英语发音规则重读轻读略读浊音

TIPS:

第一.找到元音字母 AEIOU Y

第二.判断音节数目 1.单音节 2.双音节 3.多音节

第三.识别重读音节 1.单音节词都重读 cat at cup sit this

that her he me we my coat meat eat

2.双音节词 一般情况下;动词在后面重读;非动词在前面重读

单音节加上前缀或后缀;在原词上重读

3.多音节词 一般情况下;在倒数第三音节上重读..

双音节加上前缀或后缀;在原词上重读

4.若单词以-tion;-sion;-ic结尾;则在其前一个元音上重读

5.第一重读音节前若还有两个以上的音节;则在倒数第二个音节上再重读

第四.划分重读音节 1.重读在后;其前至少有一辅音归后 注意pl;bl;gl;br;pr;ph;th;gr;tr;sp;st

2.重读在前;后面的辅音遵循一分为二、前一后二的原则

第五.确定音节类别 重读音节1.开音节2.闭音节3.- re 音节4.-r音节5字母组合

弱读音节1.单个元音音节 2.-r音节3.字母组合4.非重读辅音音节

重 读 音 节 1开音节 1.绝对开音节 单个元音直接结尾

he;she;me;we;the;shy;by;my;go;no;

2.相对开音节 单个元音+单个辅音+e like;

name;home;cute;these

3.第三开音节 单个元音直接+e

shoe;pie;lie;toe;see;true;free;due

2闭音节 1.绝对闭音节 单个元音+单个辅音结尾

mop;cat;cup;dig;get;fit;hat;hot;gut

2.相对闭音节 单个元音+两个辅音+e

dance;sense;fence;chance;collapse

3.第三闭音节 单个元音直接+多个辅音

desk;scratch;fetch;bath;front

4.第四闭音节 单个元音+rr+元音

sorry;hurry;marry;merry;mirror

3 r 音节 1.绝对 R音节 单个元音+单个R

car;for;sir;her;fur;far;bar;nor;per

2.相对 R音节 单个元音+单个R+单辅+e horse;nurse

3.第三 R音节 单个元音+单个R+辅音 park;hard;torch

4 re 音节 1.绝对re 音节 单个元音+单个R+e

care;more;here;sure;tire

2.相对re 音节 单个元音+单个R+元音

zero;serious;hero;parent;curious

5字 母 组 合 1.元元组合 ai;au

wait;because;fault;main

ea;ee;ei;eau eat;heat;meat;meet;deed;receive;beautiful

oa;oo;oi;ou boat;coat;book;foot;soil;house;

ia;ie;io bias;believe;violent;social;society;Russia

ui fruit;juice

ay;ey;oy day;grey;boy;tray

2.单元辅组合 al;aw; ball;tall;small;saw;paw

ig;igh; sign;high;night;

ew new;few;dew

ow know;now;how;sow

3.多元辅组合 air;augh hair;air;fair;caught;daughter

eer;ear;eir; deer;fear;near;heir;heart;learn

eigh eight;height;

oor;oar;oul door;board;boar;could;should

ower;our power;tower;hour;labour;flower

非重读音节 1单元音节 单个元音音节 a;e;i;o;u

office;different;elephant;unselfishness;

2 r 音节 构成同重读音节 ar;er;ir;or;ur

sister;doctor;particular;surprise

3字母组合 构成同重读音节

window;nation;social;blackboard;bathroom

4辅音音节 在词尾的 m tm;dm seldom;autumn;

在词尾的 n tn;dn;sn;fn garden;cotton;listen;offen;common;

在词尾的 l tl;nl;ml;dl;fl

little;middle;trifle;animal;apple;table;crystle

sl;pl;bl;gl;zl

castle;mentle;capital;possible;terrible;puzzle

英语国际音标

音标基础知识

一．音节

⒈什么是音节

⑴音节通常由一个元音加上一个或几个辅音构成;也可以由单独一个元音构成..此外;l、m、n在后面没有元音的情况下也可与它前面的辅音构成一个音节..

·相关链接：

A syllable is part of a word that contains one vowel sound;it may

also contain one or more consonant general;the number of

vowels in the word determines the number of syllables.

:Pronouncing American English

一个音节通常是一个含有一个元音和一个或几个辅音的单词的一部分..一般来说;单词中元音的个数决定这个单词音节的个数..

