loving and hating NY课文单词短语练习

inaccessible (adj.) : impossible to reach or enter诀不到的；进不去的

plush (adj.) : [American slang]luxurious，as in furnishings [美俚]豪华的 grubby (adj.) : messy；untidy脏的；凌乱的

precincts (n.) : environs neighborhood范围；界线

fringe (n.) : an outer edge；border；margin外围，边缘；边界

subculture (n.) : the distinct cultural patterns of a group(within a society)of persons of the same age，social or economic, status. ethnic background，etc．亚文化群

boutique (n.) : a small shop，or a small department in a store，where fashionable，usually expensive，clothes and other articles are sold时装精品店(或百货公司中的时装精品部)

estrange (n.) : turn(a person)from an affectionate or friendly attitude to an indifferent，unfriendly，or hostile one. alienate the affections of使疏远；使失和

ratify (v.) : pprove or confirm，esp.，give official sanction to批准；认可

deplore (v.) : be regretful or sorry about；lament懊悔；遗憾；痛惜

catchy (adj.) : easily caught up and remembered醒目的；引人注意的

jingle (n.) : a verse that jingles；jingling arrangement of words or syllables具有简单韵律的诗句；合于简单韵律的排列

admen (n.) : [Americanism]a person whose work or business is advertising[美]广告员

ancillary (adj.) : that serves as an aid；helping；auxiliary作为助手的；辅助的

brittle (adj.) : having a sharp，hard quality(声音)尖利的，刺耳的

condescending (adj.) : showing condescension，esp.，patronizing表示屈尊的；(尤指)以恩人自居的，屈尊俯就的

malleable (adj.) : capable of being changed，molded，trained，etc．；adaptable柔顺的；易适应的；可训练的

turnstile (n.) : a similar apparatus，often coin—operated used at entrances to admit persons one at a time and to count those passing through(使人逐个通过的)旋转(式)栅门

hype (n.) : cheating，esp. the extravagant promotional advertising欺骗；骗局(尤指大肆宣

传，大做广告)

scruple (n.) : a feeling of hesitancy，doubt，or uneasiness arising from difficulty in deciding what is right，proper，ethical．etc．：qualm or misgiving about something one thinks is wrong踌躇；顾忌，犹豫

adjoining (adj.) : touching at some point or along a line；contiguous隔壁的：毗连的；毗邻的

amenity (n.) : an attractive or desirable feature,as of a place, climate,ere.(地方,气候等的)舒适,宜人;温柔

succumb (v.) : give way；yield；submit屈服，屈从

tawdry (adj.) : cheap and showy；gaudy；sleezy俗气的；俗丽的；花哨而庸俗的

astir (adj.) : in motion; in excited activity动起来的；轰赳采的；有活动力的

strew (v.) : scatter，partly cover撒，撒布

brusque (adj.) : rough and abrupt in manlier or speech．curt(态度、语言上)粗暴的，鲁莽的；唐突的

cabana (n.) : a small shelter used as a bath house on the beach, etc,；a cabin(海滩等地的)简易浴室(或更衣处)；小屋；棚屋

antiseptic (adj.) : untouched by life，its problems，emotions，etc．冷静的；超然的；客观的

enclave (n.) :a minority culture group living as an entity within a larger group在大文化团体中的一少数派集团

hassle (n.) : [Americanism]a state of commotion or confusion；turmoil[美]混乱

congenial (adj.) : suited to one's needs or disposition；agreeable适合的；惬意的；令人愉快的

bracing (adj.) : invigorating；stimulating；refreshing令人鼓舞的；令人振奋的；激励的

rigor (n.) : harshness or severity严厉

taunt (n.) : a scornful or jeering remark; gibe嘲笑，嘲弄，嘲骂

mongrel (n.) : [a derogatory term] mixed breed，race．origin or character[贬]杂种；混交种

metropolis (n.) : any large city or center of population：culture，etc．大城市，大都会

tumultuous (adj.) : full of or characterized by tumult：wild and noisy；uproarious；riotous喧闹的，喧嚣的；吵闹的

hybrid (adj.) : (of animal，plant，etc．)from parents of different species or varieties混合的；杂种的(动植物等)

turf (n.) : [slang]a neighbour hood area regarded by a street gang as its own territory to be defended against other gangs[俚](街头流氓集团的)地盘；势力范围

admixture (n.) : a mixture混合(状态)

jar (n.) : clash，disagree，or quarrel sharply抵触；冲突；不调和，不和谐；争吵

juxtaposition (n.) : putting side by side or close together并列，并置

fortitude (n.) : the strength to bear misfortune，pain，etc．，calmly and patiently firm courage坚

