研究生英语阅读教程(基础级)第三版 课后习题答案 Lesson 6

1. I advocate a holistic recognition that biology and culture interpenetrate in an

inextricable manner.

A. complicated（复杂的；难懂的）

C. customary（迷人的）

B. unavoidable（不可避免的）

D. incomprehensible（难以理解的）

译文：我主张应全面认识到，生物学和文化以一种不可分割的方式相互渗透。

2. The romantic painting movement introduced a taste for the mysterious as well as a

love of the picturesque and sublime nature.

A. immense（巨大的）

C. magnificent（壮丽的，华丽的）

B. fascinating（吸引人的）

D. enchanting（迷人的；妩媚的）

译文：浪漫主义的绘画运动带来了对神秘的品味，以及对风景如画和崇高自然的热爱。

3. One important feature of the period was the growth of Buddhism. Its adherents

honored the Buddha in order to be reborn in his paradise.

A. sponsors（赞助者）

C. advocators（倡导者）

B. supporters（支持者）

D. advisors（建议者）

译文：这一时期的一个重要特征是佛教的发展。它的信徒尊敬佛陀是为了在他的天堂重生。

4. As censorship was extremely strict in that period, little authentic news came out of

the country.

A. negative（消极的）

C. official（官方的）

B. disastrous（灾难性的）

D. reliable（可靠的；可信赖的）

译文：由于当时的审查制度极其严格，几乎没有真正的新闻流出中国。

5. If a block of wood is completely immersed in water, the upward force is greater than

the weight of the wood.

A. dipped（侵；泡）

C. forced（强迫）

B. pressed（按）

D. pushed（推）

译文：如果一块木头完全浸入水中，向上的力大于木头的重量。

6. According to Zhuangzi. a Daoist philosopher of the late 4th century BC, through

mystical union with the Dao the individual could transcend nature and even life and

death.

A. dissolve（使溶解，分解）

C. surpass（超越，胜过）

B. upraise

D. depress（压抑；使沮丧）

译文：根据庄子。作为公元前4世纪后期的道家哲学家，通过与道的神秘结合，个体可以超越自然，甚至超越生死。

7. As economic growth ground to a halt, the local populations grew more and more

disaffected.

A. indifferent（漠不关心的）

C. unvalued（无价的）

B. resentful（感到愤怒的）

D. indignant（愤慨的）

译文：随着经济增长停滞不前，当地居民越来越不满。

8. Capitalism was beset by cycles of“ boom and bust', periods of expansion and

prosperity followed by economic collapse and waves of unemployment.

A. failure（失败）

C. loss（损失）

B. transition（过渡，转变）

D. depression（不景气；忧愁，沮丧）

译文：资本主义被“繁荣与萧条”的周期所困扰，经济扩张与繁荣的时期随之而来的是经济崩溃和失业浪潮。

9. At that time, life was nearly as taxing for all-black bands: black musicians were

required to use kitchen entrances and service elevators, which forced them to

confront the ugly realities of racial discrimination.

A. miserable（悲惨的，痛苦的）

C. unbearable（无法忍受的）

B. hard（艰难的）

D. harsh（严厉的，严酷的）

译文：在那个时候，所有黑人乐队的生活几乎同样艰难:黑人音乐家被要求使用厨房入口和服务电梯，这迫使他们面对种族歧视的丑陋现实。

10. Modern and implicit censorship has nothing like the power of the old system and

contrary opinion is never entirely stifled.

A. released（释放；允许发表）

C. retarded（延迟，阻止，妨碍）

B. arrested（被逮捕）

D. prohibited（被禁止的）

译文：现代的隐性审查制度与旧制度的权力完全不同，相反的意见从来没有被完全压制过。

in control of（控制）

variables（变数，变量）

on paper（在纸上，理论上）

once in a while（偶尔，间或）

make sense（讲得通，有意义，言之有理）

within the framework（以…的标准，准则）

it turns out（结果是，证明）

take away from（减损，减少）

for（以…换…）

take heart（有信心，振作起来）

1. The most famous private boarding schools are open to the public on paper , but in

reality are attended by those who can afford the fees.

译文：大多数著名的私立寄宿学校名义上是向公众开放的，但实际上并非如此那些付得起学费的人才被允许进入就读。

2. She loved her dog so much that after years of its death she still thinks of it once in a

while .

译文：她非常爱她的狗，以至于在它死了多年之后，她仍然偶尔想起它。

3. An equation is said to be satisfied for certain values of the variables if the

expression on the left side of the equation is equal to that on the right side.

译文：如果方程左边的表达式等于右边的表达式，则称方程满足某些变量的值。

4. The Commission was to formulate plans for establishing an international control

organ within the framework of the Security Council.

译文：委员会将拟订在安全理事会范围内设立一个国际管制机构的计划。

5. He lost his confidence after he lost the first two trails. but his coach told him to take

heart ,so that he could win at last.

