UnitEightGeniusCharacters

Unit Eight Genius Characters

教 学 单 元 计 划

课 时 量

课

时

安

排

及

教

学

技

巧

教学目的

教学重点

Reading skills training.

教学难点

教学手段

Master useful expressions

Master some useful reading skills.

Some usage of the expressions.

1-2

3-4

5-6

7-8

9-10

计划 10 学时

Oral Practice, New Words & Expressions

Text-learning

Exercises

Listening Practice

应用能力提高（阅读技能训练）

实际 10 学时

提问教学

直接教学

直接教学

情景教学

直接教学

Oral practice is used to improve students’ spoken ability.

Let the students to master the important words and expressions.

Let the students understand the text.

Improve the students’ listening level.

Improve the students’ reading ability.

教师讲授、语音教学与多媒体教学相结合

教 案

Unit Eight Genius Characters

I. Organization

II．Leading in

Introduction to the Topic (Life and Success)

What is genius? Many tests have been created to answer this

question. But a test—much like a computer—cannot tell perhaps the

most important quality of genius. It is a person’s character. History has

given us many geniuses whose characters, while often considered to be

odd, have influenced our daily life.

III． Exploring

Do you want to be a genius and make your life successful? I

guess many of you do. But has it ever occurred to you that one’s

character is related to one’s success? Think about your character and

your attitude towards life and success.

Work in pairs and say something about your character and what

kind of life do you think is a successful life?

IV. Background Information

1. Leonardo da Vinci

Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer

(1452—1519). His genius, perhaps more than that of any other

figure, mirrored the Renaissance (意大利文艺复兴时期) humanist

ideal. His Last Supper (《最后的晚餐》) (1495—1497) and Mona

Lisa (《蒙娜丽莎》) (1503—1506) are among the most widely

popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance. His

notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical

inventiveness that were centuries ahead of his time. He came from

an insignificant background but rose to universal fame. He had

almost too many gifts, including superlative male beauty, a

splendid singing voice, magnificent physique (体格),

mathematical excellence, and scientific daring. He was among the

very first to take a scientific approach towards understanding how

our world works and how we see it. He developed a unique new

attitude about machines. By understanding how each separate

machine part worked, he could modify them and combine them in

different ways to improve existing machines or create inventions

no one had ever seen before. Also as an outstanding scientist, he

had a keen eye and quick mind that led him to make important

scientific discoveries, yet he never published his ideas. He was a

gentle vegetarian (素食者) who loved animals and hated war, yet

he worked as a military (军队) engineer to invent advanced and

deadly weapons.

2. Galileo

Italian physicist and astronomer (1564—1642) (物理学家和天文学家). He pioneered (开创) "experimental scientific method," not

subjective (主观的) judgment. Learning of the invention of the

telescope (望远镜) in Holland, he constructed a vastly superior model

without any introduction. With it he made a series of profound

discoveries, including the moons of planet Jupiter (木星) and the

phases of the planet Venus (similar to those of Earth's moon). He

insisted on the theory proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus (哥白尼) that

the Earth and all the other planets revolve around the sun. His support

for the heliocentric (以太阳为中心) theory got him into trouble with

the Roman Catholic Church and the Church forced him to publicly

withdraw his support of Copernicus and required him to serve his term

under house arrest (软禁) at his villa outside of Florence, Italy.

3. Bill Gates

The world's richest person, the main founder of Microsoft

Corporation. Born in 1951, Seattle (西雅图), Gates is the second of the

three children of William and Mary Gates. Confidence and intelligence

are two features that helped Gates attain his goals. Mathematics,

business and computing were fields in which Gates had keen interests.

At thirteen, Gates enrolled (入学) in Lakeside, a very strict private

school, where he began to study computer knowledge. In 1973, he

enrolled in Harvard University to study mathematics. In 1975, Gates

and Allen founded the Microsoft Corporation in Albuquerque (阿尔伯克基), New Mexico. In 1979, Bill Gates moved Microsoft from

Albuquerque to Seattle. Aiming at producing computer software, the

company expanded quickly and became the world's biggest software

company. And Bill Gates became the world richest person twenty-five

years after his business started.

4. Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation is the biggest software company in America

and the world, with a market value of more than 100 billion dollars.

Founded by Bill Gates in 1975, the company first wrote an interpreter

(解释程序) with BASIC language for a computer company. Then it

wrote DOS, a simplified version of an OS, for the successful IBM PC

computer. Several years later, Microsoft developed Windows family

operating system (Windows操作系统), which was a sweeping success

transforming Microsoft from a subordinate of IBM to an independent

partner, and later a dominant voice. Now the company's software

products cover almost everything that the computer has ever been

conceived to do, from movie-making to personal finance operating

systems to application development environment, such as Windows,

Office, Internet Explorer, Visual Studio, MSN and so on.

5. Orville and Wilbur Wright

Wright brothers: Orville, 1871—1948, and elder brother, Wilbur,

1867—1912, American airplane inventors. They achieved the first

powered (有动力的), sustained (可稳定飞行的), and controlled flight

of an airplane. In 1899, the Wrights built their first machine, a biplane

(双翼飞机) kite, which they fitted with wings that could be

mechanically twisted. They completed their first powered machine, the

Kitty Hawk, in 1903, and made world's first powered, sustained and

controlled airplane flight from level ground without any assistance at

takeoff on the morning of December 17, 1903. In 1908 they were able

to conclude an agreement for production of the Wright airplane for the

US Army. Wilbur made the first public flight on August 8, 1908 in

France.

6. Thomas Edison

American scientist and inventor (1847—1931), patented (获得专利)

1,093 inventions in his lifetime. The most famous of his inventions was

the electric lighting. When he was born, society still thought of

electricity as a novelty (新生事物). By the time he died, entire cities

were lit by electricity. Much of the credit for that progress goes to him.

Besides the light bulb, he also invented the phonograph (留声机) and

made improvements to the telegraph, telephone and motion picture

technology. He also founded the first modern research laboratory. He

believed in hard work, and was often quoted as saying, "Genius is one

percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." To remember

this important American, electric lights in the United States were

dimmed for one minute on October 21, 1931, a few days after his

death.

7. Mozart

Austrian musical composer (作曲家) (1756—1791), also one of the

premier musical composers known to mankind. He showed musical

gifts at a very early age, and began to compose when he was five.

Throughout his lifetime, he produced twenty-two operas, forty-one

symphonies, forty-two concertos (协奏曲), hundreds of sonatas (奏鸣曲), serenades, (小夜曲) religious songs, etc. A few of his famous

operas are: The Marriage of Figaro (《费加罗的婚礼》), Don Giovanni

(《唐璜》), Cosi fan tutte (《女人心》), and The Magic Flute (《魔笛》).

8. Albert Einstein

German-American theoretical physicist (1879—1955), known for the

formulation of the relativity theory (相对论). His important works

include Special Theory of Relativity (《狭义相对论》) (1905), Relativity

(《相对论》) (English translations, 1920 and 1950), General Theory of

Relativity (《广义相对论》) (1916), Investigations on Theory of

Brownian Movement (《布朗运动理论研究》) (1926), and The

Evolution of Physics (《物理学的进化》) (1937). Among his

non-scientific works, About Zionism (《犹太复国主义》) (1930), Why

War? (1933), My Philosophy (《我的世界观》) (1934), and Out of My

Later Years (《晚年集》) (1950) are perhaps the most important. His

works radically changed the way we think about the world. He is

recognized as one of the greatest physicists of all time. He was also the

Nobel Prize winner in physics (诺贝尔物理学奖) in 1921.

9. Sophocles

Greek tragic dramatist, philosopher, and politician (悲剧作家、 哲学家及政治家) (496 B.C.—406 B.C.). Sophocles wrote 123 dramas in

his lifetime. As a man of wealth, charm and genius, he was given posts

of responsibility both in peace and in war times by the Athenians (雅典人). He was a general and a priest; after his death he was worshiped

(崇拜) as a hero.

