Module4_词句精讲精练

Module 4 Seeing the doctor

词句精讲精练

1. ache

（1）ache作名词，意为“痛；隐痛”。例如：

He felt a dull ache in his shoulder.

他感到肩膀隐隐作痛。

（2）作动词，意为“（身体某部位持续且较强烈的）疼痛”。例如：

My tennis elbow began to ache again.

我打网球的手肘又开始痛了。

【拓展】

ache表“疼痛”时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是“人”。 例如：

My legs ache. 我脚疼。

【注意】

head，tooth，stomach（胃）与ache一起构成复合名词，如：headache（头疼），toothache（牙疼），stomachache（胃疼）。但leg，foot，hand，forehead不行。

2. ill

ill作形容词，意为“不健康的；有病的”。例如：

Her mother was ill. 她妈妈病了。

【拓展】

ill和sick的辨析：

ill和sick都意为“生病的”，但用法不同：

ill作“生病的”讲时，只能作表语；sick意为“生病的，恶心的”时，既可作定语，又可作表语。例如：

The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ill.

这个男孩不愿意吃东西，他可能病了。

Lucy’s mother is sick/ill in hospital.

Lucy的妈妈生病住院了。

She’ll visit her sick mother after school.

放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。

3. since

since作连词，意为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。

例如：

I have studied English since I came here.

自从我来这里就学习英语。

I have known her since I was five years old.

自从我五岁就认识她。

【拓展】

since还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如：

She has been ill since last weekend.

她自从上周末就病了。

She has been in Wuhan since four years ago.

自从四年前她就在武汉。

4. catch a cold

（1）catch作动词，意为“染上（疾病）；接住；抓住”，也可以作名词，意为“抓球（游戏）”。

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例如：

Can you catch the ball? 你能接住球吗？

It was a good catch. 那球接得好。

（2）catch a cold意为“感冒”。例如：

Put on your coat, or you’ll catch a cold. 穿上你的外套，不然你会感冒。

【拓展】

关于catch的短语：

catch a fever 发烧 catch fire 着火

catch up with 赶上 catch hold of 抓住

5. take sb’s temperature

take sb’s temperature意为“量某人的体温”。此处take作动词，意为“（用机器）测定；量取”。例如：

The doctor took Tom’s temperature and examined his ears and throat.

医生给Tom量了体温然后检查他的耳朵和嗓子。

【拓展】

take作动词，还可意为“拍摄；（尤指有规律地）吃，喝；乘，坐”。例如：

We are taking lots of photos on the Great Wall.

我们正在长城上拍很多的照片。

She takes medicine three times every day.

她每天吃三次药。

You can take a plane to Shanghai.

你可以乘飞机去上海。

6. well/good

两者都可以表示“好”的意思。比较级和最高级都为better和best.

（1）well是副词，用于修饰动词。例如：

Tom speaks Chinese well. 汤姆的汉语说得好。

He sings well. 他唱得好。

（2）good作形容词，用作定语或表语。例如：

She is a good doctor. 她是个好医生。

His pronunciation is very good. 他的语音很好。

（3）well作形容词时，指的是健康状况良好。例如：

He is quite well. 他身体好。

I hope you will be well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。

7. take part in

take part in意为“参加”，常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用。take part in之后接名词或动名词。例如：

I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.

我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。

Everyone can take part in gardening.

每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。

【拓展】

join是动词，意为“加入”。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。其后常出现club, army, team, group以及人称代词宾格等。例如：

join the swimming club 参加游泳俱乐部

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join the army 参军 join us 加入到我们的行列

8. exercise

（1）作不及物动词，意为“锻炼、运动”。 例如：

— How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？

— I exercise every day. 我每天都锻炼。

（2）作不可数名词，意为“锻炼、运动”，常与动词take连用。例如：

Exercise makes me keep healthy.

运动使我保持健康。

Some old people take exercise in the park in the morning.

一些老人家清晨在公园做运动。

（3）作可数名词，意为“练习；操”。例如：

We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。

We do English exercises to help us learn English well.

我们做英语练习以便学好英语。

词汇精练

I. 英汉短语互译。

1．决定做________ 2．start a girl’s football team ________

3．从那时起________ 4．a member of ________

5．参加________ 6．in excellent condition ________

7．在过去几年里________ 8．with a smile on one’s face ________

9．全身________ 10．…________

II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。

1．When you get a fever，your t______ is higher than usual．

2．If you have been ill for more t______ one day，go to the doctor．

3．It’s easy to look a _______ your dog．

4．I love p_______ computer games with my friends．

5．Fast food is not h_______ and once I got a stomachache．

6．Jack feels terrible．He thinks he has got a _______(感冒)．

7．Sonia is in bed because she has got a _______(发烧)．

8．The woman often has got a _______(头疼)．

9．My head h_______ last week．

10．The little boy ate lots of ice cream．Now he has got a _______(肚子疼)．

III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1．I often get exercise by ________(walk) after dinner．

2．He ________(live) there in the last five years．

3．How old were you when you first started _______(play) the piano?

4．I enjoy _______(watch) TV．

5．Exercise is good for our _______(healthy)．

句式精讲

1. Do not eat fast food!

表示命令、请求、禁止或建议等语气的句子叫祈使句。祈使句通常省去主语you。有时为了表达较委婉或客气的语气，可在句子开头或末尾加please。其肯定结构通常以动词原形开 3 / 7

头；否定结构在动词前加don’t。例如：

Open the door. 把门打开。

Don’t do it like that. 不要像那样做。

口诀：

祈使句，祈使句，请求，命令或建议；

动词原形来开头，主语是you常省去；

若要构成否定句，句首Don’t 别客气；

要使语气更委婉，please前后均可以。

2. Why don’t we go for a run before school?

Why don’t we/you do sth.? 是一个否定疑问句，意为“为什么不……？”常用来征求意见和提出建议，相当于“Why not do sth.?”例如：

Why don’t you go with us?