—美国英语发音词典

⑵含有元音的音节和若干个辅音音素

①只有一个元音音素音节核peak

eye our hour ah

②含有一个元音音素和音节尾音节核peak+音节尾coda

am ought ease

③含有一个元音音素、音节首和音节尾音节首onset+音节核peak+音节尾coda

run must fill

④含有成音节辅音的音节

辅音+成音节/l、m、n/

bottle people cotton bottom

·相关链接：

In a word like “bottle”;the weak syllable contains no vowel at

all;but consists entirely of the call this a syllabic

consonant.

在像“bottle”这样的词中;非重读音节中根本没有元音;而全是辅音..我们把这样完全由辅音字母构成的音节叫做构成音节的辅音;简称“成音节”..

⒉音节的分类

⑴音节按读音可分为开音节和闭音节..开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节..在开音节中;这个元音字母发字母本身音..

①绝对开音节是指元音字母后面没有辅音字母而构成的音节;如：we no

see sea tea bee

②相对开音节是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母除r外;最后是一个不发音的e构成的音节;如：name cake game face time like nice fine

five nose home use cute

③闭音节是指元音字母后面有辅音字母除r外构成的音节;如：cat on desk

not leg

⑵音节按是否重读可以分为重读音节和非重读音节..

预备知识

只含有一个音节的单词叫做单音节词；含有两个音节的单词叫做双音节词；含有三个或三个以上音节的单词叫做多音节词..

①重读音节重音：在双音节词和多音节词中;有一个音节读得特别重;叫做重读音节;简称“重音”;用“'”来表示;加在重读音节的左上方..有些单词音节较多;除了重音外;还有次重音;用“ ”来表示..不重读的音节为非重读音节..单音节词作重读处理;但不标重音符号..

标注单词重音一般规则如下：

5 4 3 2 1

___ ___ '___ ___ ___ university ju:n 'v :s t

'___ ___ ___ difficult'd f k lt

'___ ___ study'st d

___ goodg d

②重读开音节：以元音字母结尾的重读音节叫重读开音节；

重读闭音节：以辅音字母结尾的重读音节叫重读闭音节..

应用：单词变形..

以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词;双写词尾加ing变为现在分词;双写词尾加ed变为过去式和过去分词..

但infer;refer;prefer三个词在变过去式、过去分词、现在分词时双写“r”;是重读开音节双写词尾..

⒊音节的划分

划分音节的方法：元音是构成音节的主体;辅音是音节的分界线..

⑴两辅音之间不管有多少个元音;一般都是一个音节..如：beat beauty

⑵两个音节相邻处只有一个辅音字母时除r和字母组合外;如前面是开音节;该辅音字母属于后面；如前面是闭音节;该辅音字母属于前面..如：stu-dent stud-y

⑶两个音节相邻处有两个辅音字母时除r和字母组合外;一个辅音字母归前一音节;一aaa个归后后一音节..如：run-ner win-ter

⑷两个音节相邻处有字母r时：

①相邻处是rr时;前者属于前面;后者属于后面;且前者按重读闭音节规律发音..如：

mar-ry

②相邻处是“元音字母+r+其他辅音字母”时;r属于前面并按-r音节规律发音..如：

far-ther

③相邻处是“元音字母+r+元音字母”时;r属于前面..r前的元音字母按-re音节规律发音..如：dur-ing'dj r

⑸不能拆分的字母组合按字母组合划分音节..如：daugh-ter fa-ther

tea-cher

移行时：⑴要按音节移;连字符“-”位于行末如picture

⑵单个字母的音节不能单独留在行末如unit或单独移至下行首如city

⑶有连字符的在连字符处断开如picture-book

上行：...pic- ...u- ...cit- ... picture-

下行： nit ... y... book

正确 错误 错误 正确

⒋元音气流不受阻碍;声带振动；辅音气流受阻碍;清辅音声带不振动;浊辅音声带振动..

⒌拼读方法

辅音在前;元音在后;两者要相拼..先发出辅音;然后连续过渡到元音的口形;发出元音的声音;中间不要有停顿..

元音在前;辅音在后;连续发出各自的音..

