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2024年1月9日发(作者:risk preference)

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

Module 1 How to learn English

一.重点短语:

try

to

do

sth. 尝试做某事

a

piece

of

advice一条建议

make

a

mistake 犯错误

three

pieces

of

paper 三张纸

give

sb.

some

advice给某人一些建议

advise

sb.

to

do

sth. 建议某人去做某事

write

it

down写下,记下

this

term这学期

next

term下学期

二.固定结构:

ask

for

advice征求意见

basic

questions基本问题

the

meaning

of……的意思

talk

to

sb. 跟某人谈话

write

to

sb. 写信给某人

start

a

conversation开始一段谈话

talk

about

sth.

with

sb.跟某人谈论某事

as

much

/

many

as

possible尽可能多地

help

sb.(to) do /

with sth. 帮助某人做某事1. practise

doing

sth. 练习做某事

2. a

number

of +可数名词复数+V(复数)许多、很多

3. the

number

of+可数名词复数+V(单数)……的数量

9. one

or

two

days 一两天

三.重点句型:

else? 还有什么其它的?

2 It’s

a

good

idea

to

do

sth. 做…..是个好主意

10. a (good )

way

to

do

sth

to

do

sth.做某事的(好)方法

11. something

new/old/interesting

新/旧/有趣/的东西

12. What

about

doing=How

about

doing…?

做……怎么样?

3. It

is

adj. + (for

sb.) +

to

do

sth. (对某人来说)做某事怎么样

4. It

is +

adj. (形容词)+ (of

sb.)

to

do

sth.某人做某事某人怎么样.

It

is

very

kind

of

you

to

help

me.你能帮我你真好。

should

always

speak

English

in

class.我们应该在课堂上一直讲英语。

6.

Let’s

try

to

speak

English

as

much

as

possible.让我们尽可能多地说英语。

7.

We

are

going

to

talk

about

good

ways

to

learn

English.我们将谈论一些学英语的好方法。

8.

Why

not

write

down

our

mistakes

in

our

notebook?为什么不在笔记本上把错误写下来?

9.

It’s

a

good

idea

to

spell

and

pronounce

new

words

aloud

every

day. 每天拼写和大声读出新单词是个好

10.

You’d

better(not)do

sth. 你最好(不)做某事

11.

I

also

advise

you

to

talk

about

the

films

or

songs

with

your

friends. 我也建议你跟你的朋友谈论电影和歌曲

’s

natural

to

forget

new

words!忘记新单词是合乎情理的。

13.

I

suggest

you

write

four

or

five

words

a

day

on

pieces

of

paper. 我建议你每天在纸上写下四五个单词。

you

like

to

do

sth. ?你想要做……?

四.语法要点:

1.

时态复习:

1).一般现在时:用来描述经常发生事情或真理。注意:be动词的正确用法以及动词的三单式。

The earth goes around the sun. Does the sun rise in the east? The sun doesn`t rise in the west.

2).一般过去时:用来描述过去的动作或状态。注意:不规则动词的过去式。

I visited the my Three Gorges Dam last year.

Did you visit the Three Gorges Dam last year?

I didn`t visit the Three Gorges Dam last year.

3). 一般将来时:用于表述即将发生的事情或行为以及未来的状态。

动词的基本结构:will / shall + 动词原形 表示个人意愿或想法以及时间上的将来。

1

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

be going to + 动词原形 表示“计划、打算、预测”。

The train will arrive at 8:30. I will call you as soon as he arrives.

They are going to go abroad. It is going to rain.

4).

现在进行时:用来表述现在正在发生的事情或行为或者现阶段的情况。现在进行时也可用于表示为将来安排好的活动或事件。动词的基本结构:be + V.-ing

注意:动词的-ing的加法。

They are having meeting now.(目前正在进行)

Are you studying physics this term?

这个学期你们学习物理吗?(现阶段情况)

My uncle is coming tomorrow.(移位动词,安排好的活动)

2. spend,

pay,

cost, take的用法区别:spend和pay主语是人,cost主语是物,take主语是it,且只用于时间

1). 人(作主语)+

spend

on

sth.

2). 人(作主语)+

spend (in)

doing

sth.

某人花费时间做某事

3). 物(作主语)+

cost (花某人多少钱)

4).

人(作主语)+

pay

for(付钱、花钱)

5). It

takes

sb.

some

time

to

do

sth.花某人多少时间去做某事

It

is

difficult

for

old

people

to

learn

English

well.对于老年人来说学习英语很难。

(以上动词不定式短语在句中作真正主语,It 是形式主语)

It

is

a

good

idea/way

to

do

sth.做某事是好主意/好方法

3. 当million,

billion,

thousand,hundred等前有具体数词修饰时,他们不加-s

和of,若表示不具体数目时则加-s 和of.

three

hundred 三百

hundreds

of 数以百计的

在several后面,可以加-s和of,也可以不加s和of, 如:several

millions

of

dollars ,several

million

dollars

4.

不定代词(Indefinite

pronouns):

some,any,one,each,all,every,no,none,both,none,much,many,nothing,either,neither,somebody…

形容词修饰不定代词时,放在不定代词后面:

如: something old, someone good

Module 2 My home town and my country.

一、重点短语:

travel

around

the

world环球旅行

one

day总有一天

stay

with

sb.跟某人呆在一起

put

on

take

off穿上

take

off起飞,脱下

the

price

of ……的价钱

fly

to

somewhere.飞到某地

on

the

coast 在沿海

most

days 大部分时间

the

population

of ……的人口

millions

of 数以百万的

as

as 和…..一样

二.固定结构:

be

famous

for 以……著名/闻名

be

famous

as 作为……出名/著名

bigger

and

busier 更大更繁华

much

wider 宽阔得多

many

other

cities 许多其他城市

how

respect

to

sb. 向某人表示尊敬

such

as 比如

in

fact 事实上

some

day 某一天

a

beautiful

city 一个美丽的城市

bring

sth.

with

sb. 某人随身携带某物

more

than=over 超过

sell

out卖光

e

+ 句子

I

was

late

this

morning

because

I

got

up

late. 今天早上我迟到了是因为我起迟了。

2

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

e

of +

n./名词短语

the

east/south/west/north

of 在….东/南/西/北(面)

+ 形容词/副词原级 +

as 和……一样

5.

not

as + 形容词/副词原级 +

as 不像……

6. have

a

population

of …表示“有……人口”。

三.重点句型:

1. It’s

taller

than

many

other

buildings.它比其他许多建筑物高。

2.----How

was

your

weekend? 你的周末怎么样?

