计算机专业英语

一、英翻汉，汉翻英（20题*1分）data processing system 数据处理系统 Integrated

Circuit 集成电路 Central Processing unit 中央处理器 decimal digit 十进制Random Access Memory 随机访问存储器

machine language机器语言 system clock 系统时钟 word size 字长 DataBus 数据总线

Address Bus 地址总线 control circuit 控制电路 input and output device 输入和输出设备 Universal Serial Bus 通用串行总线 assembly language 汇编语言 high-level

language 高级语言 derived classes 派生类 late binding 迟绑定 virtual function 虚函数

real-time operating system 实时操作系统 command language 命令语言 primary

storage 主存储器 secondary storage 辅助存储器 data structure 数据序 data

abstraction数据抽象 procedural abstracting过程抽象 dynamic memory allocation

动态存储分配 first come and first served 先来先服务 first in and out 先进先出

database model 数据库模型 physical level 物理层 user program 用户层

entity-relationship model

实体—关系模型 one –pass compiler 一遍编译器 external call 外部调用 parallelizing

compiler 并行编译器 cross compiler 交叉编译器 intermediate code 中间代码

一、 选择题(10题*2分)

1、 计算机中最重要的程序 OS 2、处理器包含寄存器（register）累加器（accumulator）两个功能部件 3、在控制输入输出操作计算机有完整的操作指令（ operating

instructions/ operational command）4、高级语言低级语言判断

二、

Uint1

选词填空（10题*2分）课本第二题

（1） The digital computer is a digital system perform various computation （估计，计算）tasks.

（2） Integrated circuit did for the third-generation what transistors did for the

second generation.

（3） One of the most significant contributes to the emergence of the fourth

generation of computers is the microprocessor.（未处理器）

（4） Mainframe computer is a powerful multi-user computer.

（5） Supercomputer is an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of

millions of instructions per second.

（6） Desktop computers are modular systems that make it easy to add or

replace individual parts to meet each user’s particular requirements.

（7） When you need change ,it is easy to open up a desktop case and reconfigure

the system.

（8） The CPU mounts in a special socket that uses a latching mechanism to hole it

in place.

Uint2

（1）A processor is a function unit that interprets and carries out instructions.

（2）Thirty-two-bit chips are often constrained to a maximum of 2GB or 4GB of RAM

access.

（3）Processing more data in each cycle contributes to increased performance . （性能）

（4）The cache ensures that data is immediately available whenever the CPU

requests it.

（5）One reason why the word needs 64-bit processors is because of their enlarged

address spaces.

（6）In an SSID （服务集标示符）architecture there is a single instruction cycle.

（7）Multiprocessing refers to the organization technique in which a number of

processor units are employed in a single computer system.

（8）RAM and ROM play important roles of storage devices.（存储装置）

Uint3

（1） Each I/O device includes I/O interface circuitry.（接口电路）

（2） The keyboard is used to type information into the computer or input

information.

（3） The core computer of CRT monitor（阴极射线管显示器） is cathode ray

tube.

（4） Compared to the CRT monitor, the monitor’s advantages are obvious.

（5） Each I/O device is connected to computer system’s address, data, and

control buses.

（6） CRT monitor means a cathode ray tube monitor.

（7） Each key on a standard keyboard has one or two character.

（8） Press the key to get the lower character and hole Shift to get the upper.

Uint4

（1） Inheritance in object-oriented programming allows a class to inherit

properties(性能，道具) from a class of object.

（2） The language used 0 and 1 is called machine language.

（3） C++ is an often considered to be a superset of C , but this is not strictly

true.

（4） Most C code can easily be made to compile（编译） correctly in C++.

（5） C++ is an enhanced version of the C language.

（6） Methods are similar to the functions of procedure-oriented （面向过程）programming.

（7） An object is simply an instance（实例） of a class.

（8） Polymorphism gives object the ability to represent to messages from routines

when the object’s exact type is not known.

（9） It is a computer program that translates a series of instructions written in one

computer language into a resulting output in another computer language.（三）

Unit5

（1） The operating system is also responsible for keeping track of the activities in

the computer system.

（2） Real-time operating system are used to control machinery,（机械，机器）

scientific instrument and industrial systems.

（3） A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage

of one computer’s resources simultaneously.

（4） The OS is a large program made up of many smaller programs.

（5） The OS control how the CPU communicates with other hardware

components.（硬件组件）

（6） The OS also makes computer easier to operate by people who don’t

understand programming languages.

（7） Operating system are constantly being improved or upgraded as technology

advance.

（8） Windows is custom-made to run with Intel CPU and Intel-compatible CPUs，such as Pentium IV.

（9） It is a common term for a computer fault that brings down a software

program or operating system .It is also refer to the failure of a hard disk

drive.(三)

Uint6

（1）A data structure is a specialized format （格式，板式）for organizing and storing

data.

（2）Data structure organize data in ways that make Algorithms （算法）more

efficient.

（3）An object-oriented approach to data structures （数据结构）brings together both

data abstraction and procedural abstraction.

（4）Once problem are Abstracted ,（抽象的）it becomes apparent that seemingly

different problems are essentially similar or even equivalent in a deep sense.

（5）Abstraction allows Common solutions to seemingly different problems.

（6）Integer is amounts to a particular collection of anxious or rules that must be

obeyed.

（7）When a call is made to Algorithms, (算法)all the variable local to the calling

routine need to be saved by the system , otherwise the new function will overwrite

the calling routine’s variables.

（8）Computers in which the disk is attached to one machine, known as the file server.（文件服务器）

Uint7

（1）A database consists of a file or a set of files.

（2）Fields are the basic units of data storage .（数据存储）

（3）The external level defines the different views of the database as required by the

external or user programs.

（4）One user program may not require all the data in the database.

（5）The conceptual level describe the entire database.

（6）Object-based logical models are used for describing data at the conceptual （概念上的）and view

levels.

（7）For relationships involving two entity （实体）sets, there can be relationships

like one-to-one，one-to-many, many-to-one，and many-to-many.

（8）There are various data types to choose from, such as character，

numeric ,data ,or other.

Unit8

（1）A compiler（编译器） is a computer program that translates a computer program

written in one computer language into an equivalent program.

（2）Translation from a low level language to a high level one is also possible.

（3）Compiles also exit which translate to a another.

（4）Cross compilers are useful when bringing up a new hardware platform for the

first time.

（5）Since the intermediate level code （中级水平代码）is machine-like in character，but not in form ,it will normally vary with the machine for which the object code is

being generated.

（6）Intermediate code can be converted directly into the object language （目标语言）by the code generate.

（7）Obviously code generation is highly machine-dependent.

（8）When the object machine is altered ，the code generator（编译发生器） must be

extensively revised.

三、

四、

五、

阅读理解（10题*2分）

完形填空

翻译（第七章重点考）