初中英语语法归纳:介词短语的常见搭配

初中英语语法归纳：介词短语的常见搭配

一、“at+the+名词+of”的常见搭配

at the age of 在……岁时

I left school at the age of 18. 我中学毕业时18岁。

He got married at the age of 28. 他28岁时结婚。

【注】at the age of 有时也略成at age。如：

She reads books already at age five. 她5岁已能读书了。

At age 70, he retired and moved to Florida. 他70岁退休，并搬到佛罗里达州。

at the beginning of 在……开始时

The war broke out at the beginning of the 20th century. 战争爆发于20世纪之初。

At the beginning of a book there is often a table of

contents. 在一本书的开头常常有个目录。

【注】若没有介词of，at the beginning则表示“在开始时”。如：

He didn’t like it at the beginning. 开始他并不喜欢它。

at the bottom of 在……的底部，在……的尽头，在……的最后；是……的原因

Sign your name at the bottom of the page. 请在这页的最后签上你的名字。

We grow vegetables at the bottom of our garden. 我们在花园的尽头种蔬菜。

He is at the bottom of the class. 他在班上排名最后。

Wine is at the bottom of his illness. 饮酒是他生病的根本原因。

【注】若没有介词of，at the bottom则表示“在底部”“在最后”等。如：

He fell down the stairs, landing in a heap at the

bottom. 他从楼梯上摔下来，直跌到楼梯底部滚成一团。

at the cost of 以……为代价

He finished the work at the cost of his health. 他把工作完成了，但身体却垮了。

He saved his daughter from the fire, but only at the cost

of his own life. 他从大火中救出他女儿，但却牺牲了自己的生命。

at the end of 在……的末端（末尾）

At the end of the street you’ll find the hospital. 在街的尽头，你可以找到那家医院。

The crowd stood up and cheered at the end of the

concert. 音乐会结束的时候，人群起立欢呼。

【注】若没有介词of，at the end则表示“在最后”“在末尾”等。如：

I think the film is a bit weak at the end. 我认为这部电影的末尾差一些。

at the expense of 以……为代价；由……出钱

He devoted his time to football at the expense of his

studies. 他把时间花在踢足球上而影响了学习。

He travelled at the expense of the state. 他用国家的钱旅行。

at the foot of 在……的脚下（末端）

At the foot of the mountain there was an inn. 山脚下有家客栈。

Spare blankets lay at the foot of each bed. 每张床的床尾都放有备用毛毯。

at the mention of 一提到……就

He brightened up at the mention of wine. 一提到有酒他就面露喜色。

He pales at the mention of these things. 一提到这些事他就脸色发白。

at the mercy of 任由……摆布或控制

The ship was at the mercy of the storm. 船在暴风雨中失去控制。

She was not free of him and was at his mercy. 她还没有摆脱他，还受他的控制。

at the peak of 在……的顶峰

She’s at the peak of her career. 她正处于她事业的顶峰。

She was at the peak of her playing career when she injured

herself. 她受伤时正处于运动事业的顶峰。

at the point of 正要，在……之际

We were at the point of going when he arrived. 他到达时我们正要离开。

【注】在实际使用时，其中的介词at通常换成on。如：

He is on the point of breathing his last. 他快要断气了。

I was on the point of going to bed when you rang. 你来电话时我正要睡觉。

at the rate of 以……的比例，以……的速度

You will be paid at the rate of $10 a day. 你将获得每天10美元的工资。

We drove at the rate of 30 miles an hours. 我们以每小时30英里的速度行驶。

at the request of 应……的请求

He came at our request. 他是应我们的请求来的。

He was writing at the request of Mr. Liu. 他是应刘先生的请求写信的。

at the risk of 冒着……的危险

He saved the girl at the risk of his life. 他冒着生命危险抢救那女孩。

He told me the news at the risk of losing his job. 他冒着丢饭碗的危险告诉了我这个消息。

at the sight of 一看到……就

At the sight of the chicks down flew the eagle. 看到小鸡，老鹰一下子飞了下来。

Father was happy at the sight of the car after we cleaned

it. 爸爸看见了我们擦过的车非常高兴。

【注】有时可省略其中的定冠词。如：

At (the) sight of the police officers the men ran off. 那些人一看到警官就跑掉了。

at the thought of 一想到……就

