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2024年1月4日发(作者:计算机网络技术基础知识)
元音字母不发音和辅音字母不发音的规则
元音字母在单词中不发音的规则,一般有4条:
一、-e在词尾,一般不发音,如:life [laif] (生命)face [feis] (脸)home
[hεum] (家)
二、一些来自法语的词的词尾-que或gue,其中-ue不发音,如:tongue
[t∧η] (舌头) dialogue ['dai εl)g] (对话)technique [tek'ni:k] (技巧)
三、在轻读音节,有些词的词尾中的元音不发音,如:1)-al capital ['k?pitl]
(首都)
(2)-en garden ['ga:dn] (花园)(3)-ed burned [bε:nd] (燃烧)(4)-el
vessel ['vesl] (船)(5)-in basin ['beisn] (脸盆)(6)-il evil ['i:vl] (邪恶)
(7)-on button ['b∧tn] (钮扣)但在[k]、[g]和[nd]音之后的元音,仍然发音,如:
bacon ['beikεn] (熏猪肉)waggon ['w?gεn] (运货马车)london ['l∧ndεn]
(伦敦)四、在轻读音节中,在词中间的-en-,-er-,其中的元音不发音,如:en-
absent ['absnt] (缺席)recent ['ri:snt] (最近)every ['evri] (每个)several
['sevrεl] (几个)
辅音字母在单词中不发音的规则,一般有下列14条:
一、字母b在字母t之前,如:debt [det] (欠债)
二、字母b在字母m之后,如:comb [kεum] (梳子)
三、字母c在字母s之后,如:muscle ['m∧sl] (肌肉)
四、字母d在词尾-dge中,如:bridge [brid3] (桥)
五、字母g在字母n之前,如:sign [sain] (标记)
六、字母gh在t之前,如:fight [fait] (打)
七、字母h在r之后,如:rhythem ['riem] (节奏)
八、字母h在词首ex-之后,如:exhibition [eksi'bi∫n] (展览会)
九、字母h在词首gh中,如:ghost [gεust] (鬼)
十、字母k在字母n之前,如:knee [ni:] (膝)
十一、字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中,如:talk [t):k] (谈话)half
[ha:f] (一半)calm [ka:m] (平静)could [kud] (能)
十二、字母n在词尾-mn中,如:autumn ['):tεm] (秋天)
十三、字母t在词尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中,如:listen [' lisn]
(听)castle ['ka:sl] (城堡)、soften ['s)fn] (软化)
十四、字母w在字母r之前,如:wrong [r)η] (错)
字母发音规律记忆口诀
英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律:(要求熟记于心,脱口而出)
总口诀:元音字母音多变,熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。
字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律,划分音节顺口连,
元音字母在中间,辅音字母两边站,字母组合算一个,熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀:辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词:blue, table, Crisp, class,
picture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee,
green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k / l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan,
book, look, blue, Klan
class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank,
English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose,
please, sure[F], usually[V], pleasure
x 发音剪头端,[ks]多于[gz]面;six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam,
(后接重读元音) t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念;teacher, it, very, voice,
river, with, swim, wash, which, white
最后一个字母z,发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
a开头的元音字母组合的读音.
:①重读音节中发/ei/:afraid,again,fail,rain,train,wait ②非重读音节中发/ i/,或者不发音:mountain /i/;certainly不发音③特例:said /e /
:①重读音节中发/:/:August,autumn,caught,taught ②非重读音节中发//: Australia
e开头的元音字母组合读音
:①常发/i:/:each,east,easy,eat,beat,cheap,mean,reach,season,
speak,weak ②也发/e/:already,breakfast,dead,healthy,heavy,ready,weather
③特例:great,break /ei /;idea,really /i /;beautiful不发音
:只能发/i:/:agree,between,feel,green,seem,sheep,sleep,street,
sweet
:①重读音节中发/ei/:eight;但在c后发/i:/:receive ②在either,neither中既可发/ai/也可发/i:/③非重读音节中发/i/:foreign ④特例:aunt,laugh /a:/; because //元音字母组合读音
i开头的元音字母组合读音。
:①非重读音节或后有n时发/j /:Australia;Indian ②词首的dia中发/ai /: diary,dialogue ③非重读音节的s后发//:Russian
:①词尾的重读音节中发/ai/:die,lie,tie ②重读音节的词中发/ai
/:quiet, science ③在除tenth外的整十的序数词中发/ii/:twentieth ④特例:friend,friendly /e /;field,piece /i:/
:①可发/ai /:pioneer ②也发/i u/:radio
o开头的元音字母组合读音。
:只能发/u/:boat,coat,road
发/i/:noise,join
:①t,d,k前发/u/:foot,football,good,understood,wood,bookshop,
cook。特例:food /u:/②-room复合词中发/u/:bedroom,classroom ③词尾或l,m,
n,s,th前发/u:/:too,zoo,cool,room,noon,soon,choose,tooth。特例:wool /u/
:①/au/:ground,loud,mountain,mouth,round,shout,sound,thousand,
without ②发//的也不少:country,enough,trouble,young ③在一些不规则动词的过去式或过去分词中发/:/bought,brought,thought ④个别词中发/u/:though ⑤非重读音节中发//:dangerous,famous,favourite,serious ⑥特例:you,group,through /u:/;could,would,should /u/
u开头的元音字母组合读音。
:①/u /:February ②/ju /:January
:①/i/:build,built,building ②/u:/:fruit
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