高考英语常用词词性转换及派生

动词 名词形容词

常用词词性转换及派生副词...................

动词使能够缺席接受接进事故精确的达到，获得动词enable名词abilityabsence形容词ableabsentacceptableaccessible易/可接近的accidentalaccurateachievable可获得的副词反义和其他派生disable(v)disabled(残废的)/unable(不能的)acceptaccessacceptanceaccess入口accidentaccuracyunacceptableaccessibility易接近性 rateachieveachievementacquisition获得的东西获得，习得acquire表演，行动act增加，加敬佩承认前进使沉溺，上瘾action行动/act行为activeactivity 活动、活力additionadjustmentadmirationadmissionadministrationadvanceaddiction沉溺advertisement（单则）广告（可数）advertising（总称）广告，（不可数）effectaggressionagreementaimallowance 补贴amazementamusementannouncementanalysisannoying/annoyedanxietyanxiousanxiouslyapologyappearance出现，外貌applicant申请人appreciationapprovalargumentartarrivalassisstantarguable可争论的artisticapplied应用的，实用的allowable可承认的、允许的amazing/amazedamusing/amusedeffectiveaggressive攻击性的agreeable欣然同意的、令人愉快的addicted沉溺于addictive使人上瘾的administrativeadmirableadditional另外的inactiveactivist

积极分子，活动家addadmireadmitadvanceaddictadvertiseaffectagreeaimallowamazeannounceannoyapologiseappearapplyappreciate调整/使适应adjust管理，执行administeradministrator管理者，行政官advanced高级的，先进的addict有瘾的人advertiseraffection爱慕、钟爱aggressor侵略者aimless做广告影响,打动侵略，侵犯同意目标允许使吃惊公告使烦恼焦虑，焦急道歉出现申请欣赏逗乐、娱乐amuse分析、研究analyseannouncer广播员disappearancedisappear消失application申请书批准；认可approve争吵，争论argue艺术到达帮助arriveassistartist艺术家sjy第 1 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词使惊讶吸引知道的以…为基础base生，忍受美化开始表现相信流血盲的使烦闷勇敢呼吸忙碌关心，喜欢care谨慎的确信庆祝中心挑战改变欢呼化学小孩选择分类靠近的关闭收集舒适沟通比较竞争抱怨信心关心；有关concern使混淆连接继续后果考虑构建considerconstructconfuseconnectcontinueconsequenceconsiderationconstructionclosecollectcomfort安慰communicatecomparecompetecomplainchooseclassifychallengechangecheercelebratecertaintycelebrationcentrechallengechangecheerchemistrychild childrenchoicebreatheborebraverybreathcare

关怀，照料，谨慎bear(bore/born)beautifybeginbehavebelievebeautybeginer初学者behaviour行为belief信念blindnessastonishattractastonishmentattractionawareness形容词 副词...................

astonishing/astonishedattractiveattractivelyunattractiveawarebearable可忍受的beautifulbehavedbelievable可相信的bloody血腥的blindbored/boringbravebravely

unawarebasis基础，base基地basic基本的basement基地、底座unbearablebeautifullybeginning开始unbelievable、disbelievebleeding 流血的blindlybleed(bled/bled)bloodbreathless气喘吁吁的breathlesslybusinessman/businesswomancarefully/carelesslycertainlybusiness 商业，行业busycareful/carelesscautiouscertaincelebrity 名人、名声centralchallenging有挑战性的unchangeablechangeable 多变的cheerful

快乐的，高兴的changing 正在变化的cheerfullychemical化学物chemist化学家childhood童年classificationclassical 古典的closely

仔细地，严谨地，接近地

chemicalchildish幼稚的chosen被选择的classified

归类的，机class 班级，阶级密的class 等级，高、优classic 经典的雅close近的，亲近的close结束collectioncomfortcommunicationcomparison对照competition竞赛complaintconfidenceconcern 担忧confusionconnectionconfidentclosed关闭的collective集体的comfortablecommunicativeuncomfortablediscomfort（v、n）（使）不舒服，尴尬comparable可比较的competitive有竞争性的incomparablecomparative 比较的competitor 竞争者confidential机密的concerned担心的,关心的confusing/confusedconnectedcontinuousconsequentconsiderate体贴的unconcerned漠视concerning关于consequentlyconsiderable相当大/多的constructor 建造者sjy第 2 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词方便，便利鼓励合作覆盖揭露发现/创造犯罪好奇的骑自信车危险死决定高兴依赖深描述毁坏决定cycleendanger使危险diedecidedelight使高兴dependdeepen加深describedestroydetermineencouragecooperatecoveruncovercreatecreation 创造crimeconveniencecourage 勇气cooperationcover形容词 副词...................

