高中英语一词多义学习讲义(1)

高中英语一词多义讲义(1)

restV.休息，放松身体彳列句：

Try not to rest your injured limb as

much as possible.

造句：Jane又累又饿，靠在树边休息了一会。

1.

Jane, hungry and exhausted, leaned against a big tree to rest herself for a while.

v.放置，安置，依靠，支撑；倚靠例句：

His head was resting on her shoulder. The bike was resting against the wall.

造句：他双手撑着头，陷入了沉思。

He had been resting his head in his hands, deep in thought.

2. stage /steiiy

n.舞台；(the〜)戏剧表演；阶段，时期

拓展

on the stage

舞台上

at a stage在某一阶段

in a stage在某个时期

例句

She stood alone on the enormous stage.

她孤零零地站在巨大的舞台上。

串记

At this stage, all the performers are familiar with the stage.

在这个阶段，所有的演员都熟悉这个舞台。

3. stand /staend/ v.(stood， stood)

v.站，起立；坐落；忍受(bear)；经受，持久；n.架，货摊

拓展

stand aside站到一-边；让开；袖手旁观，不参与

stand by袖手旁观，无动于衷；支持

拓展

take measures/steps/action

采取措施/步骤/行动

take one' s advice采纳某人的建议

take a look/rest/walk/test/lesson看看/休息/散步/参加测试/上课

take photos/notes

照相/做笔记

it takes （sb.） sth. to do sth.做某事需要…

take---as/for把…看/当作

take after长得像；性格类似于

lake apart

拆开

take away拿/带走

take back取/拿回

take down取/拿/记下

take it for granted认为理所当然

take in吸收；领会；欺骗

take off脱下；起飞；成功

take on承担；呈现；具有；雇用

take out取/带出

take over接管/收

take叩拿起;开始从事；占据（时间，地方）（同occupy）

take part in

参加

例句

©With her light hair and blue eyes Mary seems to take after her mother, but in

character she is more like her father.

玛丽那浅色头发和蓝眼睛使她看上去像她母亲，而她的性格则更多像她父亲。

② A teacher cannot take it for granted that his students always do their assignments

as required.

老师不能想当然地认为学生总是按要求完成作业。

@1 take pari in all kinds of after - school activities

一I play football, basketball,

volleyball, table tennis and I go to theater club.

我参加各种课外活动一一我踢足球、打篮球、打排球、打乒乓球，而且我还 去戏剧俱乐部。

④ If you believe him, you'll certainly be taken in.

如果你相信他，就肯定会被他欺骗。

⑤ Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.

有些昆虫呈现周围环境的颜色来保护自己。

15. tear / *t

D

/

//n./*tD /眼泪；yJ *t8a / (tore, torn)扯破，撕开拓展

(be)in tears流着泪,哭着

tear away撕开，扯开

tear down拆掉，分解，毁坏

tear off迅速做，扯开

tear叩撕碎，背弃，撕毁

tear•• into pieaces把…撕/扯成碎片例句

His wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news.

他太太听到这个坏消息就哭了起来。

串记

The heart-broken lady tore up her diary in tears.

这位心碎的女士流着眼泪把日记撕碎了。

16. tell /tel/

vt.告诉，说；辨别；吩咐；断定；vi.讲述；告发，泄密；识别

拓展

tell a joke/lie/story讲笑话/说谎/讲故事

tell sb. sth./tcll sth. to sb.把某事告诉某人

tell sb. about/of sth.把某事告诉某人

tell sb. to do sth.吩咐某人做某事

tell ,,•from把…和…区分开来

tell-*-by根据…判断

teller出纳员；讲述者

例句No one tells what will happen in the future.

谁也不知道将来会发生什么事。

I can tell them by their accent.

我能够从他们的口音上辨别他们。

串记Can you tell the difference between the twins?

你能分辨得清这对双胞胎吗？

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stand for代表，主张，容忍，接受

stand out突出，显眼，杰出

stand叩for

支持；维护

stand叩to经得起，耐，勇敢地面对

stand sb./sth. doing sth.忍受…做某事

outstanding adj.杰出的；显著的

例句

©In China, these knots stand fbr friendship, love and good luck.