-----Pretty

good! 相当好!

3.

It’s

getting

bigger

and

busier. 它变得更大更繁华。

4.

It’s

on

the

coast

near

Hong

Kong. 在靠近香港海岸线上。

5.

Some

day,it

will

become

as

busy

as

Hong

Kong.有一天,它会变得跟香港一样繁华。

6.

What’s

the

population

of

Shenzhen? 深圳的人口是多少?

The

population

of

Shenzhen

is

larger

than

that

of

many

other

cities

in

China.

深圳的人口要比中国其他城市的人口要大得多。

7.

My

home

town

is

especially

(尤其)

famous

for

it’s

university. 我的家乡尤其以它的大学而著名。

8.

Millions

of

tourists

visit

it

every

year

to

show

respect

to

President

Lincoln.

每年数以百万的旅游者来参观它是对林肯总统表示尊敬。

9.

There

are

lots

of

old

buildings

and

churches

to

visit.可以参观许多古老的建筑物和教堂。

10.

The

population

of

India

is

smaller

than

that

of

China

but

larger

than

that

of

Russia.

11. What

do

you

think

of…?

= How

do

you

like…? 你认为……怎么样?

四.语法要点:

1.

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级:

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:

1). 原级(不作比较),修饰词very,

so,

too,

pretty,

really;

as…(原级)as 与……一样……

not

as/so…as 不如

Liming

is

as

tall

as Jim. Jack

runs

as

fast

as Tom.

Lily

is

not

as/so

tall

as Lucy. = Lily

is

shorter

than

2). 比较级,表示“较……”或“更……”的意思(两者之间进行比较), 标志词than, A

or B,

of

the

two,

修饰词much,

a

lot,

a

little;

3). 最高级,表示“最……”的意思(三者或三者以上作比较),形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in(of)短语来什么比较的范围。

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化:

构 成 方 法

单音

节词

和部

分双

音节

一般在词尾加-er或-est

原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级

high

short

late

fine

hot

big

thin

fat

3

higher

shorter

later

finest

hotter

bigger

thinner

fatter

highest

shortest

latest

finest

hottest

biggest

thinnest

fattest

以字母e词尾的词,加-r或-st

重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写辅音字母,再加-er或-est

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先把“y”改为“i”,再加

-er或-est

多音节词和部分双音节词

在词前加more或most

funny

easy

early

funnier

easier

earlier

funniest

easiest

earliest

beautiful

athletic

outgoing

more

beautiful

more

athletic

more

outgoing

most

beautiful

most

athletic

most

outgoing

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化:

2. population的用法: 是一个集合名词,常与定冠词the连用,作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数。例如:

The

world’s

population

is

increasing

faster

and

faster. 指人口的多少,用large或small。

Module 3 Sports

一、重点短语:

原 级

good/well

bad/badly

many/much

little

far

比较级

better

worse

more

less

farther(更远)

further(更深远)

best

worst

most

least

farthest (最远)

furthest(最深远)

最高级

be

pleased

with

sb./sth.对某人/某事感到满意/16.

高兴

17.

not …at

all 根本,

一点也不

18.

play

against 与…..对打/对抗

19.

train

hard 努力训练

1.

just

now刚才

2.

grow

up长大

show

sth.

to

sb.=show

sb.

sth.向某人展示某物

4.

be

called/named被叫做…

5.

play

tennis 打网球

6.

look

tired 看上去很累

3.

7.

on

TV

在电视上/ 通过电视

8.

a

minute

ago 一分钟前

9.

several

minutes

ago 几分钟前

10.

as

early

as

we

can 尽可能早

11.

beat

sb. 打败某人

12.

stay

at

home 呆在家

to

me

carefully

仔细认真地听我讲

up 热身(活动/运动)

22.

keep

fit 保持健康

23.

be

late

for 迟到

24. something

exciting 令人兴奋的事

19.

in

the

final

match 在决赛中

20.

have

a

good

chance

of

doing

sth.有机会做某事

21.

cheer

sb.

on 为某人喝彩欢呼

22.

feel (more)

confident

to

do

sth.做某事觉得(更)有信心

23.

all

the

same 仍然、还是

13. bad

luck 运气不佳

14. never

mind 别介意

15.

go

to

the

stadium 去体育馆

4

24. so

that以至于

25. be

ready

for 准备好

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

二.固定结构:

1.

less

and

less越来越少。

2. more

and

more

beautiful. 越来越漂亮。

3. enjoy

doing

sth. 喜欢做某事

4. plenty

of +可数名词复数/+不可数名词

=

a

lot

of/lots

of 许多、大量

三.重点句型:

1. ——What’s

the

score? 比分是多少?

——Spain

scored

a

minute

ago. 西班牙刚进一球。

2.

So

this

week’s

match

is

already

more

exciting. 那么这周的比赛已经更加令人兴奋了。

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

What’s

the

matter

with

you? 你怎么了?

Watching

is

not

dangerous

and

it’s

more

relaxing

too! 观看(球赛)不危险而且更加令人放松。

Nothing

is

more

enjoyable

than

playing

tennis. 没有什么比打网球更令人愉快的了。

We

all

arrive

as

early

as

we

can

so

that

we

have

time

to

warm

up. 我们都尽早到达以便能有时间热身。

We

are

training

harder

than

usual

because

the

other

team

beat

us

last

year.

我们比平时训练更努力,因为去年另一个队打败了我们。

8.

It’s

more

difficult

to

practise

in

winter. 在冬天训练更加困难。

9. That

means

we

have

a

better

chance

of

winning. 那意味着我们赢的机会更大。

10.

They

cheer

us

on

loudly

and

we

feel

more

confident

to

win

the

game.他们大声为我们喝彩,而我们也更有信心赢得比赛。

11.