译文：在输掉前两场比赛后，他失去了信心。但是他的教练告诉他要振作起来，这样他才能最终获胜。

6. His refusal to accept the prize does not takes away from his success in writing it.

译文：他拒绝接受这个奖并没有影响他写作的成功。

7. The presentation of his paper was highly praised, but it turned out was that the

paper copied from the Internet.

译文：他的论文的展示受到了高度赞扬，但结果是论文是从网上抄袭的。

8. Maria has read it for four times, but the letter still doesn't make sense to her.

译文：玛丽亚已经读了四遍了，但这封信对她来说还是没有意义。

9. Susan was in control of the meeting, and after singing and prayer she introduced

a strange friend from America.

译文：苏珊主持会议，唱完歌，做了祷告之后，她介绍了一位来自美国的陌生朋友。

10. The early settlers traded copper for corn from natives.

译文：早期的定居者用铜和当地人交换玉米。

1. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who coined the term flow, which adherents of positive

psychology would use to describe the job-induced highs, says that distinction is a

false one.“ Anything can be enjoyable if the elements of flow are present," he writes

in his Sook Good Business.“ Within that framework, doing a seemingly boring job

can be a source of greater fulfillment than one ever thought possible.”

译文：米哈里.齐凯因特米哈里认为这种区分是错误的。他发明了“强感受”（flow）这个说法，信奉正面心理学的人常用此词来描述由工作而引发的兴奋状态。在《称心如意的工作》一书中他写道：“只要存在强感受因素，任何事情都能给我们带来愉悦。根据这一观点，从事一份表面看上去枯燥的工作会给人们带来想象不到的更大的成就感”

2. But neither the late 1990s boom nor the subsequent bust had much impact in either

direction，indicating that the state of worker happiness goes much deeper than the

swings of the economy.

译文：但是20世纪90年代后期的经济繁荣和随之而来的经济萧条都没有对员工的两种工作态度产生多大影响，这表明工人在工作中是否能获得快乐感有比经济形势更深层的原因。

3. Martina Radix, 41, traded a high-pressure job as an executive assistant at a company

where she liked her colleagues for a less taxing position as a clerical worker in a law

firm six years ago. She has more time and flexibility but feels stifled by her

co-workers and unappreciated by her boss. "I am a misfit in that department,” she

says “No matter how good your personal life is, If you go in to a bad atmosphere at

work, it takes away from it.

译文：41岁的马丁娜.雷迪克斯原是一家公司的经理助理，虽然工作压力大，但她和同事相处都很好，6年前她换了工作，到一家律师事务所成了一名职位相对清闲的办事员。如今她时间多了，自由度也大了，但她感觉和这里的同事共事太压抑，也得不到老板的赏识。她说：“我不适应这个部门。不管你个人生活多惬意，如果工作单位氛围不好，个人生活就会大受影响。”

4. In fact, engagement at work is less a function of your personality than is happiness

in general. Harter estimates that individual disposition accounts for only about 30%

of the difference between employees who are highly engaged and those who are

not. The rest of it is shaped by the hundreds of interactions that employees have

every day with co-workers, supervisors and customers.

译文：实事上，对工作的投入与其说是人的个性使然，不如说是源于人们在工作中总体上感到的快乐。哈特认为，对工作高度投入与并不投入的员工之间之所以存在差异，员工的个性只起30%的作用，其他的取决于员工每天与同事、主管以及客户的频繁交往。

5. Until recently, businesspeople would dismiss employee well-being as “outside their

domain and kind of fringe-ish",says Thomas Wright, a professor of organizational

behavior at the University of Nevada, Reno. Early hints of the importance of worker

happiness were slow to be accepted.

译文：内华达大学里诺分校的组织行为学教授托马斯.赖特说，直到不久前，企业家们还不愿考虑员工是否工作心情舒畅的问题，认为这“不属于他们关心的范围，和他们的责任范围相去甚远”

6. But later studies that looked at job-satisfaction ratings were inconsistent. Broader

measures of happiness, it turns out, are better predictors of productivity.

译文：但后来对工作满意度的研究结果却前后矛盾。现在看来，用更广泛的衡量标准来评估快乐感受，能更有效地预测生产率。

7. But at the very least, businesses could do better just by paying attention to what

their employees want and need. Then more of us could find a measure of fulfillment

in what we do. And once in a while, we might hope to transcend it all. It can happen

on the basketball court，in front of a roaring crowd, or in a classroom, in front of just

one grateful student.

译文：但（紧紧是）通过（更加）关心员工的需求，至少企业可能发展的更好。那样，我们更多的人就会在工作中找到一定程度的满足感。而且偶尔我们可能还希望获得最大程度的满足。这种情况可能发生在篮球场上喧闹欢呼的人群前，也可能发生在教室里，在紧紧一个充满感激的学生面前。