动词分类(瞬间动词延续性动词)

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英语动词分类记忆

I．主要常用不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不能跟宾语。只能用以："主＋谓"结构。

agree disagree quarrel shout cry laughwait remain sleep rest head exist live dance

II. 延续动词与瞬间动词表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成, 瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

1) 用于完成时的区别 延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)

I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

2) 用于till / until从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到…" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到…，才……"

He didn't come back until ten o'clock.

他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。 典型例题

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had metB. have met C. metD. meet

答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. wasD. will be

答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。主要常用瞬间动词

arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return,

start, stop, recognize see throw

III.主要及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语,可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构.

accept receive earn gain lose miss pack fold load achieve admit afford declare announce review

advice allow ask check direct employ expect forbid force forgive guide hire excuse need notice let

like persuade permit promise want wish

IV. ．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变

continue begin start advance attend aim awake blow bathe insist interrupt read write roll paint ride

report seek root shop face feed hurt gather end clap trade study turn win smoke wash stop try

suffer sell shine set sew pay mind join fit float drop delight develop believe divide forget speak eat

drown boil bend breathe burn burst climb collect delay double dress fly hide lead land learn inch

lack meet measure sing mix open organize marry race record drink spread smooth slow recover

ride row improve

call clear shut sink fear teach share help cook break compare crowd remember

V. 既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

escape part operate reach run rush return search settle shoot strike speed stamp play ring hang

smell get manage regret draw beat light drive match leave move last stand fail succeed shake

knock weigh stick

V.主动形式表被动意义的常见动词。基本结构subj+ V+ adv。如，Books of this kind sells well。Your pen writes smoothly。 Your composition reads well。

sell read write wear keep draw cut tear act lock rent wash break cook clean open work out

VI．常没有被动语态而容易误用被动式的动词。如，Heavy losses were suffered by them。（错）。

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They suffered heavy losses。（对）

have fit lack suit hold cost suffer last become stand belong to depend on happen take place break

out turn out

VII．英语中一些常用进行时或现在时表将来的动词。如，The meeting begins at 1：30 in the

afternoon。 I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida。I am taking my mum。

come go leave start drive move begin take fall arrive return set off land fly

VIII．英语中一些常用过去完成时或过去时表示未曾实现的愿望，打算或意图。如，

They had wanted to help but couldn’t afford any time。

---Why haven’t you bought any butter?

----I meant to but I forgot about it.

hope expect mean intend suppose want think

IX.形式上主句否定饿而实际上否定转移的动词，这类动词之后可接so或not 代替从句。如，I don’t think they have made their minds，have’nt they？

Is your brother going with you? I think not .或I don’t think so.

think believe expect imagine suppose fancy

注意：hope guess fear fancy 不能否定转移，只能说 I guess not 而不能说

I don’t guess so 。

X. 常见的只跟带to的动词不定式作宾语的及物动词或短语。

want wish hope expect would like/love care choose learn desire long plan prepare mean design

agree promise offer refuse ask beg demand intend decide determine make up one‘s mind tend

bother trouble manage try attempt afford pretend aim try one’s best have no choice but

注意：动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out,

explain, tell discoverdiscuss ask

Please show us how to do that.

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.

XI. 常见的跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词或短语。即，动词+宾语+ (to do)

command compel consider declaredrive enableencourage find forbid forceguess

hireimagineinduce inform instructinvite judge know like orderpermitpersuade remind report

requestrequireselect send state supposetell think traintrust understandurge warn例句：

will not allow us to play on the street. believe him to be guilty.

注意： promise know hope demand

常见的不跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词let, have, make see, watch, look at, notice ,

observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find

XII．动词及短语后加doing作宾语 V. + doing sth

admitappreciateavoidcomplete considerdelaydeny endureenjoyescapeprevent fancyfinish imagine

mind miss

admit to prefer…tobe used tolead todevote oneself toobject tostick tobe busy look forward toto为介词）no good, no use, be worth…give up can't help,

It's no use /good be tired of feel like

be fond of be proud of think of / aboutput off keep on insist oncount on / upon set about be

successful in

good at take upburst out prevent … from…举例(1)Would you mind turning down your radio a

little, please?

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(2)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.注意：动词ing形式与不定式语义不同的有12 组： 1stop to dostop doing 2 forget to do forget doing

3remember to doremember doing 4 regret to do regret doing

5be used to do be used to doing 6 try to dotry doing

7go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do afraid doing

9interested to dointerested doing10 mean to do mean doing

11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing

12 can‘t help to do can’t help doing

X．表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose,

think, understand

It is said that…据说

It is reported that… 据报道

It is believed that… 大家相信

It is hoped that… 大家希望

It is well known that… 众所周知

It is thought that… 大家认为

It is suggested that… 据建议

It is taken granted that…被视为当然

It has been decided that… 大家决定

It must be remember that…务必记住的是例句：It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on

Tuesday.

It‘s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science。

Robert is said to have studied abroad，but I don‘t know what country he studied in。

VX.本身含有“使…”的意义的动词.

surprise astonish shock delight worry satisfy please seat disappoint discourage

encourage interest marry frighten tire excite move

VIX．其后常跟宾语从句且从句里用虚拟语气的动词。

order suggest require request demand propose desire insist advise wish