Table

tennis

is

more

exciting

than

tennis. 乒乓球比网球更令人兴奋。

practise

more

carefully

this

week

than

last

week. 他们这周比上周练习得更加仔细。

teacher

speaks

slowly

and

carefully.老师讲得又慢又仔细。

14. I

wish

you

more

and

more

beautiful.我祝愿你越来越漂亮。

15. ---Bad

buck! 运气不佳! ---

Never

mind. 没关系。

16.

The

water

in

the

pool

is

getting

less

and

less.池子里的水变得越来越少。

四.语法要点:

1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的特殊用法:

1). the +比较级,the + 比较级 越…..越…..

The

harder

you study,

the

better grades

you

will

get.你学习越努力,你取得的成绩越好。

2).比较级+比较级 越来越….. It`s hotter and hotter.天气越来越热了。

2. also,

too, as

well的用法区别:

also用于句中,too 用于句末,但有逗号,

as

well用于句末,但没有逗号

Module 4 Planes, ships and trains

一、重点短语:

1.

get

on

well

with

sb.与某人相处融洽

2.

in

fact事实上

3.

an

accident 一次事故

4.

how

often多久一次

5.

take

part

in 参加

6.

an

eight-year-old

boy 一个八岁的男孩

7.

have

to

do

sth.不得不去做某事

8.

get

home 到家

9.

take

the

/

a

bus

10.

by

bus 乘公共汽车

5

11.

take

a

taxi=

by

taxi 乘出租车

12.

close

to 靠近、接近

13.

book

the

ticket 订票

14.

far (away)

from 远离、离…..远

15.

much /

heavy

traffic 交通拥堵、拥挤

16.

except

sb. 除了某人

17.

as

much

as 与……一样多

18.

the

same

as 与…..一样

19.

be

different

from 与…..不同

20.

all

the

time 一只,总是

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

21.

have

a

nice

trip 旅途愉快

22.

most

of …… ……的大部分

二、固定结构:

23.

wait

for 等候

24.

how

far多远(提问路程多远)

1. walk

to =

go

to …on

foot 走路/步行

2.

how

soon多久以后(用in+一段时间提问,通常用于一般将来时

3.

second

cheapest

/

longest 第二便宜/长

4.

It

takes

/

took

sb.

some

timemoney

to

do

sth. 花费某人多长时间多少钱去做某事。

5.

because

of +名词(短语)、代词

6.

because +句子

三.重点句型:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

He

lives the farthest from school.

他住得离学校最远。

What

happened? 怎么了?

There

was

a

road

accident,

and

the

traffic

was

very

heavy. 路上发生了事故,交通很拥堵。

But

nobody

was

late,

except

me. 但除了我没有人迟到。

It’s

the

most

comfortable

way,

but

it’s

also

the

most

expensive. 这是最舒适的方式,但它也是最昂贵的。

How

long

does

the

journey

take

and

what

is

the

best

way

to

travel? 旅途花多长时间,最好的出行方式是什么?

The

more

information

,

the

better. 信息越多越好。

A

journey

by

train

is

more

relaxing

than

by

coach,

but

a

lot

more

expensive. 乘火车旅行比长途汽车更令人放松,但也贵得多。

9.

Book

your

ticket

before

you

book

your

hotel.在订房间之前先订票。

10.

It’s

better

to

go

to

Shanghai

first. 最好先去上海。

11.

Thanks

for

your

help. 感谢你的帮忙。

12.

Have

a

nice

trip! 祝你旅途快乐!

四. 语法要点:

1. 形容词和副词最高级:(见模块3《语法要点》)

2.反意疑问句:遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”的原则,另外反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词,谓语动词在时态和人称上要保持一致。隐形否定词即实际上表示否定意义的词:never

/

hardly

/

few

/

little

/

nothing

/

no

反问部分结构如下:

there

be→be

there? (be形式不同) ⑥ 一般现在时→do/does +主语?

⑦ 现在进行时→am/is/are +主语?

You’d

better→hadn’t

you?

⑧ 一般过去时→did +主语?

Let’s→shall

we?

⑨ 过去进行时→was/were+ 主语?

Let

us→will

you?

⑩ 情态动词→情态动词 +主语?

⑤ 祈使句→will

you?

注意:当句子里含有否定的意义时,则yes翻译成“不”,no翻译成“是”。

Module 5 Lao She Teahouse

一.重点短语:

1.

send

sb.

sth.=send

sth.

to

sb.发送某人某物

2.

think

of认为

3.

think

about考虑

4.

take

sth.

out

of 拿出

5.

take

away拿走带走

6.

get

up起床

6

7.

on

one’s

way

to …在某人去……的路上

8.

take

sb.

to

sw. 到某人到某地

9.

in

the

twentieth

century 在二十世纪

10.

after

finishing

school 毕业后

11.

be

named/called… 被称为……

12.

agree

to

do

sth.同意去做某事

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

13.

magic

show魔术表演

14.

traditional

food/festival传统食物/节日

15.

give

a

warm

welcome

to

sb.热烈欢迎(某人)

16.

all

over

the

world 全世界

二、固定结构:

17.

be

glad/happy

to

do

sth.高兴做某事

18.

offer

to

do

sth.主动提出去做某事

19.

agree

with

sb.同意某人

20.

plan

to

do

sth 计划做某事4.

in

the

end =

at

last=finnally 最后、最终

5.

one

of + 可数名词复数 …...之一

6.

one

of + 最高级+可数名词复数 最….之一

7.

buy

sb.

sth.=buy

sth.

for

sb. 为某人买某物1. every/each(每个)+V.单数

2. No

idea. =

I

have

no

idea. =

I

don’t

know.不知道

3.

make

sb.

do

sth. 使某人做某事

三.重点句型:

1.

I

want

to

see

the

Beijing

Opera. 我想去看京剧。

2.

So

Lingling

offered

to

take

me

there. 因此玲玲主动提出带我去那儿。

3.

It

was

difficult

to

understand

the

words. 理解台词很困难。

4.

It

describes

the

changes

in

Chinese

society. 它描述中国社会的变迁。

5.

I

hope

to

understand

more

next

time. 我希望下次能够理解更多。

6.

Teahouse

is

one

of

Lao

She’s

most

famous

plays. 《茶馆》是老舍最著名话剧之一。

7.