10. Italy

Officially Italian Republic, with a population of 58,262,000 in 2003

and a land area of 301,225 square kilometers. The country is situated in

south Europe, and borders on France in the northwest. It includes the

large Mediterranean (地中海的) islands and several small islands.

Vatican (梵蒂冈) City and San Marino (圣马力诺) are two

independent enclaves (飞地；在本国境内隶属另一国的一块领地) on

the Italian mainland. Rome (罗马) is its capital and the largest city.

IV. News words & Expressions

calculate vt. 1. find out or make a firm guess about (esp. an amount),

esp. by using numbers 计算；估算

e.g. Data about the planes' courses are to be collected so

as to calculate the distances between planes.

2. be planned with the intention of (producing a

particular result) 打算 (be ~ed to do sth.)

e.g. This advertisement is calculated to attract children.

beyond prep. 1. more or greater than (an amount or limit) 超出(某种数量、限度)

e.g. What you want to discuss is beyond the scope of

this book.

2. on or to the further side of 在(向)……的那一边；越过……

e.g. There is a small town beyond the river.

wander vi. 1. move about or away from (an area), usually on foot,

without a fixed course, aim, or purpose 漫步；闲逛 (~

about)

e.g. He wandered about in the street, hoping to find a

nice gift for his daughter.

2. (of a person or thoughts) be or become confused and

unable to make or follow ordinary conversation 走神；开小差

e.g. Her mind is wandering off along a track of its

own.

strike vt. sharply or forcefully 打；击；撞击

e.g. Waves were striking against their boat.

2. have a particular (strong) effect on; impress 给以……感受

e.g. He strikes me as a very smart person.

n. [C] a time when no work is done because of disagreement,

e.g. over pay or working conditions 罢工；罢课；罢市

e.g. The strike has lasted for three months.

shock vt. 1. cause usually unpleasant or angry surprise to 使震惊

e.g. People were shocked by the horror film.

2. give an electric shock to 使触电

e.g. He got shocked when he touched the wire.

inspire vt. 1. be the force which produces (usually a good result) 使产生灵感；启示

e.g. An incident in his childhood inspired the poem.

2. encourage in (someone) the desire and ability to take

effective action, by filling with eagerness, confidence,

etc. 鼓舞；激励

e.g. His qualities of leadership inspired his followers.

Expressions

into practice : carry out 将……付诸实践；使……生效

e.g. The ideal design would never be put into practice.

be well known for: known by many people for 因……而闻名

e.g. Shakespeare is well known for Hamlet.

search for : try to find something by looking or seeking carefully and

thoroughly 寻找

e.g. These big tigers wandered from place to place

searching for food.

on the top of :at the highest or uppermost point, surface or part of

something 在……顶上

e.g. Put your bags on the top of the car please.

get off the ground : be successfully started 飞离地面；取得进展

e.g. There is no hope of getting our plan off the ground

without his support.

in the face of : in spite of; against 在……面前；面对……而不顾

e.g. Don't lose your courage in the face of social

pressure.

look for : try to find 寻找

e.g. I'm looking hard for a store that sells shoes of extra

large sizes.

at one's best :one's best effort or best state 最佳状态；巅峰时期

e.g. At her best, she's a really first-class dancer.

be famous for :be very well known, esp. for a special ability, quality,

or characteristic 因……而闻名

e.g. The museum is famous for its collection of

paintings.

V．Detailed study of the text.

1. It can remember and calculate quickly and accurately, and

handle great amounts of information—but it can't think about the

information like we can.

Meaning: It can remember and work the numbers out very rapidly

without making any mistakes; it can also deal with large amounts of

information instantly, but unlike human beings, it can't think about the

information.

Notice here "like" is used as a conjunction, just like "as".

2. Study the great human geniuses and you'll see that they all have

special parts to their character, qualities that allow them to go

beyond everything previously achieved.