在中国，这些绳结(中国结)代表友谊、爱和好运。

② As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand up for the legal

rights of our own in the election.

作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们的法定权利是我们的责任和义务。

③ Good Heavens! How could you stand by/aside and allow such a thing to happen!

天哪！你怎么能够袖手旁观允许这种事情发生！

@1 won't stand your talking to me like that.

我不容许你那样跟我讲话。

stand意为“忍受”时，常与can, could连用，常用于否定句和疑问句，其后常接 名词、代词或V.- ing形式。不能用于进行时态。

All the people must stand up fbr the leadership of the outstanding party because it

stands fbr the whole nation' s interests.

所有人必须要坚决拥护杰出的党的领导，因为党代表的是全民的利益。

4. state /ste U

n・状态；情形；国家，(美国的)州；陈述，说明

拓展

(l) ..................................................................... in a(n) ...state = in a 处于的状态

a good state of health/mind良好的健康状况/心态

(2) It is

据称

state one's views陈述自己的见解

(3) statement n.声明；陈述

issue/make a statement

发表声明

statesman/statewoman n.政治家

例句

① They will make a statement about the accident tomorrow.

他们明天将就这次事故发表声明。

(2)In the face of failure, it is the most important to keep a good state of mind.

面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。

③Those who disagree with the plan can state your views now.

那些不同意这个计划的人现在可以表达你的观点了。

串记

The stateman was for my statement,which made me in a good state.

这位政治家支持我的陈述，这使得我心情大好。

5. stress /stres/

n.压力；紧张；强调，重要性；重音；vt.强调，着重，重读

拓展

(1 )stress the importance of

强调的重要性

under stress

在压力之下

under the stress of

在压力下；为所迫

lay/put/place stress on

强调；把重点放在上

(2)stressed adj.

焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的

stressful adj.压力大的；紧张的

例句

① Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.

人在压力之下，办事情就容易出差错。

② The life of a high school student is usually active, exciting and full of fun, but it

can be stressful (stress) sometimes.

高中生的生活通常是积极的、令人激动的、充满快乐的，但有时候也有压力。

③ What the tutor wants to stress is that we must translate this passage.

导师要强调的是我们必须把这篇文章翻译。

串记

The architect feels stressed to do the stressful task under great stress.

在这么大的压力下去做有巨大压力的任务，建筑师感觉很有压力。

6. strike/stra k/

n.& v.(钟)鸣；敲(响)；罢工；vt. (struck, struck/stricken)打，击；敲 响，报时；(灾害等)突/侵袭；突然想起；给……以某种印象；擦/打火

拓展

(1) be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动)

It strikes sb. 某人觉得；某人突然想起

Sth. strike sb. (=sb. strike onSth.)

某人想到

strike sb. +介词+

the+身体部位打某人某处

(2) be on strike

在罢工

go on strike举行罢工

(3) striking 著的；突出的;惹人注目的

stricken a.患病的；受挫折的；受…侵袭的

例句

① As the saying goes: strike while the iron is hot.

正如谚语所说：趁热打铁，趁机行事。

② Struck by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire lhe beautiful scenery.

被西湖美景打动，我们停下来欣赏美丽的风景。

③ It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan.

我突然想到，我们应该制定一个新的计划。

④ Staff at the hospital went on strike to protest against the incident.

医院员工举行罢工，以抗议这起事件。

7. stick /st kl （stuck， stuck）

vi.粘住，钉住；坚持；n.木棒（棍），枝条

拓展

stick at奋力不懈地做

stick,••to/on把…粘在…上

stick to粘住；坚持，信守，忠于

stick out伸出；突出

get stuck in陷入了…，困在…中

be stuck with遇到困难无法进行下去；无法摆脱

sticker n.粘贴标签，张贴物；坚持不懈的人

sticky a.粘的；粘性的

例句

©Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam?

你曾经遇上过堵车吗？

② Will you help me with this mathematical problem? I'm stuck with it.

你能帮我解

决这个数学问题吗？我被它卡住了。

③ Stick a stamp on the postcard before you send it.

寄明信片之前先贴张邮票。

串记

Though the journalist got stuck in the traffic,he would stick to his plan.