Lao

She

Teahouse

gives

a

warm

welcome

to

everyone

from

all

over

the

world.老舍茶馆热烈欢迎来自世界各地的人们。

8.

He

was

named “the

People’s

Artist”. 他被誉为“人民艺术家”。

9. ---Did

you

enjoy

it? 你喜欢它(京剧)吗?

---Well,

it

was

interesting.

That’s

the

main

thing.嗯,它(京剧)很有趣,那是重要的事。

10.--Who

is

Lao

She? 谁是老舍?

--No

idea. =

I

don’t

know. 我不知道。

11. Who

is

it

by? 由谁创作的?

四.语法要点:

1. 动词不定式(1):动词不定式属于非谓语动词,通常表示将来的行为(即尚未发生的动作),除了不能作谓语以外,其他成分均可作。

1.动词不定式作主语:To study English is easy.= It`s easy to study English.(it是形式主语,to study English是○真正主语)

2.动词不定式作宾语:及物动词后面的动词不定式即是宾语,如:

○I want to go. They need to learn something new.

2.双宾语:双宾语由直接宾语(是物)和间接宾语(是人)组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者,间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)。

Mom often gives me some money. = Mom often gives some money to me .(me是间接宾语,money是直接宾语)

Who teaches us maths? (us是间接宾语,maths是直接宾语)

Module 6 Animals in danger

一、重点短语:

1.

2.

3.

4.

get

close

to 接近, 靠近

be

interested

to

do

sth. 感兴趣去做某事

in

danger 处于危险中, 濒临灭绝

take

away 带走, 拿走

7

5.

6.

7.

8.

look

after 照顾、照管、看管、照料

find

out 找出、查明

protect

the

animals 保护动物

in

the

wild 在野外

最新外研版英语八年级上册知识点总结(精华版)

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

二、固定结构:

1.

be/get/become

interested

in

sth./doing

sth对某事/做某事感兴趣

lose

their

home 失去家园

do

a

lot

of

research 做大量研究

in

order

to +do

sth. 为了做某事

set

up

natures

parks 设立自然公园

develop

plans 制定计划

go

back

to =return

to 回归、回到

work

hard 努力工作学习

be

worried

about =worry

about 担心

a

symbol

of … 的象征/标志

18.

raise

money 集资,筹款

19.

have

a

safe

place

to

live 有安全住处

20.

in

peace和平的

21.

hear

of

sth. 听说

22.

a

fan

of …的粉丝

23.

not

only…..but

also…..不但……而且……

24.

allow

sb.

to

do

sth. 允许某人做某事

25.

stop

sb.(from)doing

sth. 阻止某人做某事

26.

ask

sb. (not)

to

do

sth. 叫某人(不)做某事

2. I

don’t

believe

it! 我不相信它!

3. sure

of/about

sth. 对某事有把握、确信

4.

be

sure

to

do

sth. 确信去做某事

5.

What’s

your

favourite… ?你最喜欢的……是什么?

三.重点句子:

1.

I

am

more

interested

to

see

the

pandas

in

the

Wolong

Panda

Reserve. 我对看卧龙保护区的熊猫更加感兴趣。

2.

Because

it

allow

people

to

get

closer

to

them.因为它允许人们更加接近它们。

3.

It’s

sad

to

think

of

the

pandas

and

other

animals

in

danger. 想起熊猫和其他频危动物就令我伤心。

4.

Many

wild

animals

don’t

have

a

safe

place

to

live. 许多野生动物没有安全的栖身之所。

5.

I

think

we

need

to

help

animals

live

in

peace.我想我们需要帮助动物们和平地生活。

6.

Let’s

find

out

what

else

we

can

do

to

save

as

many

animals

as

possible. 让我们找找我们还能为保护尽可能多的动物做些什么别的事?

7.

The

WWF

is

working

hard

to

save

them. 世界自然基金会正努力挽救所有动物。

8.

There

are

only

about 1,600

pandas

living

in

the

wild

today.今天只剩下大约1,600只熊猫生活在野外。

9.

Each

panda

needs

to

eat

a

lot

of

bamboo

every

day. 每天每只熊猫要吃掉许多竹子。

10.

The

zoo

asks

us

not

to

feed

the

animals. 动物园要求我们不能投喂动物。

10. We

should

work

hard

to

stop

people

killing

tigers. 我们应该努力阻止人们杀戮老虎。

11. We

need

to

protect

them

better. 我们需要更好地保护它们。

四.语法要点:

1. 动词不定式(2)

1.动词不定式作宾语补足语:

○Mr Han told us not to make too much noise. (不定式的否定式:not to do)

His words made us laugh. (使役动词make,let,have以及感官动词, hear,see,feel等,后面的不定式要省去to)

2.动词不定式作目的状语:

○He studies hard to get better grades.

2.

interested

与interesting 的区别:interested用于修饰人(加-ed)表示对……感兴趣,interesting用于修饰物(加-ing)表示某事或某物本身有趣。

通常加-ed用于人,加-ing用于修饰物,如:

excited /

bored

/

relaxed/surprised修饰人,exciting/

boring /

relaxing

/

surprising 修饰物

Module 7 A famous story

8

一.重点短语:

1.

by

the

river在河边

2.

be

late晚的,迟的

3.

on

the

grass在草地上

4.

smile

at

sb.朝某人微笑

5.

fall

down=go

down摔落

6.

have

nothing

to

do无事可做

7.

run

by/

past 跑过

8.

have

a

tea

party 开茶会

9.

once

or

twice 一两次

10.

see

/

hear

sb.

do

sth. 看见、听见某人做某事

11.

think

about 考虑、思考

12.

too…to 太……而不能

13.

take

out

of 从…..拿出

14.

run

after 追赶、追逐

二. 固定结构

15.

one

day 有一天

16.

try

to

do

sth.

17.

try

one’s

best

to

do

sth.尽力去做某事

18.

hear

from=receive/get

a

letter

from收到某人来信

19.

thanks

for

sth. 感谢某人

20.

smile

at

everyone 对每个人微笑

21.

can’t

wait

to

do

sth.等不及去做某事

22.

wear

glasses戴眼镜

23.

at

first首先reach

sw.