韧不拔，刚毅

forbearance (n.) : ．the quality of being forbearing；self control；patient restraint容忍，忍耐

exhilarate (v.) : fill with high spirits鼓舞；使兴奋

短语 (Expressions)

out of phase : out of harmony相异的，不协调的

例： The driver found that the windshield wipers were out of phase．司机发现挡风玻璃上的刮水器动作不协调。

measure up : be good enough t0 do a particular job or to reach a particular standard合格，符合标准

例： How will the manager measure up to his new responsibility?经理怎样才能 达到他新职责的标准呢?

play host(to) : provide the place，food etc．for a special meeting or event招待，接待

例： Beijing will play host to the Olympics in 2008．北京将在 2008年主办奥运会。

修辞

The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet

2 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor

3 Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood — alliteration; metaphor 4 Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy

5 New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor

6 Nature constantly yields to man in New York .— personification

7 So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .— as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .— simile; onomatopoeia

8 Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials; those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines

— parallelism

9 “So what else is new?” .— rhetorical question

10 The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .— euphemism

11 All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor

12 Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .— personification

《高级英语》第二册练习

Ⅰ. Reading comprehension

1. Many Europeans take New York as their favorite city, because ________.

A. They are reassured by the sight of the fashion avenues of Madison and Fifth.

B. There are many familiar international names in New York.

C. New York’s charged nervous atmosphere and vulgar dynamism.

D. New York city is a cosmopolitan city.

2. In author’s eyes, New York is ________.

A. a sacred place

B. a mongrel city

C. an international metropolis

D. a conventional city

3. The signs of how the New York fallen cannot be seen from ________.

A. New York never boasted its greatness.

B. Many advertising campaigns publicly praise New York.

C. Many New Yorkers wear T-shirts with a heart design and the words “I love

New York” printed on it.

D. New York is trying desperately to regain her lost privileged status.

4. From where the author begins to give an actual description of New York itself.

A. The last sentence of paragraph 5.

B. The first sentence of paragraph 6.

C. From paragraph 1-5.

D. The whole essay.

5. Which of the following cities is located in New York?

A. Jersey

B. Soho

C. Nashville

D. Beverly Hills

Ⅱ. Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Put “T”, if the

statement is true and put an “F”, if false.

1. According to the author, New York is no longer the leading city is the United States.

2. New York is a city that resists the prevailing trends of America and it is a place

where people can escape from uniformity and uncommonness.

3. Europeans take to New York because they feel reassured when they see so many

jewelers, shoes stores and designer shops bearing familiar international names on

Madison and Fifth avenues.

4. The rhetorical device employed in “ Nature constantly yields to man …” is

personification.

5. It is the fascinating charm of New York as well as the opportunity to be a journalist

that attracts the author to New York.

6. It is the good living conditions that draw those young people to New York.

7. The sentence “All have their sovereignties” means all the different ethnic groups

have their own little areas which they control.

8. New York is not longer the banking and communications headquarters for America.

9. The newcomers to New York are never fully assimilated.

10. New York regards the United Nations as an unworkable, impractical and

hypocritical institution.

Ⅲ. Point out what figure of speech is used in each of the following sentences:

1. While sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live,

pre-empt the airways form California

2. Tin Pan Alley has moved to Nashville and Hollywood.3. New York was never Mecca to me.

4. Nature constantly yields to man in New York: witness those fragile sidewalk trees

gamely struggling against encroaching cement and petrol fumes.

5. So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and

luxurious, that shut out the world.6. “So what else is new?”

7. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of

town.

8. Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it

seriously, regarding it as an unworkable mixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and

the hypocritical.

Ⅳ.Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.

1. He fought back at his tormentors with ________ of a corner red rat.

A. dejection

B. depression

C. desperation

D. despair

2. He monopolized the conversation by ________ of his own prowess at hunting and

fishing.

A. boasting

B. bragging

C. crowing

D. vaunting

3. It was alleged that he was present at the scene of the crime, but he ________ that he

was in Europe at the time.

A. asserted

B. maintained

C. affirmed

D. testified

4. It has become the ________ for royalty to appears as democratic and “ folksy” as

the average politician.

A. fashion

B. trend

C. vogue

D. style

5. The ________ between Guelphs and Ghibellines in medieval Italy passed from

controversy over papal authority to petty was between city states.

A. contention

B. friction

C. conflict

D. strife

6. He was too nervous to speak and had to be ________ .

A. prompted

B. motivated

C. stimulated

D. propelled

7. A short cut through the mountain is extremely ________ in winter.

A. distant

B. inaccessible

C. remote

D. dessert

8. Australia ________ the Treaty of Peace with Japan on 10th April, 1952; New

Zealand on 29th April, 1952.

A. confirmed

B. sanctioned

C. ratified

D. approved

9. He is a poet with ________ imagination.

A. luxurious

B. luxuriant

C. luscious

D. lustrous

10. ________ clod hoppers guffawed at seeing male ballet dancers wearing tights.

A. naive

B. unaffected

C. unsophisticated

D. provincial

11. He felt listless until the sea breeze ________ him and steadied his nerves.

A. cheered

B. encouraged

C. exhilarated

D. excited

12. She endured her illness with great __________

A. fortitude

B. forbearance

C. persistence

D. resolution

13. Mary is no long willing to meet her husband’s bullying with docile ________.

A. patience

B. sufferance

C. tolerance

D. forbearance

14. The actress was becoming extremely _________ with all the questions they were

asking by the uncalled-for innuendo in the reporter’s question.

A. outraged

B. aggravated

C. exasperated

D. insulted

15. It would be ________ of me to have a church wedding when I don’t believe in

God.

A. hypocritical

B. hypercritical

C. hysterical

D. hypothetical

16. He balanced the glass ________ on the arm of the chair.

A. precociously

B. precariously

C. precautionary

D. precipitously

17. You can rest ______ that the talented young secretary has been able to confirm

what he said in the original report.

A. assured

B. ensured

C. insured

D. reassured

18. The leader’s speech in defense of the policy didn’t carry much ________.

A. conviction

B. belief

C. confidence

D. concern

19. American revolutionaries who rejected England’s claim of ________ over the

colonies.

A. sovereignty

B. authority

C. power

D. right

20. The public is very _____ about the governor's plans for a tax cut.

A. susceptible

B. dubious

C. suspicious

D. deliberate

21. The two countries will _____ full diplomatic relations now that they have settled

their long standing border dispute.

A. recover

B. restore

C. renovate

D. replace

22. Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the _____ tale,

though it was fabricated obviously.

A. pessimistic

B. pathetic

C. patriotic

D. melancholy

Ⅴ.Put the following words and phrases into the appropriate blanks in the following

sentences.

measure up against cut off … from in terms of be reckoned with

look up to out of phase with yield to beckon to out of step with

swallow up

1. They were already a political force to

2. The school is widely

3. The new building is

4. I

5. The job is great

.

for its excellent teaching.

its surroundings.

temptation and had a chocolate bar.

salary, but it has its disadvantages.

6. He ________ himself ________ all human and lived alone in a remote area.

7. The figures are not very good when

8. I watched her walk down the road until she was

9. He

10. She was

the waiter to bring the bill.

her colleagues and regarded as an eccentric woman.

those of our competitors.

by the darkness.