Meaning: If you take a careful look at the great human geniuses, you

will find that they all have something special in their character. These

special qualities enable them to achieve more than what had been

achieved before.

3. Their lives hold many of the secrets to having great ideas and

putting them into practice.

Meaning: Their lives include many of the secrets which enable people

not only to have great ideas, but also to realize them.

4. Leonardo da Vinci was well known for his jokes and funny

stories. Galileo had a busy social life and was another great joker.

Meaning: Leonardo da Vinci was widely known because of his jokes

and interesting stories. Galileo lived a busy social life and was also a

person good at telling jokes.

5. Bill Gates, the world's richest man, and the genius behind

Microsoft, has been described as "a big teenager."

Meaning: Bill Gates, the world's richest man, and the genius who

founded Microsoft, has been said to be "a big boy," a person who is

supposed to like having fun.

6. He once said that one of his favorite hobbies was playing with

earthmoving equipment on building sites!

Meaning: He once said that one of the things that he enjoyed doing

most in his spare time was to play with the machine that was used to

move the soil in places where people are putting up buildings.

7. Geniuses spend their lives asking questions about the world

around them.

Meaning: Geniuses have been asking questions about the world

around them throughout their lives.

Notice the following structures:

spend time/money doing something

花时间或钱做某事，后接动名词。

He spent a whole year writing the paper.

他花了整整一年写这篇论文。

Many children spend their weekends taking extra lessons.

许多小孩周末都在上额外的课程。

spend time/money on something

在……方面花时间或钱，后接名词。

He spent all his money on the new house.

他把所有的钱都花在了新房子上。

You should spend more time on sports.

你应多花些时间进行体育锻炼。

8. Leonardo da Vinci filled many notebooks with his questions that

he wanted to answer.

Meaning: Leonardo da Vinci often noted down a lot of questions that

he wanted to answer in many books of plain paper.

9. I wandered about the countryside searching for answers to

things I did not understand:…

Meaning: I walked slowly about in the countryside, thinking, and

trying to find answers to the things I did not understand.

10. … why thunder lasts longer than that which

Meaning: … why the loud noise caused by lightning lasts longer than

the flash

Notice "that which causes it" refers to the lightning itself, and more

specifically, to the flash.

11. … how the various circles of water form around the spot that

has been struck by

Meaning: … how the various circles of water are formed around the

place that has been hit by

12. Orville and Wilbur Wright had many crashes and ruined many

planes before they finally got off the ground.

Meaning: The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, fell from the sky

in their planes many times and damaged many planes before they

finally got their machine to fly off the ground.

13. Inventor Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he

managed to turn electricity into light.

Meaning: Inventor Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he

successfully turned electric power into light.

14. Geniuses must also be prepared to shock people.

Meaning: Geniuses must also be ready to accept the fact that people

may be extremely surprised at their strange ideas (and thus may

strongly object to their ideas.)

15. New ideas can seem strange and even frightening to others, and

great thinkers are often described as being odd and foolish.

Meaning: The new ideas of geniuses can appear strange and can even

cause fear to other people. Those who are able to have great ideas are

often said to be strange and silly.

16. Thomas Edison once said that genius was "one percent

inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration."

Meaning: Thomas Edison once said that genius is made up of one

percent of gifted talent and ninety-nine percent of hard work.

17. To become a genius you must be prepared to work long and

hard, often in the face of great difficulties.

Meaning: In order to become a genius, you must be ready to work

long and hard, and you will often have to face and overcome great

difficulties.

18. Be inspired.

Meaning: Be able to come up with new ideas from what you see.

19. The answers you're looking for may be close by—you just have

to know where to look.

Meaning: The answers you're trying to find may be near at hand. The

problem is you have to know where to find them.

20. Travel is another good source of inspiration.

Meaning: Travel is another good way for you to form new and great

ideas.

21. While still a teenager, Albert Einstein persuaded his parents to

let him tour the main cities of Italy.