24.

sound

like听起来像

25.

the

captain

of……的队长

26.

work

hard努力工作

27.

get/be

angry

with

sb. 对某人生气

28.

be

angry

at/about

sth. 对某事生气

29.

a

bit=a

little有点儿

1. a

girl

called

Alice 一个名字叫做爱丽丝的女孩

6. arrive

at+小地点

2. with

a

watch 带着一块手表

7. arrive

in +大地点

3. What’s

the

matter

with

you? 你怎么了?

8. what

for=why 为什么

9.

be

afraid+句子

=What’s

wrong

with

you?

4. in

a

tree (人或外来物)在树上

10. be

afraid

to

do

sth.害怕做某事

5.

(on

a

tree 水果) 在树上

11. be

afraid

of

doing

sth.

担心(害怕)会发生某事(是一种无意行为)

He was afraid to swim because she was afraid of drowning.他不敢游泳,因为他担心会被淹死

12. smell/look/taste/feel/sound/turn/get

(变得)/

become+adj.

三.重点句子:

1.

What’s

the

book

about? 这本书是关于什么的?

2.

It’s

about

a

girl

called

Alice. 它是关于一个叫作爱丽丝的女孩的故事。

3.

Alice

was

sitting

with

her

sister

by

the

river

and

she

saw

a

white

rabbit

with

a

watch. 爱丽丝正和她姐姐坐在河边,这时她看到一只带着手表的白兔。

4.

Alice

followed

it

and

fell

down

a

hole

in

the

ground. 爱丽丝跟着它,然后掉进地上的一个洞里。

1.

It

was

sitting

in

a

tree

and

smiling

at

everyone. 它坐在一棵树上并对每个人微笑。

2.

They

were

having

a

tea

party

in

the

garden. 他们正在花园里开茶会。

3.

She

was

playing

a

strange

game. 她在玩一个怪异的游戏。

4.

Alice

had

nothing

to

do. 爱丽丝无事可做。

5.

Once

or

twice

she

looked

into

her

sister’s

book. 偶尔她看一下姐姐的书。

6.

There

was

nothing

strange

about

that. 关于那个没有什么奇怪的。

7.

Alice

got

up

and

ran

across

the

field

after

it. 爱丽丝站起来后跟着它跑过田野。

8.

She

found

that

she

was

falling

down

a

very,

very

deep

hole. 她发现她掉进一个很深很深的洞里。

9.

It

was

too

dark

for

her

to

see

anything. 太黑了,她看不见任何东西。

四.语法要点:

1.过去进行时(1):表示过去某个时刻正在做某事。基本结构:主语+was

/

were

+

doing 表示过去进行时的时间短语有:at

that

time,

at

that

moment,

at

this

time

yesterday,

at…o’clock

yesterday,

from…to…last

night

9

When/While we were having supper at 6

o’

yesterday, the light went out.昨天下午6点钟我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了.

2.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别:

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或时间段正在进行或持续的动作;一般过去时表示过去的时间里所发生的动作,所表示的动作往往已经完成。如:

I was writing to my friend at 8 o`clock last night.昨晚八点我在给朋友写信。(信可能还没有写完)

I wrote to my friend last night.昨晚我给朋友写了一封信。(信已经写完)

Module 8 Accidents

一.重点短语:

1.

round

the

corner 在拐角处

2.

fall

off 从…..摔下来

3.

behind

the

fridge 在冰箱后

4.

in

time 及时

5.

on

time 按时、准时

6.

the

risk

of …..的危险、风险

7.

take

the

risk

of 冒…..的危险

8.

pay

attention 注意、专心

9.

a

few

days

earlier / ago几天前

10.

pick

up 捡起,拾起

11.

in

great

pain 剧痛中

12.

take

a

photo 照相

13.

take

a

photo

of … 给…..照相

三. 固定结构

14.

as

soon

as 一……就

15.

on

the

road 在路上

16.

send…

to … 送……到……

17.

show

sb.

sth

.=show

sth.

to

sb.给某人看(展示)某物

18.

the

map

of…..的地图

19.

hurt

badly 伤得很严重

20.

welcome

to… 欢迎到、来…..

21.

a

clear

day晴朗的一天

22.

get

off下车

get

on上车

23.

as

usual 象往常一样

24.

happen

to

do

sth. 恰巧做某事

25.

climb

out 爬出1. pay

attention

to +sth./doing

sth.

2.

as

you

know 正如你所知道的

3.

side

by

side=

shoulder

to

shoulder肩并肩地,并排地

4.

change

to

red 变成红色

三.重点句子:

5.

a

clear

day晴朗的一天

6.

get

worse 变得严重/糟糕

7.

over

there在那儿

8.

do

some

shopping=go

shopping

1.

While

the

lights

were

changing

to

red,

a

car

suddenly

appeared. 当交通灯正要变红时,一辆小车突然出现。

2.

I

was

waiting

to

cross

the

road. 我正等待过马路。

3.

And

the

driver

was

talking

on

his

mobile

phone. 司机正用他的手机打电话。

4.

So

when

you’re

on

your

bike,

think

about

the

risk

of

an

accident! 所以当你骑自行车时,考虑事故发生的危险。

5.

Don’t

ride

side

by

side

with

your

friends. 不要和你的朋友并排骑车。

6.

As

he

was

lying

there

in

great

pain. 他躺在那里,疼得厉害。

7.

The

car

stopped

just

in

time,

but

the

boy

fell

off

his

bike…..

汽车及时停了下来,但是男孩从自行车上摔了下来……

8.

Pay

attention,

stop

at

the

red

lights

and ……what

else? 注意,红灯处要停下来……还有什么?

9.

I

was

trying

to

pick

it

up

when

it

bit

me

again. 我正试图捡起它(那条蛇),突然它(蛇)又咬了我一口。

10.

I

threw

it

across

the

kitchen,

and

it

landed

on

a

table. 我把它(蛇)扔向厨房的另一面,它(蛇)掉落在桌子上。

3.--You

look

pale.

Are

you

all

right? 你看起来脸色苍白,你好吗?

---I’m

OK.

But

I

saw

an

accident. 我很好,但是我看见了一次事故。

13. I

was

walking

along

the

street

when

the

accident

happened. 当事故发生时,我正在街上走。

四.语法要点:

10

1.过去进行时(2):

when 与while从句与过去进行时连用的区别:

1). when所引导的时间状语从句即可以指时间点也可以指时间段,而while只指时间段。when即可以引导终止性单词也可以引导延续性动词;而while 只能引导延续性动词。如:

They arrived while we were having dinner.= They arrived when we were having dinner.我们吃饭的时候他们到了.