8. stop /stop/

v. & n.停/终止（反start）； n.停车站

拓展

bring/put sth. to a stop

停止某事

come to a stop

停止

stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事

stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

stop叩(late)晚睡,不睡

例句

The rain did not stop us from going there.

下雨也没有能阻止我们去那儿。

串记

The government brought the construction of a stop to a stop.

政府停止了停车站的建设。

9. straight /stre i/

a.直的；正直的，诚实的，整齐的；ad.直地；直接；立即；一直地，连 续地

拓展

(1) straight away

立即

(2) get sth. straight

弄明白;搞清楚

(3) straighten vl.弄直；使变直

straighten叩整顿；清理

straight forward a.简单的；坦率的；明确的；径直的；ad.直截了当地；坦 率地

例句

① Go straight down this street and you can see the stadium on the left.

沿着这条街直走，你就会看到体育馆在左边。

② He is straight in his dealings.

他在待人接物方面正直老实。

③ Ill come straight to the point,your work isn't good enough.

我要直截了当地说，你的工作做得不够好。

串记

Tell me straight how to straighten my situation , but this is not a straight forward

question.

直接告诉我怎样把我的情况澄清，但这不是以个简单的问题。

易错点拨

straight既可用作形容词也可•用作副词，注意不要使用straightly这一形式。

10. though

/dau/

conj.虽然，尽管（although）； ad.不过，然而

拓展

as though/ as if

好像

even though/（even if）即使

例句

Young though the boy is, he knows a lot.

虽然这个男孩小，但他憧很多。

串记

Even though our tutor left us for a decade ago, I thought of many things as though they

happened yesterday.

虽然我们的导师离开我有十年了，我想到很多事情就好像发生在昨天一样。

11. tie /taf

n.带，绳子，结；关/联系；平局；v.（用线、绳等）系；系牢，打结；连

接，联合

拓展

tie down捆住，束缚

tie in with（使…）跟…相符；跟…连接起来

tie on

（把…）系在身上或系在他物上

tie to使被…束缚；使被困于…

tie together

（使）捆在一起;（使）联系在一起

tie up使无空闲；完全占用

lie叩with把…与…密切联系起来

tie with与…得分一样多

例句

① The teacher tied in what he said with the vocabulary in the previous lesson.

教师把他所讲的同前一课中的词汇联系起来。

② She is tied down at home with the children sick.

由于孩子们病了，她只得留在家里。

③ Even after he grew up he was still tied to his mother's apron strings.

甚至在他长大成人后，他仍然受他母亲的控制。

12. time

n.时间；时代；次数；节拍；倍数；vt.计时；测定…的时间；安排…的速 度

拓展

ahead of time

提前

all the time

一直，始终

at a time每次，一次

at all times随时，总是

at no time从不，决不

at one time曾经，一度，同时

at the sametime同时，暂时,然而，不过

at limes

有时

for the first time

第一次

for the time being

眼卜，暂时

from time to time

有时，不时

from the time being

暂时

in no time

立即

in time及时

many a time多次，常常

on time准时

once叩on a time（常用于故事开头）从前。古时候，过去有一次

take oneJ s time不急不忙，从容进行

timely a.& ad.及时的（地）；适时的（地）

timeless a.永恒的；不受时间影响的；不合时宜的

timetable n.时刻表

例句

What' s the time by your watch?

你的表几点了？

串记

The director have warned three times you must stick to the timetable. In other words,

you can' t do the job ahead of time.

主任已经三次警告你必须遵守时间表。换句话说，你不能提前完成工作。

13. tend/tend/

v.趋向；照料，护理

拓展

tend on

（upon）照顾，照管

tend to

（towards） 倾向于

tend to do sth.往往会/倾向于做某事

tendency n.倾向，趋势；癖好

have a tendency to do sth.喜欢做某事

trend n.趋势，倾向；走向vi.趋向，伸向；vt.使…趋向

例句

The nurses of the hospital tend the patient very kindly.

那医院的护士照顾病人非常亲切。

串记

The statesmen tend to learn more about the present tendency.

政治家们往往会去了解更多的关于目前的趋势。

14. take /tek/

vt.拿，取；采取：接受（礼物等）；买，花/耗费（时间等）