I felt uneasy at the thought of that. 一想到那事我就不安。

He boggled at the thought of swimming in winter. 他想到要在冬天游泳就有些犹豫。

at the top of 在……的上部，以最大的（声音或速度），处于最前面

Write your name at the top of the page. 把你的名字写在纸上头。

The boy ran at the top of his speed. 这男孩拼命地跑。

Mike is at the top of his class. 迈克在班上名列前茅。

二、“at+one’s+名词”的常见搭配

at one’s best 处于最佳状态

Beer is at its best when it is cool. 冷啤酒味道最好。

I wasn’t feeling at my best at the party so I didn’t enjoy

it. 聚会上我身体不太舒服，所以兴致不高。

at one’s convenience 在方便的时候

You may pay me at your convenience. 你可以在方便时付款给我。

I’d like to have a talk with him at his convenience. 我想在他方便的时候同他谈一次。

at one’s elbow 在附近，在左右

He keeps the book always at his elbow. 他手边总是备有这本书。

Jim was hovering at her elbow, trying to say something. 吉姆在她身边转来转去，想说些什么。

at one’s heels 紧跟在……后面

The thief ran off with an angry crowd at his heels. 那小偷在前面跑，一群愤怒的人在后面紧追。

【注】有时也说on one’s heels。如：

On the heels of the drought came a new disaster. 继干旱之后又发生新的灾害。

at one’s leisure 有空时，方便时

Please do it at your leisure. 请你在有空时做一下。

Please look through the papers at your leisure. 有空烦请过目这些文件。

at one’s peril （尤用于告诫某人勿做某事）自担风险

The bicycle has no brakes—you ride it at your peril. 这辆自行车没闸——你要骑可太危险了。

We soon discovered that you disobeyed Clara at your

peril. 我们很快就发现，你不听克莱拉的话而使自己处于危险的境地。

【注】该短语与at the peril of（冒……的危险）意思不同。如：

You do it at the peril of your life. 你做那件事要冒生命的危险。

at one’s service 听凭某人使用，听凭某人吩咐

My car is at your service. 我的汽车随你使用。

If you need advice, I’m at your service. 如果你需要参考意见，我随时可以帮忙。

at one’s wits’ end 智穷计尽，不知所措，一筹莫展

This physician seemed to be at his wits’ end. 这位医生似乎束手无策了。

I’m at my wits’ end worrying about how to pay the

bills. 怎样才能付清这些账，我完全没有主意。

三、“at+a+名词”的常见搭配

at a disadvantage 处于不利地位

They were working at a disadvantage. 他们在很不利的情况下工作。

His inability to speak French puts him at a

disadvantage. 他不会说法语，这使他很吃亏。

at a discount 打折，减价，跌价；不时兴，不受重视

I bought the TV at a 40% discount. 我以六折买了这部电视。

Honesty was rather at a discount in those days. 在那种年代，诚实很不吃香。

at a distance 在一定距离的地方，隔开一些距离

The picture looks better at a distance. 这幅画远些看更好些。

Seen at a distance, the glass necklace might have passed

for a genuine one. 稍微远一点看，那串玻璃项链几可乱真。

【注】keep sb at a distance的意思是“与某人保持距离”“疏远某人”。如：

She no longer kept her neighbors at a distance. 她不再对邻居冷淡了。

at a distance of 在……的地方

Can you hit a target at a distance of 200 meters? 你能射中200米外的靶子吗？

At a distance of six miles you can’t see much. 距离6英里以外的东西很难看清。

at a glance 看一眼（就）

He saw at a glance that she had been crying. 他一眼就看出她刚哭过。

I could tell the difference between them at a glance. 我一眼就能看这两者之间的区别。

at a loss 不知所措，不知如何是好

He was at a loss for an answer. 他不知何回答是好。

I’m at a loss what to do next. 我不知道下一步怎么办。

at a moment’s [minute’s] notice 一接到通知就

He came at a moment’s notice. 他一接到通知就来了。

I am ready to start at a minute’s notice. 我已作好一接到通知就出发的准备。

at a speed of 以……的速度

He drove at a speed of 35 miles an hour. 他以每小时35英里的速度驾车行驶。

Light travels at a speed of about 186,282 miles (299,728

kilometers) per second. 光速是每秒大约186,282英里（299,728公里）。

【注】at a speed of后通常接速度的具体数值，比较下面at the

speed of的用法。如：

Can the plane fly at the speed of sound? 这飞机能以音速飞行吗?