2). 由when所引导的时间状语从句,如主句用过去进行时、从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作的突然性。如:

We were chatting when he came in.= While we were chatting , he came in.

我们正在聊天,他(突然)进来了。

3).当主句和从句动作都是延续性的或同时发生的,主句从句都用过去进行时的时候,则用while

引导。如:

I was doing my homework while mom was cooking.我在做作业的时候妈妈正在煮饭。

Module 9 Population

一.重点短语:

1.

prepare

for =get

ready

for 为…..做准备

2. an

eight-year-old

girl 一个8岁大的女孩

3.

growing

/increasing

population正在增长的人口

4.

one

fifth

of 五分之一的

9.

be

excited

to

do

sth.兴奋去做某事

10.

make /let/have

sb.

do

sth.使/让某人做某事

11.

have

no

place

to

live

in没有地方可住

12.

look

for寻找

fifths

of 五分之二的

6.

hang

on

a

minute=wait

a

minute

=wait

a

moment等一下

7.

in

danger处于危险中

8.

go

back返回

二.固定结构

13. find

out查清(通过研究找出结果)

14.

make

a

plan定一个计划

15.

not…any

more 不再…..

16. close

down 关闭;关停

17.

solve

a

problem 解决问题

much + 不可数名词 太多的

many + 可数名词复数

too+adj. 太......

too

heavy=too

heavy 太重

as没有逗号,后面一般加名词或者短语

三.重点句子:

6.

for

example一般有逗号,后面一般加句子

7.

fewer

and

fewer越来越少 + 可数名词

8. .

less

and

less 越来越少 +不可数名词

9. more

and

more越来越多 +可数、不可数名词

10.

adj. +

enough

to

do

sth.足够…..去做某事

1.

The

population

of

China

is

about 1.37

billion.中国人口大约是十三亿七千万。

2.

Beijing

is

a

huge

city

with

a

big

population. 北京是一个拥有众多人口的大城市。

3.

Population

increase

is

a

big

problem

in

many

countries. 人口增长问题在许多国家都是一个大问题。

4.

That

causes

a

lot

of

problems,

such

as

too

much

traffic

and

noise.那样会造成很多问题,例如交通拥堵和噪声太多。

5.

I

can’t

believe! 我简直无法相信!

6.

It

takes

an

hour

to

get

there

by

bus. 乘公共汽车去那里需要花一个小时。

7.

It

is

clear

that

Arnwick

needs

more

school. 显然,阿恩维克需要更多的学校。

8.

What’s

the

population

of

China?中国的人口是多少?

9.

That’s

almost

one

fifth

of

the

world’s

population.那几乎是世界人口的五分之一。

10.

Hang

on

a

minute!

I’ll

write

that

down

too! 等等!我要把这点也记下来!

四.语法要点:

1.冠词:(Article)是一种虚词,本身不能独立使用,只能放在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物,只有三个,一种是不定冠词(Indefinite Article) a,an,一种是定冠词(Definite Article) the, 此外也有些特定场合不用冠词,即通常所称的零冠词(Zero Article)

11

1). 不定冠词的用法:

A. ①泛指—类人或物。eg. This is a pencil case.

②指不具体的某个人或物。eg. I met an old man on my way home.

③用在序数词前,相当于another. eg. There’s a third boy near the shop.

④表示“每—(个)”,相当于every. eg. They have music lessons twice a week.

B. a与an的用法区别:a用于辅音(指的是音标,而不是辅音字母)开头的词前。an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。

a boy, a university u是元音字母,但发音是/j/是辅音。

an hour ,an honor , h是辅音字母,但它不发音,它的音标是是元音。

2). 定冠词(the)的用法:

1. 世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙) The sun rises in the east.

2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Where is the teacher? Open the door.

3. 指前文提过的人或事物。 I have a beautiful wallet, but the wallet was stolen yesterday.

4. 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 Give me the book.

5. 用在方位名词前 in the south, in the west ,in the north

6. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前, The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.

He is the tallest one in our class.

7.

用于江河湖海,山脉等地理名词前以及由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:the Alps,the Great Wall

8.

用于(西洋)乐器前面,如:play the guitar

9.用于姓氏前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇”,如:the Greens, the Wangs

10.用于固定短语,如:at the moment, in the morning

3). 零冠词:

A. 在球类活动、学科名称前以及月份星期前不用冠词。We have Chinese or English in the morning.

B.名称前面已经有指示代词、物主代词或数词等作定语时,则不用冠词。This book is mine.

C.在某些固定词组和习惯用语中不用冠词,如:by bus, at night, in trouble

注意:在某些词组在用与不用冠词分别代表不同意义:in class(在课堂上),in the class(在班上),

in hospital

(生病住院) ,

in the hospital(在医院里),at table(在吃饭),at the table(在桌子旁)

4. 数字的读法:

三位数读法:几百和几十几,用and连接百位与后面两位数 如: 365:three hundred and sixty five

多位数读法:由右向左每3位有一逗号,逆向第一个逗号读thousand;向左再推三位,第二个逗号读million;第三个逗号读billion (十亿);第四个逗号就是trillion(兆)。如:134582160读作:one hundred and thirty four million five

hundred and eighty two thousand one hundred and sixty

Module 10 The weather

一.重点短语:

1.

come

on 快点,加油,赶快

2.

quite

a

lot 相当多,非常多

3.

on

the

lake 在湖面上

4.

all

year

round 全年

5.

had

better(not)do

sth.最好(不)做某事

6.

compare

with 与……对比

7.

from

time

to

time 时不时地

8.

though/although虽然

12

9.

take

place发生

10.

the

story

of……的故事

11.

the

centre

of…..的中心

12.

pay…

for …为….付费(花费)

13.

so…

that 如此…..以至于

14.

take /bring

sb.

around

sw带某人到处参观

15.

the

best

place

to

do

sth. 做某事最好的地方

16.

the

best

time

to

do

sth. 做某事最好的时节

17.

play

a

joke

with

sb. 跟某人开玩笑

18.

between…and…在……和……之间

19.

from…to…从...到...