⒍元音音素和辅音音素：

分类一：

单元音12个：

长元音：i:ɑ: :u: :

短元音： e

双元音8个：a e a e

清辅音11个：ptkfsθ tst trh

浊辅音15个：bdgvze dzd drlrmn

半元音2个：wj

分类二：

元音：

前元音：i: e

中元音： :

后元音：ɑ: : u:

双元音：e a a e

辅音：

爆破音：pbkgtdtrdr

摩擦音：fvsz θetsdzr

鼻音：mn

舌边音：l

破擦音：ht d

半元音：wj

国际音标和英语字母在书写方面的联系

—从音标到字母和字母组合

单元音：

i:: ⑴e:he she me we

⑵ea:tea eat meat

⑶ee:see tree see

⑷ei:receive

⑸ey:key

⑹i:police policeman policewoman machine

⑺eo:people

⑻ie:piece field believe thief

: ⑴a:orange cabbage

⑵ay:Sunday holiday

⑶e:begin English pretty cinema

⑷ey:monkey

⑸i:it is in big

⑹y:city very sorry

⑺u:busy

⑻ui:build building

⑼ai:captain

e: ⑴a:any many anyone

⑵ai:said

⑶ay:says

⑷e:pen bed yes egg desk

⑸ea:bread head breakfast

⑹u:bury

:a:bag am and at sad

:⑴a:along about banana Canana China

⑵e:student open children different

⑶i:holiday April

⑷o:today welcome police

⑸u:minus autumn

⑹er:father mother brother sister

⑺or:doctor forget mirror

⑻ar:sugar

⑼re:metre tired fire

⑽ou:delicious previous

⑾ur:surprise Saturday

⑿our:colour

⒀ure:picture pleasure

⒁oar:cupboard

⒂yr:martyr satyr

::⑴ear:learn earth early heard

⑵er:her term

⑶ir:first girl bird skirt sir third

⑷or:work word world

⑸ur:nurse turn hurt Thursday

⑹yr:myrtle

⑺our:journalist journal

: ⑴o: come none love other

⑵oo:blood flood

⑶ou:touch country enough young

⑷u:bus sun but cut up us

ɑ::⑴a:class banana father after

⑵al:half palm

⑶ar:car far park arm star

⑷au:aunt laugh

⑸ear:heart

:⑴wa:want wash watch what

⑵o:hot on not sorry

⑶ou:cough

⑷au:Australia

::⑴wa:water

⑵al:all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wall

⑶war:warm quarter

⑷au:August autumn daughter

⑸aw:draw saw law

⑹oor:door floor

⑺ore:more before

⑻or:or for short sport

⑼ou:bought brought thought

⑽our:four your

⑾awe:awe awed aweless

⑿oar:board blackboard cardboard

⒀o:story

:⑴o:woman wolf

⑵oo:book look good foot

⑶oul:could would should

⑷u:put sugar full push

u::⑴ew:flew grew review Jew

⑵o:do to who

⑶oo:too zoo food pool boot school

⑷ou:soup group through

⑸u:blue glue June

⑹ui:fruit juice

⑺oe:shoe

双元音：

a :⑴i:time like nice fine five

⑵y:my by why

⑶ig:sign high light right

⑷ie:die lie tie

e :⑴a:name cake game face

⑵ai:rain train wait

⑶ay: day may okay play today

⑷ei:veil vein

⑸eigh:eight eighteen eighty

⑹ey:they

⑺ea:great break

:⑴oi:oil toilet boil soil

⑵oy:boy toy employee

a :⑴ou:out about house blouse

⑵ow:how now cow

:⑴o:go no nose home

⑵ow:show know yellow window

⑶oa:goat boat

⑷ou:shoulder though

⑸oe:woe

:⑴e:zero cereal serious

⑵ea:real really idea cereal

⑶ere:here

⑷ear:ear dear hear near clear

⑸eer:beer deer pioneer

e :⑴air:air hair chair

⑵are:care hare parent

⑶ear:pear wear bear

⑷ere:there where

⑸eir:their theirs

⑹a:Mary

:⑴ure:sure

⑵oor:poor

⑶our:tour

辅音：

清辅成对辅音：

p-b t-d k-g f-v s-z θ-e - ts-dz t -d tr-dr

清音浊化：清辅音ptktr等在s后重读时由送气音变为不完全送气音;即发其浊辅音bdgdr;但音标仍写成清辅音..如：sportsp :t;student'stju:d

nt;

skyska ; streetstri:t..但弱读时s后的清辅音仍读请辅音;不读相对的浊辅音..