inconvenientlyencouragement discouragecooperatordiscover/discovery/discovererinconvenientconvenientencouraged/encouragingcoveredcreativecriminal 犯罪的 creativelycreativity创造力criminal犯人curiouslyrecycle循环利用endangered濒危的deadly致命的 dying垂死的dilightful令人高兴的curiosity好奇心curiouscylclist骑自行车的人dangerdangerousdeathdecisiondelightdependencedepth深度descriptiondestructiondeterminationdevelopmentdevotiondifferencedifficultydisappointmentdivisiondrinkerdestructivedetermineddeveloped 发达的devoted 忠诚的differentdifficultdisappointed/disappointingdiscouraged/discouragingdivideddrunk醉的/陶醉的deaddecisive决定性的，果断的的delighted

高兴的，快乐dependentdeep（深度上）independentindependencedeeply (adv)深深地（情感上）deep adv 深入地 深深地 迟发展；晒相develop奉献，致力devote于区别,不同differ困难使失望使失望喝disappointdeveloping 发展中的differentlydiscourage使沮丧discouragementdrink分开，分成divide经济编辑教育电电子雇用享受娱乐环境employenjoyentertain vi款待活力，能量energize激励editeducateeconomyedition版本education/educatoreconomic 经济的economical实惠的editorial编辑的educational有教育意义的economist经济学家editor编辑well/badly-educateduneducated 未受教育的electrify使带电electricityelectronemploymentenergyenjoymentelectric 用电的electronic电子的employedenergetic充满活力的enjoyable令人愉快的entertaining令人愉快的environmentalumemployedelectrical与电有关的employer雇主 employee雇员joyful快乐的entertainerenvironmentlistentertain vt包容entertainmentenvironmentsjy第 3 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词（使）平等equalize补偿使兴奋存在期望,预期经历爆炸出口爆发exciteexistexpectexperienceexplodeexporteruptequalityexcitementexistenceexpectationexperience经历/经验explanationexplosionexporteruption形容词

equalexcited/excitingexpected预料中的副词...................

unequalequallyunexpectedunexpectedly expectableexperienced有经验的inexperiencedexplosive爆炸的,激增的解释；说明explainimport进口面对失败公平facefailfair vi转晴facefailurefairnessfair n 展览会，市集，美人famefashionfacial面部的fair公平的；美丽的，白皙的；[气象] 晴朗的fairly 相当地；公平地；简直fair adv. 公平地；直接地；清楚地unfair名声，名望时尚财政;金融流畅起雾忘记运气释放,使空闲famousfashionablefinancialfluentfoggyfollowing接着的,下列的forgetful健忘的forgettable易被忘记的unforgettableunfortunateadjfinance筹资金fogforget

financefluency流畅度fogforgetfulnessfortune好运，财富fluentlyfogless跟踪；跟着followfortunate幸运的free 自由，免费freezing冰冻的friendlyfrightened/frighteningmisfortune不幸 可数nfrozen结冰的friendshipfreefreezefreedomfriendfreely使结冰朋友使惊恐陈设,布置光荣慷慨地球毕业贪婪frightenfrankness 坦诚furnishfrightfurniture家具glorygenerosityfranklyfurnished配备家具的gloriousgenerousglobalization全球化government政府graduate毕业生greedyguilty 有罪的 内疚的guiltless 无罪的，无辜well-furnished布置齐备的globalize全球化globe球状物；地球仪global全球的；世界的graduate毕业graduation毕业greedguilt统治；管理govern统治；管理governor统治者成长，增长growgrowth成长；发育；增长sjy第 4 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词形容词 副词...................

