

The sun heats the earth，which makes it possible for plants to grow.

太阳供给地球热能，这使植物生长有了可能。

To find the pressure we divide the force by the area on which it presses. which gives us the force per unit area.

欲求得压强，需把力除以它所作用的面积，从而得出单位面积上的压力。

As is mentioned above，the function of the device is wonderful.

如上所述，这种装置的功能十分出色。

These two pipes are not properly aligned，as you can see from that position.

这两根管子没有完全对直，这可以从那个位置上看出来。

The concept of energy leads to the principle of the conservation of energy，which unifies a wide range of phenomena in

the physical science.

对能量的理解导致了能量守恒定律，该定律统一了物理科学中相当众多的现象。We have come to the correct

conclusion that two volumes of hydrogen and one volume of oxygen are united into one volume of steam.

我们已得出正确的结论：两个体积的氢和一个体积的氧化合成一个体积的水蒸气。

Even the most precisely conducted experiments offer no hope that the results can be obtained without any error.

即使进行的是最精确的实验，也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。

Heat is always given out by one substance and taken in by another when heat-exchange takes place.

热交换发生时，总是某一物质释放热量，另一物质吸收热量。

The earth turns round its axis as it travels around the sun.

地球一面绕太阳运行，一面绕地轴回转。

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.

如果机器发生故障，就把电门关上。

Heat is always being transferred in one way or another，where there is any difference in temperature.

凡有温差的地方，热都会以这样或那样的方式传输

Where water resources are plentiful，hydroelectric power stations are being built in large numbers.

只要是水源充足的地方，就可以修建大批的电站。

It is hoped that solar energy will find wide application wherever it becomes available.

可以期望，太阳能将得到广泛的利用，以至于任何地方都可以使用。

To launch a space vehicle into orbit, a very big push is needed because the friction of air and the force of gravity are working

against it.

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要把宇宙飞行器送人轨道，需要施加很大推力，因为空气的摩擦力和地球引力对它起阻碍作用。

Because energy can be changed from one form into another，electricity can be changed into heat energy，mechanical energy，light energy，etc.

能量能从一种形式转换成另一种形式，所以电可以转变为热能、机械能、光能等。

Unless you know the length of one side of a square or a cube, you can not find out the square’s area or the cube’s volume.

除非已知一个正方形或一个正方体的边长，否则就无法求出这个正方形的面积或这个正方体的体积。

Iron or steel parts will rust，if they are unprotected.

铁件或钢件是会生锈的，如果不加保护的话。

Though we get only a relatively small part of the total power radiated from the sun，what we get is much more than enough for

our needs.

虽然我们仅得到太阳辐射总能量的一小部分，但是，与我们的实际需要量相比，这已绰绰有余了。

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed although its form can be changed.

能量既不能创造，也不能消失，尽管其形式可以转变。

The imitation of living systems，be it direct or indirect，is very useful for devising machines，hence the rapid development of

bionics.

对生物的模仿不管是直接的还是间接的，对于机械设计者都很有用处，因此仿生学才迅速发展。

A rocket must attain a speed of about five miles per second so that it may put a satellite in orbit.

火箭必须获得每秒大约5英里的速度以便把卫星送入轨道。

All the pans for this kind of machine must be made of especially strong materials in order that they will not break while in use.

为了使用时不致断裂，这种机器的所有部件都应该用特别坚固的材料制成。

Electronic computers work so fast that they can solve a very difficult problem in a few seconds.

电子计算机工作如此迅速，一个很难的题目几秒钟内就能解决。

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