docker基础安装使用

Docker基础安装使用

2020-02-22

作者：刘子毅

创建yum源

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo

/linux/centos/

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

adding repo from: /linux/centos/

grabbing file /linux/centos/ to

/etc/.d/

Could not fetch/save url /linux/centos/ to file

/etc/.d/: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to

:443; Operation now in progress"

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]#

链接无法解析改为使用阿里的yum源，操作如下：

[root@bogon ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo

/docker-ce/linux/centos/

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

adding repo from: /docker-ce/linux/centos/

grabbing file /docker-ce/linux/centos/ to

/etc/.d/

repo saved to /etc/.d/

安装最新的docker

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]# yum install docker-ce

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Existing lock /var/run/: another copy is running as pid 9034.

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 119 M RSS (1.0 GB VSZ)

Started: Fri Feb 21 19:28:47 2020 - 07:27 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 9034

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 119 M RSS (1.0 GB VSZ)

Started: Fri Feb 21 19:28:47 2020 - 07:29 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 9034

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 119 M RSS (1.0 GB VSZ)

Started: Fri Feb 21 19:28:47 2020 - 08:12 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 9034

^C

Exiting on user cancel.

此处发下yum被进程号为9034占用，直接kill

[root@bogon ~]# ps aux | grep yum

root 9034 2.5 12.2 1041184 121668 ? SN 19:28 0:13 /usr/bin/python

/usr/share/PackageKit/helpers/yum/ get-updates none

root 10322 0.0 0.0 112708 976 pts/0 S+ 19:37 0:00 grep --color=auto

yum

[root@bogon ~]# kill -9 9034

[root@bogon ~]# ps aux | grep yum

root 10338 0.0 0.0 112708 976 pts/0 R+ 19:37 0:00 grep --color=auto

yum

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]#

重新安装docker，如下：

[root@bogon ~]# yum install docker-ce

BDB2053 Freeing read locks for locker 0x9ba: 9034/140

BDB2053 Freeing read locks for locker 0x9bc: 9034/140

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base:

* extras:

* updates:

docker-ce-stable

| 3.5 kB 00:00:00

(1/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db

| 38 kB 00:00:00

(2/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/updateinfo

| 55 B 00:00:00

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 3:7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2:2.74 for package:

3:7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: >= 1.2.2-3 for package:

3:7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: docker-ce-cli for package: 3:7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package 2:7 will be installed

---> Package .x86_64 0:7 will be installed

---> Package docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version

Repository Size

============================================================================================================================================

Installing:

docker-ce x86_64 3:7

docker-ce-stable 24 M

Installing for dependencies:

container-selinux noarch 2:7

extras 39 k

x86_64 7

docker-ce-stable 23 M

docker-ce-cli x86_64 1:7

docker-ce-stable 40 M

Transaction Summary

============================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 87 M

Installed size: 363 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

warning:

/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/7.x86_:

Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY ] 1.3 MB/s | 39 MB

00:00:36 ETA

Public key for 7.x86_ is not installed

(1/4): 7.x86_

| 24 MB 00:00:36

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/:

Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY ] 1.3 MB/s | 45 MB

00:00:32 ETA

Public key for is not installed

(2/4):

| 39 kB 00:00:41

(3/4): 7.x86_

| 23 MB 00:01:01

(4/4): 7.x86_

| 40 MB 00:00:42

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total

1.1 MB/s | 87 MB 00:01:19

Retrieving key from /docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

Importing GPG key 0x621E9F35:

Userid : "Docker Release (CE rpm) "

Fingerprint: 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35

From : /docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:

Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) "

Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5

Package : .x86_64 (@anaconda)

From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : 2:

1/4

Installing : 7.x86_64

2/4

Installing : 1:7.x86_64

3/4

Installing : 3:7.x86_64

4/4

Verifying : 3:7.x86_64

1/4

Verifying : 1:7.x86_64

2/4

Verifying : 7.x86_64

3/4

Verifying : 2:

4/4

Installed:

docker-ce.x86_64 3:7

Dependency Installed:

2:7 .x86_64

0:7 docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:7

Complete!