20.

quite

a

lot 很多

二. 固定结构

1.

heavy rain大雨

2.

strong wind大风

5. have

a

good

time=enjoy

oneself 玩得高兴/过得愉快

21.

from

time

to

time 经常

22.

turn

gold 变黄

23.

get

warm 变暖

24.

take

photos

of…… 给……拍照

You

are

welcome. /

That’s

all

right.=That’s

OK. 不用谢

6. be

born

in +地点./on+日期(具体某一天)

7.

one

of 最高级+可数名词复数+V.单数

must

be

joking!=You

can’t

be

serious.

三.重点句子:

1.

What’s

the

weather

like

in

America

in

winter,

Betty? 贝蒂,美国的冬天天气怎么样?

2. What’s

the

weather

like

today? =

How

is

the

weather

today?今天天气怎么样?

What

will

the

weather

be

like

tomorrow ? =How

will

the

weather

be

tomorrow? 明天天气将会是怎么样?

3.

You

can

go

to

Hainan

Island

if

you

like

sunny

weather. 如果你喜欢晴朗的天气,你可以去海南岛。

4.

Not

usually,

although

this

year

it

snowed

quite

a

lot. 这里不常下雪,虽然今年雪下得有点多。

5.

The

weather

gets

cooler,

and

the

leaves

start

to

turn

gold,

then

brown. 天气变得更凉爽,绿叶也开始变成金黄色,然后变成棕色。

6.

If

you

want

to

visit

Alaska,

you

had

better

go

in

summer. 如果你想去阿拉斯加,你最好在夏天去。

7.

There

are

storms

from

time

to

time

in

summer

and

autumn. 但是在夏天和秋天时常会有暴风雨。

8.

What’s

the

temperature? 气温是多少?

9. ---I

don’t

like

showers

or

windy

weather. 我不喜欢阵雨和刮风的天气。

---Me

neither. 我也不喜欢。

10.

When

is

the

best

time

to

visit

your

country? 参观你的国家的最好时节是什么时候?

11.

Come

on,

better

get

going! 好了,走吧!

四、 语法要点:

1.情态动词(1):

may/might表示 “可能”

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,虽然有一定词义,但不受主语人称和数的变化影响后面始终跟动词原形,否定式在情态动词后面加not.

表示可能发生某事时用may/might,might是may的过去式,might表示的可能性比may要小。

例如:He may be at home.

他可能在家。

Tom may not know about it.

汤姆可能不知道这件事。

I was afraid you might not agree with me.

我担心你可能不同意我的意见。

They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.

他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。

除了may/might表示 “可能”以外,还可以用will以及表示 “可能”的形容词或副词来表达,常用的有:

It is possible to do sth. It is possible that … ,

主语+will probably/possibly + v.

例如:

Is possible to finish the task on time.按时完成任务有可能吗?

It is possible that it will rain.有可能会下雨。

It

will probably be hot.天气很可能会热。

2.不定代词(Indefinite

pronouns):

13

some,any,one,each,all,every,no,none,both,none,much,many,nothing,either,neither,somebody…

复合不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词要后置:somebody/adybody/nobody)+adj.(形容词)

Module 11 Way of life

一.重点短语:

1.

do

some

cleaning扫地

2.

tell

me

more说的更多点

3.

on

the

first

day

of 在第一天

4.

taste

great 尝起来美味

5.

get

to

know 认识

6.

something

interesting 有趣的事情

7.

for

the

first

time 初次,第一次

8.

have

afternoon

tea 喝下午茶

9.

a

light

meal 便餐

10.

not

just…but (also) 不仅……而且

三. 固定结构

11.

at

around 4

pm.四点钟左右

12.

take

it

away 带走

13.

drink

tea

with

milk 喝加油牛奶的茶

14.

stand/

wait

in

a

line 排队

the

age

of +数字 在…..岁时

16.

immediately=at

once=right

now 马上/立刻

17.

use

sth.

for

sth. 用什么做…..

18.

with

both

hands 用双手

19.

have

one’s

hair

cut 理发

20.

touch

sb.

on

the

shoulder

=

touch

one’s

shoulder碰某人肩膀

1. do

some

reading 看书

2. do

some

shopping 购物

3.

in

the

west 在西方

三.重点句子:

1.

What

a

surprise! 多么惊喜啊!

4. happy

birthday 生日快乐

5.

on

the

left-hand

side (of) 在左边

6. on

the

right-hand

side (of) 在右边

7.

for

example 例如

2.

And

you

mustn’t

break

anything .

It’s

bad

luck.而且,你千万别打破东西,这不吉利。

3.

And

you’d

better

not

cut

your

hair

during

the

Spring

Festival. 在春节期间你最好不要理发。

4.

For

example,

you

must

say

Mr

or

Mrs

when

you

meet

someone

for

the

first

time.

例如,初次与人见面时,你必须称呼先生或女士。

5.

Sometimes

people

are

slow

to

get

on

the

bus. 有时候人们慢慢上公共汽车。

6.

You

need

to

stand

in

line

and

wait

your

turn. 上公共汽车时, 你需要排队按顺序上。

7.

You

can’t

be

serious! 你不会是认真的吧!

8.

Afternoon

tea

is

not

a

drink

but

a

light

meal

at

around 4pm.下午茶不仅仅是喝茶,而且是下午4点左右的一顿便餐。

9.

Fish

and

chips

is

traditional

food

in

England. 炸鱼加炸薯条是英国的传统食物。

10.

You

can

take

it

away

and

eat

it

with

your

fingers!你可以把它带走,然后直接用手拿着吃。

四.语法要点

1.情态动词(2):must, can, need等的用法

1). must

a.表示义务意为“必须,一定要”,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定式是must not(缩写形式是mustn`t)表示“不能,禁止”

We must do everything step by step.

我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。

You mustn’t talk to her like that.

你不可能那样对她说话。

--Must we hand in our exercise—books now?

我们现在就要交练习本吗?

--No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn’t)

b.表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。

He must be ill. He looks so pale.