如：hostess 'h st s..

p:⑴p:pen map help cheap pencil paper

⑵pp:apple happy appear

b:⑴b:bag by bed boy bus blue

⑵bb:rabbit cabbage

t:⑴t:ten time not get table

⑵tt:bottle bottom little pretty

⑶ed:watched washed cooked helped danced

d:⑴d:desk door day dog

⑵dd:add daddy middle

⑶ed:played cleaned climbed answered arrived aired boiled

emptied enjoyed cried

k:⑴c:cat come cut clock cry picture bloc

⑵cc: occasion according occupy acclaim

⑶ch:school Christmas chemistry technique technology stomach

⑷k:book bike cake kite Kate look

⑸ck:black duck clock jacket cock

⑹q:Iraq coq

⑺que:unique technique

g:⑴g:go girl big get

⑵gg:egg bigger biggest

⑶gu:guess

⑷gue:dialogue

⑸gh:ghyll ghost

f:⑴f:five fish fine family fifteen

⑵ph:photo phone elephant photograph

⑶gh:laugh enough

⑷ff:off coffee

v:⑴v:very five have

⑵f:of

s:⑴c:nice city cycle

⑵s:sit six some bus use us desk books

⑶ss:miss class glass grass

⑷sc:science scene

⑸ps:psalm psywar

z:⑴s:is his please music lose husband apples

⑵es:leaves thieves knives wives

⑶z:zoo zero

⑷zz:buzz

θ:th:three thank month thin

e:⑴th:this the with than

⑵the:breathe soythe

:⑴sh:she shoe short shop wash

⑵s:sure Asia

⑶c: special sufficient delicious

⑷t:station national patient

⑸ss:Russia profession

⑹ch:machine

:⑴s:usually television pleasure

⑵z:seizure

⑶ge:garage

ts:⑴ts:shirts hurts coats costs goats

⑵t’s:Let’s

⑶tes:kites gates dates

⑷zz:pizza

dz:⑴ds:beds birds hands friends

⑵des:decides

t :⑴ch:chair much lunch China

⑵tch:watch

⑶t: picture question

d :⑴ge:age page huge orange

⑵g:gentle gentleman general

⑶dge:bridge porridge judge

⑷j:jump jacket just June Jim

⑸ch:sandwich

tr:tr:tree trip try true truth

dr:dr:dress drive hundred children

单个辅音：

h:⑴h:he her have hand head hair

⑵wh:who whom whose

l:⑴l:let look please lake people

⑵ll:tell full till bell

⑶tle:whistle

r:⑴r:red right three

⑵rr:sorry worry hurry carry carrot

⑶wr:write wrong

m:⑴m:man meat meet time

⑵mm:common communicate

⑶mb:climb lamb

⑷mn:autumn

n:⑴n:name nice nine near under

⑵kn:know knife

⑶nn:Ann

⑷mn:mnemonics

:⑴ng:sing long young morning

⑵nk:thank think ink pink

⑶ng:English

w:⑴w:we window work walk

⑵wh:what why where white

j:⑴y:yes you year yellow

⑵j:Jensen ja hallelujah jaap

⑶i:onion review million billion brilliant behaviour

⑷e:Europe

国际音标和英语字母在读音方面的联系

—从字母和字母组合到音标

Ⅰ.元音字母a及a+其他字母的读音

a在重读开音节中读e ：name cake game face

a在重读闭音节中读 ：bag am and at sad

a在辅音字母s;th;f;n;ph前读ɑ:：class fast grasp ask father after

dance graph

a在w后读 或 :：want what waterw :t

a在ny前读e：any many

a弱读时读 ：along about banana Canana China

a在非重读音节中读 ：orange cabbage

a读e ：Mary

ai读e ：rain train wait

ai读 ：captain

ai读e：said

ay读e ：day may okay play today

ay弱读读 ：Sunday holiday

ay读e：says

air读e ：air hair chair

al在多数辅音字母前读 :f;m除外：all ball call fall hall mall small

talk tall wall

al还读 :l特别当后面不是k;f;m时：also salt

al在辅音字母f;m前读ɑ:：half palm

ar在重读音节中读ɑ:：:car far park arm star

ar在w后读 :：warm quarter

ar弱读读 ：sugar

are读e ：care hare parent

ass在重读音节中读ɑ:s：class glass grass pass

au在重读音节中读 :：August autumn daughter

au读 ：Australia

au还读作ɑ:：aunt laugh

aw在重读音节中读 :：draw saw law

awe读 :：awe awed aweless

Ⅱ. 元音字母e及e+其他字母的读音

e在重读开音节中读i:：he she me we