安装成功，启动docker进程：

[root@bogon ~]#

[root@bogon ~]# systemctl start docker

[root@bogon ~]# systemctl enable docker

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system//e

/usr/lib/systemd/system/e.

[root@bogon ~]#

to

查看docker状态

[root@bogon ~]# systemctl status docker

● e - Docker Application Container Engine

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/e; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-02-21 19:42:29 PST; 22s ago

Docs:

Main PID: 10553 (dockerd)

CGroup: //e

└─10553 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/

Feb 21 19:42:27 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:27.535045863-08:00"

level=info msg="scheme "unix" not registered, fallback to default scheme" module=grpc

Feb 21 19:42:27 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:27.535081253-08:00"

level=info msg="ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:///run/

module=grpc

Feb 21 19:42:27 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:27.535107105-08:00"

level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to "pick_first"" module=grpc

Feb 21 19:42:27 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:27.635007791-08:00"

level=info msg="Loading containers: start."

Feb 21 19:42:28 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:28.354209593-08:00"

level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16.

IP address"

Feb 21 19:42:29 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:29.097833464-08:00"

level=info msg="Loading containers: done."

Feb 21 19:42:29 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:29.182055014-08:00"

level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=369ce74a3c graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=19.03.6

Feb 21 19:42:29 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:29.182193961-08:00"

level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"

Feb 21 19:42:29 docker systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.

Feb 21 19:42:29 docker dockerd[10553]: time="2020-02-21T19:42:29.258868440-08:00"

level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/"

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[root@bogon ~]#

创建名为konggu的容器，并使用httpd的镜像源：

[root@bogon ~]# docker create --name konggu httpd

Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally

latest: Pulling from library/httpd

bc51dd8edc1b: Pull complete

dca5bc65e18f: Pull complete

ccac3445152a: Pull complete

8515f2015fbc: Pull complete

e35494488b8c: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:b783a610e75380aa152dd855a18368ea2f3becb5129d0541e2ec8b662cbd8afb

Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest

7a694fe59d001ea5b132de17e8bf3e0a1400853acab2a16b1da2507a3ceb3aa4

查看容器状态

[root@bogon ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

7a694fe59d00 httpd "httpd-foreground" 48 seconds ago

Created konggu

启动容器：

[root@bogon ~]# docker start konggu

konggu

再次查看状态

[root@bogon ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

7a694fe59d00 httpd "httpd-foreground" About a minute ago

Up 2 seconds 80/tcp konggu

[root@bogon ~]# docker container ls

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

7a694fe59d00 httpd "httpd-foreground" 2 minutes ago Up

49 seconds 80/tcp konggu

进入容器：

[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it konggu bash

root@7a694fe59d00:/usr/local/apache2#

root@7a694fe59d00:/usr/local/apache2#

root@7a694fe59d00:/usr/local/apache2#

root@7a694fe59d00:/usr/local/apache2# ls

bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include logs modules

[root@bogon ~]# docker container ls

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

7a694fe59d00 httpd "httpd-foreground" 7 minutes ago Up

5 minutes 80/tcp konggu

删除容器

[root@bogon ~]# docker stop konggu

konggu

[root@bogon ~]# docker rm konggu

konggu

[root@bogon ~]# docker container ls

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

重新创建带端口号的容器

[root@bogon ~]# docker run --name konggu -d -p 8080:80 httpd

19f0c0b40353114a639fd02f3d808f8b142c714ccec24f9cf14f5cb66af02409

[root@bogon ~]# docker container ls

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED

STATUS PORTS NAMES

19f0c0b40353 httpd "httpd-foreground" 12 seconds ago Up

10 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp konggu

[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it konggu bash

root@19f0c0b40353:/usr/local/apache2#

root@19f0c0b40353:/usr/local/apache2# cd htdocs/

root@19f0c0b40353:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs# ls

root@19f0c0b40353:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs# echo "konggu" >

root@19f0c0b40353:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs#

成功修改了web内容，实验成功。