他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。

She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 她戴着钻石项链,一定很有钱。

14

c. must与have to的区别:两者均表示“必须”,must强调说话者的主观看法,have to强调客观需要,有“不得不,被

迫”之意

2). can

a. 表示“能力”,否定式是

cannot或can`t. (以前学过)。如: He can speak English.他能说英语。

b.表示“可能”,否定式是

cannot或can`t. (以前学过)。如:

He

can’t

have

enough

money

for

a

new

house. 他不可能有足够的钱买新房子。

c.表示“许可,可以”,否定式是

cannot或can`t

表示“不能,不可以”,语气比must not(mustn`t)要弱。

Can

I

have

a

look

at

your

new

cellphone? 我可以看一看你的新手机吗?

You can`t put the milk in first.你不能先倒牛奶。(无禁止的含义)

3). need

need作情态动词表示“需要”主要用于疑问句和否定句,也可用于肯定句。否定式是

need not或needn`t表示“不需要”或“不必要”。

If you want anything, you need only ask.如果你需要什么,说一声就行了。

You needn`t wait for him.你不必等他。

4). must, can, need的一般疑问句的构成及回答

must开头的一般疑问句肯定回答用must,但否定回答不能用must来回答。如:

--Must I come tomorrow? --Yes, you must. --No, you needn`t / don`t have to.

can

开头的一般疑问句肯定回答用can来回答,否定句用can`t回答。如:

--Can I go now?

我现在能走了吗?

--Yes, you can. / No, you can`t.

可以 / 不行。

need开头的一般疑问句肯定回答用must来回答,但否定回答不能mustn`t, 而是用needn`t来回答。如:

--Need I report it to the headmaster?我要向校长报告这件事吗?

--Yes, you must.是的,你必须报告。(表示必须做)

--No, you needn`t.不,没必要。(表示没有必要)

Module 12 Help

一.重点短语:

1.

hang

on 等等/别挂断

2.

first

aid 急救

3.

stop

to

do

sth.停下来去做某事

4.

stop

doing

sth. 停下来正在做的事情

5.

first

of

all 首先,第一

6.

at

the

bottom

of 在…..的底部

7.

15.

let

sb.

do

sth.让某人做某事

16.

stay

out呆在外面

have

trouble/difficulty

doing

sth.做某事有困难/麻烦

8.

make

a

sound 出声、发出声音

9.

make

noise 制造噪音

10.

hear

sb.

doing

sth.听到某人正在做某事

11.

hear

sb.

do

sth. 听到某人做过某事.

12. catch/ have

a

cold感冒

13.

catch

a

bus赶公共汽车

14.

catch

up

with

sb./sth.追赶某人/某物

二.固定结构:

15

17. keep

calm 保持镇定、冷静

18.

jump

out

of 从…..跳出

19.

keep

clear

of 与…..不接触、不靠近

20.

a

part

of… …..的一部分

careful

of 小心 ,注意

22.

stay / move

away

from 离开,远离

23.

run

away

from 从……逃跑

24.

in

short 总之,简言之

a

beach 在海滩上

26.

warn

sb.

about

sth. 警告某人某事

27. shout

for

help 大声呼救

28.

lift

up 抬起,提起

1. a

few+可数名词复数: (表示肯定)

2.

a

little +不可数名词: (表示肯定)

3.

few+可数名词复数:几乎没有…..(表示否定)

4. little+不可数名词:几乎没有……(表示否定)

三.重点句子:

1.

But

he

could

have

trouble

hearing

you

or

speaking

to

you. 但是他有可能很难听到你说话或者和你说话。

2.

Make

him

comfortable. 让他觉得舒服。

3.

Make

sure

he

is

warm. 确保他不受凉。

4.

That’s

such

good

advice

that

you

could

be

a

doctor,

Betty! 那是个如此好的建议,以至于你都可以当医生了,贝蒂。

5.

In

the

mountains,

be

careful

of

falling

rocks.在山区,千万要小心滚石。

6.

Stay

away

from

windows

and

heavy

furniture. 远离窗户和很重的家具。

7.

Keep

calm,

especially

when

you’re

with

other

people. 保持头脑清醒,特别是和别人在一起的时候。

8.

In

short,

follow

what

you

learn

in

school.总之,要严格按你在学校学的去做。

9.

It

can’t /

couldn’t

be

the

headmaster.

He

has

gone

to

America. 这不可能是校长,校长去美国了。

10.

No

smoking! 禁止吸烟!

11.

Do

not

jump

out

of

high

buildings. 不要从高建筑物跳下。

12.

Leave

the

building

quickly

when

the

ground

stops

shaking,

but

do

not

use

the

lift. 当地面停止晃动时,赶快离开建筑物,但不要乘电梯。

13.

What

can

we

do

to

help

him? 我们能做些什么帮助他?

14.

What

to

do

in

an

earthquake? 在地震中需要做些什么?

15.

What

should

we

do

before

help

arrives? 在救援者到来之前我们应做些什么?

四.语法要点

1.祈使句:表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、建议、命令或请求等。通常以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化。常见句型有:

1).

动词原形构成的祈使句

Don`t waste your money!别浪费钱了!

Make sure he is safe.确保他安全。

Never be late again!

别再迟到了! Please be quiet, kids!

孩子们,请安静!

2). let`s

构成的祈使句

Let`s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。

Let`s go shopping, shall we?我们去购物好吗?

3). let`s

无动词祈使句

Just a moment, please!

请稍等!

This way, please!

这边请!

2. can, could must,表示推测

1). can

和could表示“能力,可以”,还可表示对现在或将来的推测,意思是“会,可以,can表示推测时”,用于疑问句和否定句。用于疑问句时,can比could表示的“可能性”大;用于否定句时,can`t/ cannot表示“不可能”。如:You can`t be serious!你不是认真的吧!

could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。如:

You could be in pain.

你可能很疼。

That could be useful.那可能有用。

Can/could it be true?

它有可能是真的吗?

2).情态动词must也可表示推测,表示“一定,准是”,但通常只用于肯定句。如:

Betty, you must know! 贝蒂,你肯定知道!

3. both 、either和

neither的用法区别

both(两者都)后面跟动词的复数形式,

either(两者中的任何一个)后面跟动词的单数形式,

neither(两者都不)后面跟动词的单数形式 。

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本文标签: 表示 动词 用于 可能 发生