手快乐，幸福使变硬／麻木hand传递handhappinesshandy便于使用的；方便的happily/unhaphappypilyunhappyhardenharmhatehardness硬度hardship苦难harmharmonyhatred仇恨healthheight高度hard硬；困难的；拼命的harmfulharmonioushateful讨厌的；可恶的healthyhighhelpfulhesitanthistoric有历史意义的hopefulhorriblehumorous幽默的hungryhopelesshelpless 无助的hard(adv.)拼命地；艰难地伤害和谐恨健康高帮助犹豫历史希望恐怖；惊恐幽默饥饿harmlesshealthilyhighly 高度地helphesitatehopehelphesitationhistoryhopehorrorhumourhungerhistorical与历史有关的；历史上的hopelessness绝望horriblyhungrily身份合法想像重要可能identify认出身份identity身份；一致legalimagineimagination想像力importanceimaginable可想象的imaginative想象力丰富的importantidentification身份证明；鉴定illegal

违法的legallyimaginary虚构的unimportantimpossiblepossibility 可能性possibleimpressive给人深刻印印象impress印；压印impressionimprovement改良；进象的提高；改良improve步工业industry工业industrial工业的impossibility不可能的事industrially在工业方面伤害指示/教育兴趣injureinstructinjuryinspirationinstructionintention意图injuredinspired/inspiringinstructive有教育意义的intentional有意的；故意的鼓舞，激发inspire打算，想要intendinstructorinterest使有兴趣interestinterpretation口口译；解释interpret译；解释介绍，引进introduceintroduction介绍发明邀请inventinviteinventioninvitationinterested/interestinginterpreter口译员inventor发明者sjy第 5 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词形容词 副词...................

工作判断知道大懒惰领导；引导lead学习长生活喜欢、像位于learnlive like dislikelocatejudgeknowenlarge扩大jobjudge法官knowledge 知识laziness懒惰leaderlearner学习者life生活；生命location位置loss损失jobless失业的 judgement判断力；裁判known被知晓的；出名的largelazyleading 领先的；主要的learned有学问的longlive现场的likelybe located in位于...lost失踪的；失去的living有生命的，alive 活着的unlike 介词unknownwell-knownlazilymislead（v) 给带错路;带坏learning(N)学问；知识lengthen使变长length长度损失；失败lose魔术，魔法主要的；重要的magician魔术师major主修；专攻managemarrymeanmessmajormanager经理manageress女经理marriage婚姻meaning 意思 含义medicinemess混乱merrymentminimize最小化viminority少数民族magic有魔法的 magic 魔法majority大多数management管理管理结婚意思是药把...搞乱愉快 樱桃使最小轻视vtmarried已婚的meaningfulmedical医药的；医学的messy混乱的merryunmarried未婚的meaninglessmeans 方法 手段minor较小的；较少的maximizeunderstand(v)minimum 最小值n 最小、低的adj误会移动;前进音乐misunderstandmovemisunderstandingmisunderstood被误会的理解movement(政治)运动;活moving活动的;令人感动的动understanding（n)moved感动的musician音乐家musicmusical音乐的名字国家;民族自然必需的;必然的神经的;紧张的喧闹的与…为邻vname给…取名name名字nation国家;民族naturenecessity必要性;必需品namely(adv)即;那就是national国家的;民族的natural自然的;天然的unnaturalnecessarynervousunnecessaryinternational国际的nationalityl国籍naturallynecessaryilynervously紧张地;神经质地noisiness(n)吵闹;喧闹noisily吵闹地/neighbor n邻居 adj邻近的nerve神经;胆量noise喧闹声;嘈杂声noisyneighborneighborhood 附近 街坊neighboring 邻近的正常的normalabnormal不正常的normallysjy第 6 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词服从，听从obey观察占有，使忙于形容词 副词...................