Meaning: While he was still a teenager, Albert Einstein managed to

talk his parents into allowing him to visit the main cities of Italy.

22. Stay fit.

Meaning: Keep yourself physically healthy.

23. So it's very important for your body to be operating at its best

so that your mind can also function powerfully.

Meaning: Therefore, it's very important for you to keep your body

running in its best state. Only in this way can your mind work most

efficiently.

24. So it is clear then, that to be a genius is to push the limits, in

your mind, and beyond.

Meaning: So, clearly, being a genius requires you to use your mind to

the fullest and then do even better than that.

GETTING THE MESSAGE

Read the questions and complete the answers according to the text.

1. The passage is mainly about _______.

A) the qualities of geniuses

B) the life of geniuses

C) the hobbies of geniuses

D) the ideas of geniuses

2. One thing that was not true about Leonardo da Vinci is that

_______.

A) his notebooks were full of his questions

B) he liked telling jokes

C) he enjoyed playing on the building sites

D) he was very skillful at riding horses

3. Great thinkers are often considered to be strange and silly because

_______.

A) they have strange living habits

B) their ideas seem strange and frightening

C) they have unusual characters

D) they behave in strange ways

4. According to the text, travel is good in that it brings people

_______.

A) great fun

B) good health

C) rich experiences

D) new and fresh ideas

5. Your mind will work most efficiently if you _______.

A) take exercises regularly

B) use your mind more often

C) have a healthy body

D) have enough time to rest

VI. Exercises: Exercise from P146-148

VII. Listening Practice : Practical English For Colleges and

Universities Listening and Speaking Course 2(学林出版社)

Unit sixteen Revision

Section A. (Student’s book P. 166)

1. Choose the best answer to each of the questions

1） When didn’t the man get to sleep last night? (b)

a. Before three o’clock.

b. After three o’clock.

c. Not later than three o’clock.

d. After three thirty.

2） What was the strongest medication the woman could give without

a prescription? (a)

a. Aspirin.

b. Stomach medication.

c. Sleeping pills.

d. Coughing pills.

3） When would the man have an appointment with Dr. Williams? (d)

a. Before this week.

b. Not earlier than next week.

c. Not later than the end of this week.

d. Not later than the end of next week.

4） Who is Dr. Williams? (d)

a. He is a student specializing in doctorate degree.

b. He is an eye doctor.

c. He is a surgeon.

d. He is a dentist.

5） What’s the relationship between the two speakers? (c)

a. Patient and doctor.

b. Teacher and student.

c. Patient and nurse.

d. Customer and shop assistant.

2. Decide whether the statements are true or false.

1) Dr. Williams would finish his work at four-thirty. (F)

2) The woman told the man that he shouldn’t eat or drink anything too

hot or too cold. (T)

3) The man really did like eating or drinking something hot and cold.

(F)

4) The man was suffering toothache. (T)

Section C. Choose the best answer to each of the questions

(Student’s book P.167)

1. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? (d)

a. Teacher and student.

b. Lawyer and client.

c. Husband and wife.

d. Doctor and patient.

2. Where did this conversation most probably take place? (b)

a. At a railroad station.

b. At an airport.

c. In a classroom.

d. In Miami.

3. Where did this conversation most probably take place? (b)

a. In a post office.

b. In a bank.

c. At an airport.

d. In a drug store.

4. What does the woman mean? (b)

a. The man should learn to type.

b. She thinks the application should be typed.

c. The man doesn’t really want the job anyway.

d. She doesn’t know of a better job.

5. What do we learn from the conversation? (a)

a. He hasn’t connected with the network.

b. He hasn’t succeeded in work.

c. He hasn’t been at work for three days.

d. His computer broke down two days ago.

6. What do we learn about Mary? (c)

a. Mary is going to Hawaii.

b. Mary has traveled all over the world.

c. Mary likes postcards.

d. Mary is going on vacation.

7. What is the woman looking for? (b)

a. She is looking for some eggs.

b. She is looking for some cosmetics.

c. She is looking for some oil.

d. She is Looking for several kinds of fruits.

