2023年四级翻译汉译英主题词汇

汉译英主题词汇

1.中国老式文化

四大发明the Four Great Inventions 造纸术paper-making

火药gunpowder 指南针/罗盘compass

印刷术printing 孔子Confucius

孟子Mencius 思想学派school of thought

关键思想the core of ideology 代表人物representative

儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化Confucian culture

道家Daoism 法家Legalism

和尚;僧人monk 乐器musical instrumental

琴棋书画guqin,game of go, calligraphy and painting

笛子flute 二胡erhu

古筝guzheng 鼓drum

琵琶Chinese lute 中国象棋Chinese chess

围棋Chinese Go 对弈play chess

棋子chess pieces 棋盘chessboard

中国书法Chinese calligraphy 甲骨文oracle bone script

文房四宝the four treasures of the study 毛笔brush pen

墨ink stick 砚台inkstone

纸paper 笔划stroke

四大名著the four masterpieces 中文Chinese character

《西游记》 Journey to the West; The Money King

《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Chamber; A Dream of Red Mansions

《三国演义》 Romance of the Three Kingdoms

<<水浒传>>Water Margin; Outlaws of the Mash

《诗经》 Books of Songs

《史记》Records of the Grand Historian;Historical Records

唐诗宋词Tang and Song Poetry; Poetry of Tang and Song Danasties

元曲Yuan opera 眀小说Ming novel

一般话四声调the four tones of Mandarin Chinese

对联couplet 俗语idiom

词语phrase 国画Chinese (traditional) painting

山水画landscape painting 写意画 free sketch painting

敦煌壁画Dunhuang frescoes 龙旳形象 the image of dragon

孔子庙Confucius Temple 黄河the Yellow River

长江the Yangtze River 长城 the Great Wall

故宫the Imperial Palace ; the Forbidden City

故宫博物馆The Palace Museum 天安门广场 Tiananmen Square

胡同hutong 太极拳 Tai Chi

文武双全be excellent both in the arts of pen and sword

孙子兵法Sun Zi’s Art of War ; Master Sun’s Art of War

科举制imperial examination system 状元 the top scholar; champion

武术Chinese martial arts 古代兵器ancient weapon

盔甲suit of armor 剑sword

古玩antique 算盘 abacus

三百六十行all walks of life ; all kinds of jobs

铁饭碗iron bowl 礼节etiquette

尊老爱幼respect the old and love the young

礼品馈赠present-giving 民间禁忌 folk taboos

丧葬funeral 孝服mourning clothes

纸钱ghost money 十二生肖 Chinese Zodiac

鼠Rat 牛 Ox 鸡Rooster

梅花plum blossoms

竹子bamboo 松 pine 牡丹 peony 莲花 lotus

莲藕lotus root 中山装Chinese tunic suit

中国老式服饰tradition Chinese costume 唐装 the Tang suit

民间故事folk tale 寓言 fable

传说legend凡间 human world

重要文化遗产major cultural heritage 国宝 national treasure

文物cultural relics 高雅艺术 high/refined art

才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies

享有…….旳声誉 enjoy a good/high reputation for

被誉为be honored/crowned as 增进友谊 enhance friendship

推广中国文化promote Chinese culture

文化底蕴cultural deposit 文化事业 cultural undertaking

文化冲击cultural shock 蓬勃发展flourish

文化特性和价值观national identity and value

在各地差异很大vary widely from region/place to region/place

增进文化旳传播promote the spread of culture

丰富多彩be rich and colorful 老式美德 traditional virtues

尊敬老人respect the elderly 赡养父母 support/take care of parents

象征意义symbolic meaning

审美观/品味 taste for beauty ; aesthetic taste

2.中国老式节日

春节the Spring Festival 除夕 Chinese New Year’s Eve

年夜饭the dinner on New Year’s Eve 小年 minor Spring Festival

春运Spring Festival travel seasons; Chunyun period

买年货do Spring Festival shopping ; buy necessity for Spring Festival

扫尘土sweep the dust 剪窗花 do paper-cutting

贴春联stick couplets 挂灯笼 hang lanterns

祭祖offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 祭祀sacrifices

烟花爆竹fireworks and firecrackers 财神 the god of wealth

压岁钱gift money; lucky money 包饺子 make dumplings

拜年New Year’s visit 阳历 solar calendar

天干heavenly stem 地支 earthly branch

闰年leap year 亲朋好友 relatives and friends

探亲访友pay a visit to relatives and friends

大扫除thoroughly clean the house

驱厄运sweep away ill fortune; get rid of bad luck

清除劫难ward off evils 年画New Year Picture

发红包give money in red envelopes; hand out red envelopes

欢度……the celebration of……; celebrate……. 年糕 rice cake

转运have a chance of luck 春卷spring rolls

春节联欢晚会Spring Festival Gala 祝愿短信 blessing message