注意，下面一句中的at并不表示速度，而是表示“对……”：

The doctors were astonished at the speed of her

recovery. 医生对她恢复的速度感到惊讶。

at a stretch 不休息地，一口气地，连续地

He worked for six hours at a stretch. 他连续工作了6个小时。

He always sits by the bank of the river for three or four

hours at a stretch. 他经常在河边一坐就是三四个小时。

at a time 一次，每次

Take the pills two at a time. 这药每次服两粒。

I can only carry two at a time. 我一次只能携带两个。

Cross the road one at a time—don’t bunch up. 一次一个地过马路——别都挤在一起。

【注】不要混淆at a time与at one time，后者的意思是“一度”“过去曾经”。如：

At one time I lived in Japan . 我曾一度住在日本。

At one time there were not so many cars on the streets. 从前街上没有这么多车子。

四、“at+形容词+名词”的常见搭配

at first glance 乍一看，一看就

At first glance the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很容易解决。

She could tell at first glance to which class a man

belonged. 她一眼就能看出一个人属于哪个阶级。

at first sight 乍一看，一见面

At first sight I thought you were Jim. 乍一看，我还以为你是你吉姆呢。

She fell in love with it at first sight. 她一见到它就喜欢上了。

【注】该短语与前面的at first glance常可互换。

at full blast （声音）大得惊人的；处于高潮的

He had the television on at full blast. 他把电视的音量调得很大。

An orchestra playing at full blast is a tremendous

sound. 管弦乐队全力演奏声音大得惊人。

at full speed 全速地

We were moving at full [top] speed. 我们以全速前进。

He was running at full speed when a tendon snapped in his

leg. 他正全速奔跑时，腿部的一条肌腱断裂了。

at full length 极详细地；全身平伸地

He described his journey at full length. 他详细地介绍了他的旅。

at full volume 音量最大地

The TV was on at full volume. 电视机音量已开到了最大了。

The car stereo was on at full volume. 汽车音响开到了最大。

at great length 详细地，细致地，冗长地

He expounded his views on education to me at great

length. 他向我详细讲述了他的教育观点。

They discussed at great length what they should do. 他们对应该做什么这一问题进行了细致的讨论。

at long last 终于

At long last the storm was over. 暴风雨终于过去了。

At long last a compromise was agreed on. 通过互让最终达成折衷协议。

【注】该短语与at last同义，但语气稍强。

at public expense

The bridge was built at public expense. 这座桥是政府出钱修建的。

Most children in Britain are educated at public

expense. 英国大多数儿童靠公费受教育。

at short notice 在短时间内，接到通知的短时间内

Can you be ready at short notice? 你能在短时间内准备好吗?

He had to leave at short leave. 他接到通知后得马上离开。

at top speed 以最高速度

The locomotive is coming at top speed. 火车头正以最高速度驶来。

The dog made after the rabbit at top speed. 狗高速追赶那只兔子。

五、“at+名词”的常见搭配

at bottom 实际上，根本上；基本上

She’s a kind person at bottom. 她实际上是个善良的人。

He pretends to be very tough, but he’s a kind man at

bottom. 他装出一副凶相，实际上是个好心肠的人。

at cost按成本

All the goods were sold at cost. 所有商品均按成本销售。

I can spare you some, if you want, at cost. 你如果想要，我可按成本让给你一些。

at ease 安逸；自在；无拘无束

He is at ease about this matter. 他对这事很放心。

I never feel at ease in his company. 我跟他在一起总感到不自在。

【注】该短语与with ease（容易地）意思不同。如：

He passed the test with ease. 他轻而易举地通过了考试。

at fault 有责任；有错误；有毛病

My memory was at fault. 我记错了。

She was not at fault; don’t blame her. 她没有责任，不要怪她。

Nobody knew who was at fault for the train accident. 没有人知道火车失事是谁的错误。

at hand 在身边，在附近，在不远处，即将到来

He lives close at hand. 他就住在附近。

Christmas was almost at hand. 圣诞节很快就要到了。

at heart 在内心里，实际上

He is still young at heart. 他人老心不老。

I’m a country girl at heart. 我实际上是个乡下姑娘。

at leisure 有空；从容地

He is seldom at leisure. 他很少有空。

Marry in haste and repent at leisure. 草率结婚后悔多。

at length 最后；详细地；充分地

At length the train arrived, forty minutes late. 火车终于来了，晚点40分钟。

He talked at length about his work and his family. 他详谈了他的工作和家庭。

at liberty 有空的；自由的；随意的

He will be at liberty this evening. 他今晚有空。

You are now at liberty to leave any time. 你现在随时可以离开。

at odds 不和，争吵，不一致

Those two have been at odds (with one another) for

ages. 那两个人合不来已经很久了。

He and his wife are always at odds about some small

things. 他和他妻子老是为一些小事争吵。

This new evidence is at odds with their earlier

statement. 这一新证据与他们早先的供述有矛盾。

at pains 尽力，努力

She was at pains to stress the benefits of the scheme. 她极力强调该计划的好处。

The teacher was at pains to make sure that we all

understood. 老师费尽苦心使我们全都明白。

【注】其后通常要接不定式，表示尽力做某事或努力做某事。

at peace 处于和平（平静）状态

He is never at peace with himself. 他老是安静不下来。

All was at peace in the dead of the night. 深夜里万籁俱寂。

Thus Europe was at peace for the first time in ten

years. 于是欧洲出现了10年来的首次和平局面。

at play 在玩耍，在游戏

Children are at play in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩耍。

He stayed at home and the rest of the boys were out at

play. 他留在家里，其余的男孩都在外面玩耍。