Ⅵ.Fill in each blank with a suitable verb from the lists below in the proper form.

decline decrease diminish drop dwindle lessen reduce

1. I hope to obtain your forgiveness, to your ill opinion.

. 2. His sense of personal initiative is cultivated instead of being

3. The number of nations allied with Germany as the war continued.

4. The incidence of malaria

malarial mosquitoes.

dramatically because of the eradication of

5. Certain medicines are said to be effective in

6. It is said that her vitality and creativity are

7. Classes

people’s weight.

with age.

as more and more students played truant.

quickly.

as

8. Owing to the strike, coal supplies are

9. I hope the number of mistakes you make in the exercises will

time goes on.

10. After years of illness he was

11. My aunt has decided to spend her

to a skeleton.

years in the suburbs of shanghai.

12. Mr. Smith’s hopes ____ as his fortune ____ away to nothing.

13. The price of the new products has been

rise in productivity.

14. Their funds

owing to a twenty per cent

because of their extravagance and ill-management.

border edge fringe margin rim verge

15. The proposal was carried by a very narrow

16. Be careful! The

17. I hurt my knee against the

18. Don’t go near the

over.

19. The between the two countries runs along the mountain ridge.

of the plate.

of your glass is cracked.

of the stove.

of the precipice; you may stumble and topple

.

20. He pushed the leftovers of the food on the

21. When writing the composition, be sure to write in every other line and leave a

.

22. When the toy was taken away, the girl found herself on the

23. Professor Hill always writes his comments in the

papers.

24. Caracas, a modern city on the

dominated by a profusion of motor traffic.

of the Orinoco wilderness, is

of tears.

of his students’

25. The bond issue, proposed as a way of financing a centennial celebration, failed by

a narrow .

glasses wandered through the 26. The thin detective with the horn

garden.

27. Owing to the poor management, this firm was nearly on the

bankruptcy.

28. At the wedding, though the in-laws on the outer

of

didn’t enjoy

themselves as much as “the privileged group”, the atmosphere was, on the whole,

genial and harmonious.

29. These recruits are going to be sent to guard the farm on the Chinese side of the

with Burma,

30. Many young graduates like to work in the publishing house now not because of

the

it provides for all.

Ⅶ.For each blank in the following passage, choose the most suitable word from the

list of words provided below. Each work can be used once only. Write your choice of

words in its proper form in the corresponding blanks in the passage.

grudge In the light of willingly freedom knowledge

philosophers spiritual comfort measure passers-by measure the

only exception in terms of is fully aware of estimate steal

occasionally nothing in the open envious of the world of nature

beggars sacrifice is free from be paid for human dignity with ease

Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. ( 1 )this statement, teachers live by selling ( 2 )selling wisdom and priests by selling ( 4 )to ( 5 ) the value of material goods ( 6 ), ( 3 )

by

benefits it offers, but because of the pleasant working environment

. Though it may be possible

money, it is

extremely difficult to ( 7 ) the true value of the services which people

give everything perform for us. There are times when we would ( 8 )

we possess to save our lives, yet we might ( 9 ) paying a surgeon a

high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that

skills have to ( 10 )in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.

to this Everyone has something to sell. Tramps seem to be ( 11 )general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of

( 12 ). But real tramps are not ( 13 ). They have nothing

to sell and require ( 14 )not sacrifice their ( 15 )never ask you to ( 16 )he leads and ( 17 ) from others. In seeking independence, they do

. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will

him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life

the consequences. He may never be sure where the

the thousands of anxieties next meal is coming from, but he ( 18 )which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to

move from place to place ( 19 )( 20 ). By having to sleep

than most of us ever , he gets far closer to ( 21 )do. He may hunt, beg, or ( 22 ) to keep himself alive; he may even, in

his freedom. times real need, do a little work; but he will never ( 23 )We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars,

but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little ( 24 )their simple way of life and their ( 25 )

Ⅷ.Translation

The Flight of Youth

There are gains for all our losses.

There are balms for all our pain:

But when youth, the dream, departs

It takes something from our hearts,

And it never comes again.

We are stronger, and are better,

Under manhood’s sterner reign:

Still we feel that something sweet

from care?

Followed youth, with flying feet,

And will never come again.