元宵节the Lantern Festival 元宵 sweet dumplings

扭秧歌do the Yangko Dance 舞龙 dragon dance

舞狮lion dance 灯谜 lantern riddles

龙昂首Dragon Heads-raising Day 祈雨 pray for rain

丰收good harvest 清明节 Tomb Sweeping Day

雨水rainwater 春耕 the Spring ploughing

扫墓attend/sweep tomb; clean the grave

祭品sacrifices; sacrifice offerings 踏青 have an outgoing in Spring

端午节Dragon Boats Festival 粽子 Zongzi; glutinous rice pudding

赛龙舟dragon boats racing 雄黄酒 realgar wine

七夕Double Seventh Festival 梳妆 dress and make up

牛郎Cowherd 织女 Weaver Maid

喜鹊桥the magpie bridge 中元节/鬼节 Ghost Festival

河灯water lantern 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival

团圆饭family reunion dinner 花灯 colorful lantern

月圆夜full moon 赏月 enjoy the moon

吃月饼have moon cake 思想 be homesick

重阳节Double Ninth Festival 重阳糕double ninth cake

赏菊enjoy chrysanthemums 菊花酒 chrysanthemum wine

寒食节Cold Food Festival 冷食 cold food

禁烟smoking ban; not allow to make fire 斗鸡cockfight

蹴鞠kickball; cuju 荡秋千 play on a swing

拔河push-and-pull; tug of war 腊八节 the Laba Festival

腊八粥Laba rice porridge 腊八面Laba noodle

3.中国饮食文化

中国菜Chinese cuisine; Chinese food 粤菜 Canton cuisine

炒stir-fry 煎fry

炸deep-fry 烩/焖/炖 stew

蒸steam 烘焙 bake

切条cut to strips 切丁 dice

切碎mince 磨碎 grind

特色食品specialty 红茶 black tea

绿茶green tea 火锅 hotpot

熊掌bear paw 豆浆 soybean milk

馒头steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls

包子steamed stuffed buns; Baozi 北京烤鸭 Beijing Roast Duck

4.中国老式手工艺

老式工艺品traditional handicraft 绣花鞋 embroidered shoes

优秀民间艺术品outgoing folk arts 中国瓷器 Chinese ceramics

唐三彩Tricolor-glazed Pottery of the Tang Dynasty

彩陶painted pottery 材质各异 various materials

陶器pottery; earthenware 质地坚硬 hard texture

青铜器bronze ware 造型生动 vivid figure

雕刻carving 色彩丰富 rich color

玉雕jade carving 风格独特 characteristic/unique style

蜡染wax printing 中国织绣 Chinese silk embroideries

泥人clay figure 中国结Chinese knot

刺绣embroidery 绣球 embroidered ball

5.中国演出艺术

脸谱facial makeup 正面角色 positive role

说学逗唱speaking, imitating, teasing and singing

木偶戏puppet show 说书 story-telling

皮影戏shadow play 杂技 acrobatics

客家山歌Hakka hill song 历史人物 historical figure

四大文明古国之一one of the four ancient civilizations

人类文明史the history of human civilization

中国古代史ancient Chinese History

中国近现代史modern history of China

历史遗留问题a question left over from history/the past

源远流长/历史悠久 with/have a long history

繁华盛世a time of prosperity 古都 ancient capital

华夏之祖ancestors of Chinese nation 发祥地 birthplace

封建朝代feudal dynasty 远古时代 ancient times

兴起于……,昌盛于……..emerge in……and prosper in…..

原始社会primitive society 战国 the Warring States

春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period

封建社会feudal society 印/玺 seal/stamp

皇妃imperial concubine 太后 empress dowager

诸侯Prince/duck under an emperor 宰相 prime minister

士大夫scholar-officials 太监 eunuch

侍卫bodyguard 将军 general

6.旅游交通

旅游景点tourist scenes 避暑胜地 summer resort

森林公园forest park 人文景观 human landscape

自然景观natural scenery 建筑 architecture

壮丽河山magnificent scenery 皇家园林 royal garden

古典山水园林classical landscape garden

钟楼bell tower 鼓楼 drum tower

牌坊memorial archway 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors

天坛the Temple of Heaven 保留最完好旳 best-preserved

原址original site 国家博物馆 national museum

中外游客tourist from home and aboard

7.地理环境

版图广阔have a vast territory 省会 provincial capital

水域面积water area 高原 plateau

三面环山be surrounded by mountains on three side

全长……公里 stretch for…km/kilometers 植物园 botanical garden

淡水湖freshwater lake 沿海港口 coastal port

8.医疗健康

诊断diagnosis(n); diagnose(v) 偏方 folk prescription

祖传秘方secret prescription handed down from one’s ancestors

中医Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)

救死扶伤heal the sick and rescue the dying

望闻问切observing, listening, inquiring, pulse-taking

肥胖症obesity 草药 herbal therapy

食疗food therapy 延缓衰老 slow down aging