observationoccupationoffenceoperationoptionoptimismobserveoccupyoffendoppose(vt)disobey

observable

可见的，可观察到的occupied 已被占用的offensiveoperativeoppositeoptional 可选的optimisticorganized 有组织的original 最初的pessimisticdefend 保卫occupier 占有者、居住人operator,cooperate冒犯反对选择乐观（主义）组织起源运作，操作operateoptimist 乐观情绪 乐观主义者organizer 组织者organizeoriginateorganizationorigin痛苦参与耐心和平pain 使痛苦、苦恼painparticipationpatiencepeaceperformancepermissionpersonpainful 令人疼痛的patient(a./n.)peacefuipainlesspained 显出痛苦的、受苦的participant 参赛者impatientparticipatepeacefully表演，表现perform允许人劝说取悦毒药礼貌污染拥有，持有，占有实践预测准备pollutepossesspracticepredictpreparepersuadepleasepermitperformer-tt-personal

个人的，私人的personality个性impersonalpersuasivephysics物理学、现象physicalpleasurepoisonpolitenesspollutionpossessionpracticepredictionpreferrence偏好preparationpractical 实际的predictable 可预见的preferable 更适合的prepared 准备好的unprepared 未做好准备的unpredictablephysician （内科）医师pleasant 令人愉快的unpleasant 令人不愉快的impolitepleasing令人满意的pleased 满意的poisonous 有毒的politepollutedpollutant 污染物possessor 拥有者，持有者宁愿，情愿prefer处方展示压力防止价格隐私步骤生产职业，专业发音prescribepresentpress 按，压preventprescriptionpresentationpressurepreventionpriceprivacypreventable

可预防的

priceless 无价的，贵重的private adj私人的、私下的 n列兵、二等兵product产品 producer生产者professor教授presenter展示者，主持人proceed 进行produce vt vipronounceprocedureproduction生产 产量productive多产的professionpronunciationprofessional 专业的unprofessionalsjy第 7 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词保护证明惩罚protectprovepunishprotectionproof 证据punishment形容词

protective 保护性的副词...................

protector资格种族放射反应意识到，实现qualify具备资格qualificationraceradiationqualified有资格的racialradioactive 放射性的real 真实的reasonable合情合理unqualified无资格的racism,racist种族主义者reactrealisereasonreceivereactionrealisationreason 理由receiverreception 接待referencereflectionrefusalregistrationregulation 规矩regularirrelativeirregularreality 现实unreasonable理论接收receipt 收据receptionist 接待员-rr-， referee裁判reflective提及，查阅refer反射，反映reflect拒绝登记规律拒绝关系rejectrelaterefuseregisterrejectionrelation（亲属）关 related系relative n亲属 相关物 a相对的relationship 关系 关联放松有关系的依靠宗教代表要求保存representrequirereserverelyreliabilityreligionrepresentativerequirementrescuereservationrescuer解救者relaxrelaxationrelaxing，relaxedrelevantreliable 可靠的religious 虔诚的，信教的，宗教的irrelevantunreliableirreligious 无宗教信仰的representative 代表性的解救、拯救rescue辞职resignresignationresistant 有抵抗力的resistible 可抵制的irresistibleresponsiblerespectful

恭敬的，有礼的抵抗，排斥resistresistance 抵抗力resistive 抗…的，耐…的责任responsibility响应尊敬方面限制粗鲁restrictrespondrespectresponserespectrespectrestrictionrudenessresister抵制者resistor电阻器irresponsibleresponsiblyrespectable 值得尊敬的respectively 分别地respective 分别restricted 受限制的rudesjy第 8 页，共 14 页524