8. When will the bank be open on Saturdays? (d)

a. It is closed on Saturdays.

b. 12:00 noon to 9:

c. 9: to

d. to 12 noon.

VIII．Reading Practice (Student’s book)

Unit one Section two Disney Mirrors American Culture

GETTING THE MESSAGE

Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

1. What rare thing did the Walt Disney Company do last autumn?

A. It planned to build a history theme park in Virginia.

B. It admitted that their plan to build another park failed.

C. It bought a big company.

D. It claimed to be the mirror of American culture.

2. People are influenced by Disney in many ways. Which of the

following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A. People eat Disney food.

B. People love to see Disney films.

C. People listen to Disney songs on Radio Disney.

D. People visit Disneyland and Disney World.

3. According to Professor Bloom, what will happen if people continue

to be influenced by Disney in such a way?

A. Children can learn a lot before they go to school.

B. People will have many different forms of entertainment.

C. People will find themselves in the same culture all over — Disney's

culture.

will become sexist or racist.

4. According to the text, what is wrong with Disney films?

A. Some films are love stories and are not good for children.

B. Some films are not good in quality.

C. Some films are too cheerful to be true.

D. Some films are not true to the history.

5. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Walt Disney Company is a successful company.

B. Disney is the symbol of American culture, though some people don't

like it.

C. Disney is not good because it gives false accounts in its films.

D. Disney is good because it brings people fun.

Reading Skills--题型的主要结构形式及解题技巧(1)

细节题形的三种主要形式：问句式、不完整的陈述句式和排除式。

1. 问句式

A）结构形式是以提问的形式提出问题，用于测试读者理解阅读材料中具体内容的能力。所有的题目常以“WHICH，WHERE，WHAT，WHEN， WHY”等Wh-Questions及“HOW”引导的问题作为开始的问句，问题主要涉及时间、人物、地点、原因、定义、数字等。其发问形式主要有以下几种：

1） What does （did） somebody （something） do？

2） What do people like to do for…… ？

3） What effect did something have on…… ？

4） What is （was） the purpose of…… ？

5） Why is （was） it necessary for somebody （not） to do

something？

6） According to the passage， why is （was） in darter of（verb+

ing）？

7） Why is （was） somebody becoming （adj. ）？

8） Where should somebody do something？

9） Where is （was）…… located？

10） How many （days， months， years， hours， minutes， etc. ）

does（did）somebody do something？

11） How did something happen？

12） When was something done？

13） When did it happen？

14） Which of the following people should （not） do it？

15） Which of the following did somebody have to deal with

（face……）？

B） 解题技巧

在解这类题时，可采用“对号入座”的办法，即带着问题找句子，建议采取如下步骤：

①先看文章后面的问题（这常常被认为是非常有效的方法），注意记忆关键的词语，如人物、时间、事件等，确定每题目的发问中心，也就是说，某个问题是针对什么提问的。

②把每个问题的发问中心反馈到原文中去。当读到有关解答发问中心的信息时，可在有关信息下面画一直线以示突出。如果问题的顺序没有按顺序给出，可以在原文信息下画线的同时，把问题的题号也标出来，便于最后检查，并节约时间。

③在原文中找出对发问中心的解答信息后，可把原文信息放到问题中去，与每一个选择项目进行对照，与原文信息相符的那项，即是正确的答案。

IX．Homework：(Model Test Four of English Test Band A)

课 后 总 结

学 生 反 馈

意 见

老师课堂内容设计合理，尤其是阅读的应试技巧很受欢迎，希望能老师能多讲讲该放方面的知识。

经 验 与

体 会

不断扩大知识面，增加词汇量，掌握阅读技巧，才是阅读能力提高的关键所在。

需要改进的

地 方

多做阅读方面的练习，传授有效的阅读解题技巧，提高学生的阅读水平。

教 学 进 度

完 成 情 况

正常完成

系（部）检

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