= Why not go with us? 为什么不同我们一起去呢？

Why don’t you go swimming?

= Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？

【拓展】

why not用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如：

— Let’s go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。

— Why not? 好啊！

3. Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.

too…to…意为“太……而不能……”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。

例如：

The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。

【拓展】

（1）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：

The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。

（2）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如：

The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。

（3）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：

The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。

（4）含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：

He is too old to do hard work.

=He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。

（5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

He is too old to do hard work.

=He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能做重活。

4. So you have already been in hospital for two days.

in hospital意为“住院”。

The two sisters take their turns to take care of their mother in hospital.

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这两个姐妹轮流照看他们住院的妈妈。

【拓展】

in hospital 指住院，强调身体状况。

in the hospital 指在医院，强调地点。

例如：

His mother was in hospital.

他的妈妈生病住院了。

His mother was in the hospital.

他的妈妈在医院里。

类似情况：in bed 指卧病在床，强调身体状况；

in the bed 指在床上，强调地点。

5. I went running in the park to get fit, …

“go+动词-ing形式”表示“去做某事”，常用于从事某一项体育活动或休闲娱乐活动，动名词前面不能用some或其他表示数量概念的词语修饰，常见的短语有：

go bike riding 骑自行车远行 go sightseeing 去观光

go shopping去买东西 go skating去滑冰

go swimming去游泳 go boating去划船

go walking去散步 go climbing去登山

go dancing去跳舞 go hiking 去远足

【拓展】

动词do后跟动名词形式构成短语，动名词作do的宾语，具有名词性质，可以用some或the

修饰。例如：

do some reading阅读 do some washing洗涮 do some cooking做饭

do some swimming游泳 do some speaking多说 do some listening多听

句式精练

I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．He has never surfed，______ ______?(完成反意疑问句)

2．They have been here since 2000．(对划线部分提问)

______ ______ have they been here?

3．The old man died last year．(同义句转换)

The old man ______ ______ ______ for a year．

4．This factory opened twenty years ago．(同义句转换)

This factory ______ ______ ______ for twenty years．

5．Miss Gao left an hour ago．(同义句转换)

Miss Gao ______ ______ ______ _______ an hour ago．

6．Her mother has been a Party member for three years．(同义句转换)

Her mother _______ the Party three years ________．

7．The Green Family moved to France two years ago．(同义句转换)

______ two years ______ the Green family moved to France．

8．The bus has arrived here．It arrived ten minutes ago．(把两个句子合并成一个句子)

___________________________________________________________

II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．我还没有发现我最喜爱的运动。

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I ______ ______ my ______ sport．

2．我正变得健康了许多。

I am getting ______ ______ fit．

3．从那时起，它就成了我生活的一部分。

______ ______，it has become part of my life．

4．我昨天头痛的很严重。

I had a very ______ _______ yesterday．

5．老师面带微笑进了教室。

The teacher came into the classroom ______ a smile ______ her face．

6．这个女孩是我们学校篮球队成员之一。

The girl is a _______ _______ our school basketball team．

7．我今天感觉不舒服。

I’m not _______ _______ today．

8．露西参加了和我们一样的训练。

Lucy ______ ______ ______ the same training with us．

9．你的左脚怎么了? 让我给你检查一下吧!

What’s ______ with your left foot? Let me ______ it．

10．我太弱而不能做任何锻炼。

I’m ______ weak ______ do any exercise．

III. 语法专练：选择括号内适当的词填空。

1．Both his parents look sad．Maybe they _______ (knew; have known; must know) what

happened to him．

2．He has _______ (already; never; ever) been to Shanghai，has he?

3．Have you met Mr. Li _______( just; ago; before)?

4．It _______ (is; has; was) ten years since he left the army．

5．My parents _______ (have been in; have been to; have gone to) Shandong for ten years．

IV. 补全对话。

Choose the best choice from A to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each

choice should be used only once.

A: Hi, Peter. I see you wearing a pair of glasses. But you didn’t wear it before, did you?

B: (1) But I’m afraid I have to wear it now.

A: (2)

B: Because I get screen sightedness（近视症）and (3)

A: (4) What happened?

B: My doctor said that I watched movies or played games on my iPad quite a lot. I suggest you not

to do that like me.

A: (5) Peter.

B: You’re welcome.

A. Why? B. I’m sorry to hear that.

C. No, I didn’t. D. Thank you for your advice.

E. Yes, I did. F. I can’t see things clearly.

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【参考答案】

词汇精练

I. 英汉短语互译。

1．decide to do 2．组建女子足球队 3．since then

4．……成员 5．take part in 6．健康状况良好

7．in the last few years 8．脸上带着微笑

9．all over the body 10．太……而不能……

II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。

1．temperature 2．than 3．after 4．playing 5．healthy

6．cold 7．fever 8．headache 9．hurt 10．stomachache

III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1．walking 2．has lived 3．playing 4．watching 5．health

句式精练

I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．has he

2．How long

3．has been dead

4．has been open

5．has been away since

6．joined；ago

7．It is；since

8．The bus has been here for ten minutes．

II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．haven’t found；favourite 2．a lot 3．Since then 4．bad headache 5．with；on

6．member of 7．feeling well 8．took part in 9．wrong；check 10．too；to

III. 语法专练：选择括号内适当的词填空。

1．have known 2．never 3．before 4．is 5．have been in

IV. 补全对话。

1—5 CAFBD

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