Something beautiful is vanished,

And we sigh for it in vain;

We behold it everywhere,

1-1: /

1-2: /

1-3: /

1-4: /

1-5: /

2-1: /

2-2: /

2-3: /

答案:F

2-4: /

答案:T

2-5: /

答案:F

2-6: /

答案:F

2-7: /

答案:T

2-8: /

答案:F

2-9: /

答案:T

答案:C

答案:C

答案:A

答案:A

答案:B

答案:T

答案:F

On the earth, and in the air,

But it never comes again!

第二册第14课练习答案

2-10: /

答案:T

3-1: /

答案:alliteration/ Metaphor

3-2: /

答案:metonymy

3-3: /

答案: metonymy /metaphor

3-4: /

答案:personification

3-5: /

答案: metonymy/ metaphor

3-6: /

答案:irony

3-7: /

答案:euphemism

3-8: /

答案:personification

4-1: / 答案:C

4-2: / 答案:A

4-3: / 答案:A

4-4: / 答案:A

4-5: / 答案:C

4-6: / 答案:A

4-7: / 答案:B

4-8: / 答案:C

4-9: / 答案:B

4-10: / 答案:D

4-11: / 答案:C

4-12: / 答案:A

4-13: / 答案:D

4-14: / 答案:C

4-15: / 答案:A

4-16: / 答案:B

4-17: / 答案:A

4-15: / 答案:A

4-19: / 答案:A

4-20: / 答案:B

4-21: / 答案:B

4-22: / 答案:D

5-1: /

答案:be reckoned with

5-2: /

答案:looked up to

5-3: /

答案:out of phase with

5-4: /

答案:yielded to

5-5: /

答案:in terms of

5-6: /

答案:cut off … from

5-7: /

答案:measure up against

5-8: /

答案:swallowed up

5-9: /

答案:beckoned to

5-10: /

答案:out of step with

6-1: /

答案:lessen

6-2: /

答案:diminished

6-3: /

答案:decreased

6-4: /

答案:dropped

6-5: /

答案:reducing

6-6: /

答案:declining

6-7: /

答案:dwindled

6-8: /

答案:diminishing / decreasing

6-9: /

答案:decrease

6-10: /

答案:reduced

6-11: /

答案:declining

6-12: /

答案:diminished, dwindled

6-13: /

答案:reduced

6-14: /

答案:diminished / dwindled

6-15: /

答案:margin

6-16: /

答案:rim

6-17: /

答案:edge

6-18: /

答案:edge

6-19: /

答案:border

6-20: /

答案:edge

6-21: /

答案:margin

6-22: /

答案:verge

6-23: /

答案:margins

6-24: /

答案:fringes

6-25: /

答案:margin

6-26: /

答案:rimmed

6-27: /

答案:verge

6-28: /

答案:fringes

6-29: /

答案:border

6-30: /

答案:fringe

7-1: /

答案:In the light of

7-2: /

答案:knowledge

7-3: /

答案:philosophers

7-4: /

答案:spiritual comfort

7-5: /

答案:measure

7-6: /

答案:in terms of

7-7: /

答案:estimate

7-8: /

答案:willingly

7-9: /

答案:grudge

7-10: /

答案:be paid for

7-11: /

答案:the only exception

7-12: /

答案:passers-by

7-13: /

答案:beggars

7-14: /

答案:nothing

7-15: /

答案:human dignity

7-16: /

答案:feel sorry for

7-17: /

答案:is fully aware of

7-18: /

答案:is free from

7-19: /

答案:with ease

7-20: /

答案:in the open

7-21: /

答案:the world of nature

7-22: /

答案:steal occasionally

7-23: /

答案:sacrifice

7-24: /

答案:envious of

7-25: /

答案:freedom

8:青春的飞逝/我们失去的一切都能得到补偿/我们所有的痛苦都能得到安慰/可是梦境似的青春一旦消逝/它带走了我们心中某种美好的事物/从此一去不复返回/严峻的成年生活将我们驱使/我们变得日益刚强、更臻完美/可是依然感到某种甜美的东西/已随着青春飞逝/永不再返回/美好的东西已经消失/我们枉自为此叹息/虽然在天地之间/我们到处能看见青春的魅力/可是它永不再返回！