e在重读闭音节中读e：pen bed yes egg desk

e在非重读音节中读 ：begin English pretty cinema

e弱读读 ：student open children different

e读 ：zero cereal serious

e读j：Europe

ea在重读音节中读i:：tea eat meat

ea读e：bread head breakfast

ea读e ：great break

ea读 ：real really idea cereal

ear读 :：learn earth early heard

ear读e ：pear wear bear

ear读 ：ear dear hear near clear

ear读ɑ:：heart

ed在大部分清辅音后读tt除外：watched washed cooked helped danced

ed在元音和浊辅音后读dd除外：played cleaned climbed answered

arrived aired boiled emptied enjoyed cried

ed在td后读 d：wanted needed

ee在重读音节中读i:：see tree see

eer读 ：beer deer pioneer

ei读i:：receive

ei读e ：veil vein

ei在gh前读e ：eight eighteen eighty

eir读e ：their theirs

eo读i:：people

er在重读闭音节中读 :：her term

er在非重读音节中读 ：father mother brother sister

ere读 ：here

ere读e ：there where

es在浊辅音 d 除外及元音后;es发z：leaves thieves knives wives

potatoes tomatoes heroes Negroes goes does families stories

es在sz t d 后读 z：buses blouses dishes garages watches

oranges

ew读ju:：new newspaper review

ew在l;r;j后读u:：flew grew Jew

ex读eks：exercise exit

ex读 ks：excle expensive extinct

ex读 gz：exam examination exactly

ey读i:：key

ey读 ：monkey valley

ey读e ：they

Ⅲ. 元音字母i及i+其他字母的读音

i在重读开音节中读a ：time like rice

i在重读闭音节中读 ：big six sit

i读i:：police policeman policewoman machine

i弱读读 ：holiday April

i在非重读音节中读 ：taxi

i读j：onion review million billion brilliant behaviour

i在元音字母a;e;o前读a ：dialogue quiet pioneer

i在g前读a ：sign high light right

i在nd前读a ：find behind

i在ld前读a ：child

i在re前读a ：fire tired retire

ie在重读音节中辅音字母前读i:：piece field believe thief

ie在重读音节词词尾读a ：lie die

ir在重读音节中读 :：bird girl first

Ⅳ.元音字母o及o+其他字母的读音

o在重读开音节中读 ：go no nose home

o在辅音字母st;ld前读 ：post old

o在重读闭音节中读 ：hot on not sorry

o读 :：story

o在辅音字母m;n;v和th前读 ：come none love other

o读u:：do to who

o在w后读 ：woman wolf

o在非重读音节中读 ：today policeman

oa在重读音节中读 ：boat coat

oar读 :：board blackboard cardboard

oar读 ：cupboard

oe读 ：woe

oe读u:：shoe

oi读 ：oil toilet boil soil

oo一般读u:：too zoo food pool boot school

oo在d;k和少数t前读 ：book look good foot

oo读 ：blood flood

oor读 :：door floor

oor读 ：poor

or在重读音节中读 :：or for short sport

or在w后读 :：work word world

or读 ：doctor forget mirror

ore读 :：more before

ou在多数情况下读a ：out about house blouse

ou在ght前读 :：bought brought thought

ou读 ：touch country enough young

ou读u:：soup group through

ou读 ：shoulder though

ou读 ：cough

ou读 ：delicious previous

oul读 ：could would should

our读 :：four your

our读 :：journalist journal

our读 ：colour

our读 ：tour

our读a ：our hour

ow读a ：how now cow

ow读 ：show know yellow window

owe或ower读a ：towel flower

oy读 ：boy toy employee

Ⅴ. 元音字母u及u+其他字母的读音

u在重读开音节中读ju:：student Tuesday

u在重读闭音节中读 ：bus sun but cut up us

u处于开音节位置;又在辅音字母j;l;r;s后读u:：June fluency February

Sue

u在重读闭音节中还读 ：put sugar full push

u在非重读音节中读 ：minus autumn

u读 ：busy minute

u读e：bury

ui读ju:或j ;ju: ：suit suicide

l;r;j+ui时;ui读作u:或 ;u: ：sluise fruit juice fluid ruin

ui读 ：build building

ur在重读音节中读 :：nurse turn hurt Thursday

ur读 ：surprise Saturday

ure读 ：sure

ure在非重读音节中读 ：picture pleasure

ure在重读音节中读j ：cure

Ⅵ.21个辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音

b读b：bag by bed boy bus blue

bt;mb在词尾时;b不发音：debt climb comb

bb读b：rabbit cabbage

c在字母e;i;y前读s：nice city cycle