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满足令人害怕,吓唬satisfyscaresatisfactionsatisfying 令人满足dissatisfy的satisfied 满足的scared 害怕的scientificsecureselected 精选的selfish 自私unselfishsatisfactory 适合的be satisfied withscary 可怕的scientistinsecure科学安全选择自己感官sense感觉到为…服务羞愧，羞耻尖，锋利刮sharpenshaveserve安定，居住settlesecure 确保selectsciencesecurityselectionselfsensesensation 知觉servicesettlementshamesharpener 削笔刀shaver 刮胡刀selfless 无私的insensitivesensitive 敏感sensible 明智的明显的sensitivity 敏感度insensible无感觉、麻木的servant仆人，server服务器settler 居住者，定居者ashamed 感到羞愧的shamelesssettled 定居的，处理了的shameful 耻辱的sharp看见签字安静简单微笑奴隶睡觉微笑社会特别的，专门的精神sight 视线，视野，seeseparate vtvi视力separate adj单独的（使）分离、隔signsignituresilencesimplify简化smileslave 奴役sleepsmilesimplificationsmileslavesleepsmilesorrow悲伤specialist 专家spiritstarvationstatementstrangerstorestressstorage 储存stressstrongstressed （自己）感到有压力的strengthen加强strength 力量strangestatesocial 社会的，社交的sorry 抱歉，遗憾，悲伤specialspiritualsleepy 瞌睡的silentsimplesmilinginsight(n) 洞察力separated分开的 分居的simply (adv)仅仅，朴素地smilinglyslavery 奴隶制socialise 社交societysocialist,socialismspecialise 专门研究（使）挨饿starve陈述陌生的储藏强，有力压力statesman 发言人store(n)商店stressful 给人压力的学习、研究study风格study书房，学业，研究stylestudious 好学的，用功的stylish 时髦的，漂亮的stylist 设计师sjy第 9 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词订阅成功遭受建议适合支持围绕幸存象征同情系统subscribesucceed visuffersuggestsuitsupportsurroundsurvivesymbolizesympathisesupportsurvivalsymbolsympathysystemsubscriptionsuccesssuffering 苦难suggestion形容词 副词...................

successfulun-succeed vt继承 successorsuitablesupportive 支持的supporter 支持者，赞助者survivor幸存者symbolic 象征性的sympatheticsystematic 系统化的surroundings周边环境surrounding周边的口味，品味taste 品尝技术倾向紧张恐怖理论tendtense 拉紧tastetechniquetendencytensiontheorytasteless

没味道的，没品位的tasty 美味的technology，technician技术员tenselyterrorisim恐怖主义,terroristtheoretical理论上来讲technical 技术上的tense 紧张的terrible terrifiedterrifyingtheoretical理论上的terrify 使恐惧terror渴想，思想威胁令人恐惧使劳累忍受触摸旅游,巡回演出thinkthreatenthrilltiretoleratethirsty口渴的，渴望的thought(思想，想法)thoughtful 周到的thirst渴感threattirednesstolerancethreateningtiring,tiredtolerant 能容忍的tolerable 可忍受的touched 感动的traditionalintolerant 不能容忍的intolerable 不可忍受的thrillor(恐怖片、小说)thrilled 感到害怕的thinking 思考(的过程)threateninglythrilling 令人恐惧的tiresome 烦人的，无聊的touch

触摸，触动touchtourtourtraditiontransformationtranslationtreatment 对待，治疗treat 款待truth 事实，真相trialtypetypetranslatetouching 令人感动的tourism旅游业,tourist游客transformermistranslatetranslatortreaty条约传统变形，变化transform翻译对待，治疗treat真实的类别打字trust信任true 真实的typical 典型的mistrust vntruly 真正地尝试，审讯trytypist

打字员sjy第 10 页，共 14 页524

动词 名词形容词 副词...................

宇宙催促使用urgeuseuniverseurgeuse 用处，使用univerasal 通用的，宇宙的urgentuseful,uselessuniversity 综合大学user使用者 uselessness无用有效的价值类别暴力火山志愿温暖浪费弱财富重量宽智慧的奇迹木羊毛价值年轻zip 拉拉链wonder 想知道weighwiden 加宽will 愿意volunteerwarm 使温暖wastewave

挥动，起伏weaken 削弱侍候(餐厅内)waitvalue 估价vary 不同validity 有效性valuevarietyviolencevolcanovolunteer 志愿者waitingwarmthwave 波浪weakness 弱点wealthweightwidth 宽度will意愿，遗愿，遗嘱wisdomwonderwoodwoolworthzipper 拉链zoo 动物园validvaluable 有价值的variousviolentvolcanicvolentary 自愿的warmwavy 波浪状的weak 弱的，虚弱的wealthywidewilling 愿意的wisewonderfulwoodenwoollenworthless 没价值的invalid失效的，无效的valuelessviolentlyvolentarily自愿地waiter,waitress 服务员waste ，浪费，废料waste 作废的unwillingworth(prep.)值…youngster 年轻人，少年zoology 动物学youth 青春，青年人youngsjy第 11 页，共 14 页524

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