应用：字母c后有e或i时;c发s;为保持发音不变;而加k;后加ing变现在分词;加ed变过去式和过去分词..高中阶段常见的几个词：picnic野餐、

mimic模仿、traffic交易、买卖、panic使恐慌；使惊慌失措

c在字母a;o;u;l;r;t前或在音节末尾读k：cat come cut clock cry

picture bloc

c+ia;ie;io时;c读 ：special sufficient delicious

cc+a;o;u或l时;cc读k：occasion according occupy acclaim

cc+e;i时;cc读ks：accept accident

ch读t ：chair much lunch China

ch读k：school Christmas chemistry technique technology stomach

ch读 ：machine

ch读d ：sandwich

ck读k：black duck clock jacket cock

d读d：desk door day dog

dd读d：add daddy middle

dge读d ：bridge porridge judge

dr读dr：dress drive hundred children

ds读dz：beds birds hands friends

des读dz：decides

f读f：five fish fine family fifteen

f读v：of

ff读f：off coffee

ften读f

n：often

g读g：go girl big get

g在e前读d ：age page huge orange

g读d ：gentle gentleman general

gg读g：egg bigger biggest

ge读 ：garage

gh在i;ei;ai;ou;au后不发音：right eight straight bought daughter

gh读f：laugh enough

gh在词首时;读g：ghyll ghost

gn;gm在词尾时;g常无声：sign phlegm

gu在词首读g：guess

gu在词中读gw：language

gue在词尾读g：dialogue

h读h：he her have hand head hair

h不发音：hour

wh读w：what why where white

wh在o前读h：who whom whose

gh在词首时;h不发音：ghyll ghost

j读d ：jump jacket just June Jim

j读j：Jensen ja hallelujah jaap

k读k：book bike cake kite Kate look

kn在词首时;k不发音：know knife

l读l：let look please lake people

ll读l：tell full till bell

m读m：man meat meet time

mb在词尾时;读m;b常无声：climb comb

mm读m：common mn在词首读n：mnemonics

mn在词中时;读mn：columnist

mn在词尾时;n常无声：autumn column

n读n：name nice nine near under

n在kg前读 ：pink English

n在k后读n：know knife

n在m后读n：mnemonics

nn读n：Ann

ng在词尾读 ：sing long young morning

ng在词中读 g：English finger

nk读 k：thank think ink pink

p读p：pen map help cheap pencil paper

pp读p：apple happy appear

ph读f：photo phone elephant photograph

ps在词首时;p常不发音：psalm psywar

q读k：Iraq coq

qu在词首读kw：queen quick

que在词尾读k：unique technique

r读r：red right three

rr读r：sorry worry hurry carry carrot

wr读r：write wrong

s在词首读s：sit six some

s在清辅音后读s：books likes

s在浊辅音和元音后读z：apples windows

s读z尤其是在两个元音字母之间：his is please music

元音字母+s+无音e：①n.;adj.读s：base use

②v.读z：lose use

词中的s;其后跟清辅音字母时;s读s;其后跟浊辅音字母时;s读z：husband

s读 ：sure Asia

s读 ：usually television pleasure

sion读

n：television decision

sten读s

n：listen

desk

stle读stl：whistle

sure读 ：pleasure

sc+i;e;y读s：science scene scythe

sc+a;o;u读sk：scarf score scud

ss读s：miss class glass grass

ss读 ：Russia profession

ssion读

n：expression

sh读 ：she shoe short shop wash

t读t：ten time not get table

t读t :picture question

tch读t :watch

t+ia;ie时;t读 ：martial patient

sten;ften;stle中;t无声：listen often whistle

tes读ts：kites gates dates

tt读t：bottle bottom little pretty

tion读

n：station national patient

s+tion时读t n：question

th读θ：three thank month thin

th在pron.;art.;prep.;conj.中读e：this the with than

词尾the读e：breathe soythe

词尾ther读e ：father mother brother sister

tr读tr：tree trip try true truth

ts读ts：shirts hurts coats costs goats

t’s读ts：Let’s

ture读t ：picture

v读v：very five have

w读w：we window work walk

w不发音：two

wh读w：what why where white

wh在o前读h：who whom whose

wr在词首读r;w无声：write wrong

x读ks：box six excuse next

x读gz：exam exact example

y在重读开音节中读a ：my by why

y在重读闭音节中读 ：city very sorry

y在词首读j：yes you year yellow

yr读 :：myrtle

yr读a ：martyr satyr

yre读 ：tyre byre

z读z：zoo zero

z读 ：seizure

zz读z：buzz

zz读ts：pizza