第三章 翻译中的对比

第三章翻译中的对比

一、翻译下列句子，注意划线部分词语的意义。

1. The little girl has a beautiful face.

2. He put the cards face down on the table.

3. She had the face to insult him in public.

4. The farm remained wild country for a long time.

5. He led a wild life in his youth.

6.他个子很矮，总被人嘲笑。

7.我唱不了那么低调子的歌。

8.在那些尖子生中间我总觉得低人一等。

9.我们要坚持党的基本路线不动摇。

10.不管别人说什么，他总是坚持自己的观点。

二、翻译下列句子，注意划线部分词语语体色彩和情感色彩的体现。

1. Er, well, see you morrow.

2. No soldier, in time of peace be quartered I any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in

time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

3. A good salesman must be aggressive if he wants to succeed.

4. As a westerner I was a strange sight in this remote spot.

5. Try not to get involved in office politics.

6.禁止赌博。

7.这小伙子干活真冲。

8.他们讲唯心论，我们讲唯物论。

9.证券、股市这些东西究竟好不好，有没有危险，是不是资本主义独有的东西？

10.那个人醉心于名利。

三、把下列句子翻译成汉语，注意疑问的地道、流畅、自然。

1. The door opened, and theaudience came crowding in.

2. The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.

3. The carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.

4. How is it with the sick man?

5. China is known as a country with vast territory , rich resources and a large population.

6. Often he left listless and his working power was weakened by his poor health.

7. Loneliness held the great masses of immigrants together, and poverty kept them down.

8. Go before I call the police.

9. The soldiers showed that they had plenty of grit.

10. He is the man who I am told made a fortune out of the traffic in arms when he was in the

service of a certain general in the Middle East and subsequently lost it in one night at a gambling

house in Monaco.

四、把下列句子翻译成英语，注意译文要符合英语表达习惯。

1.几天之内，全国上下就武装起来了。

2.一看到那棵大树，我便想起了童年的情景。

3.凭良心讲，你待我礼貌有加，我却受之有愧。

4.必须调整高等院校的专业设置，改进教学方法。

5.上下班他一般坐地铁。

6.他跳起来，连忙跑到卫生间的镜子面前，拿掉毛巾，仔细查看脸上的伤口。

7.昨晚南京路上轧死了一个人。

8.游客止步。

9.多少一点困难怕什么？封锁吧，封锁十年八年，中国的一切问题都解决了。

10.我软化了，我被母亲那颗永远充满了爱而又从来缺少爱的心软化了。我终于决定按照母亲的愿望，报考中文系。

五、根据你所拥有的文化知识，判断下列情景中的翻译是否合适，如果不合适，请指出原因，并给出较好的译法。

1.有人把某食品公司生产的“白象”牌方便面的商标“白象”翻译为“white elephant”。

2.某自行车厂生产一种“飞鸽”牌自行车，其商标曾翻译为“flying pigeon”。

3.主人宴请外宾吃饭，摆了满满一桌子菜，席间，主人不停地为客人夹菜，还对客人谦虚道：“今天没有什么菜，随便吃点吧”。年轻的翻译将这句话译成“We have nothing special today,

please help yourself.”

4.某学生家长请外教到家里做客，客人临走时送了她一些礼物，说道“区区小礼，不成敬意，请你一定收下。”该生翻译道：“The presents are cheap, you must take them.”

5.在一对新人的婚礼上，有一位外宾对新郎夸奖道：“T和bride is very beautiful.”一位朋友翻译道：“新娘子真漂亮”，新郎忙谦虚道：“哪里，哪里”，翻译赶紧说，“Where, where.”

6.中午，在某外资公司，美国同事Steve对小王和小张说：“Shall we go out for lunch?”二人很高兴，答道：“OK！” Steve又说道：“Shall we go Dutch, OK?”小王英语不好，问小张这是什么意思，小张说：“这是让咱AA制！”

7.一位外籍人士的妻子在医院生下了一对双胞胎，一男一女，护士跑去道贺道：“恭喜恭喜，你爱人生了个龙凤胎。”翻译这样翻译道：“Congratulations！Your wife gave birth to twin dragon

and phoenix.”

8.有一次在宴请外宾的酒席上，一位中国人指着另一位中国人开玩笑的对外宾说：“他有气管炎（妻管严）。”当场翻译直接将他译成：He suffers from tracheitis。

1. It will also form the compendium volume to be published by UNESCO.

2. Somebody tapped me on the shoulder ,I looked up from the exercise books of my young

pupils , which I was just correcting , into the lined , kindly face of a little lay sister.

3. Nothing demonstrated more his sincere love of music than the fact that he had made new

English translations of the entire vocal works of Bach.

4. Those young criminals were beaten , refused anything to read.

5. My appearance here is strengthened by the presence of representatives of the three main

regions within the Group of 77.

6. It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time , as all did , since I had

voluntarily come to the church.

7. She has to have passed Advanced Level in two subjects before she goes to university.

8. It was high time that men ceased to regard women as second-class citizens.

9. We are grateful to him. Were it not for his help , we couldn’t have solved this problem.

10. A little flattery would set him carried away.

11. They walked with umbrellas up a winding mountain path on a drizzling and windy autumn

afternoon for a visit to a friend living in seclusion.

12. They told me that Professor Luo would have been teaching here for twenty years by this

winter.

13. Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States.

14. Then and there he named the startled General lying wounded on his cot the new Commander

in Chief of the Luftwaffe.

15. They walked together down the alley in six inches of powdery snow，the detective holding

Michael’s arm with affectionate firmness.

16. There were twenty-one of them in the dock: Goering eighty pounds lighter than when last I

had seen him, in a faded Luftwaffe uniform without insignia and obviously pleased that he had

been given the Number One place in the dock ... a sort of belated recognition of his place in the

Nazi hierarchy now that Hitler was dead

17. A conference of developing countries and richer industrialized states was held in

Washington attempting to identify priorities for improving life among poor areas of the world.

18. Lulled by the gentle motion and soothed by the rippling music of the waves the babies soon

fell asleep.

19. There was a troubled frown on his weather-beaten face, which had been disfigured by scars

from a highway accident in which Rosalie's parents had been killed.

20. You're always shoving it down my throat that you're the one with the job, but it's not so

wonderful. I'm working far harder than you.

21. Dawn met him well along the way. It was a pleasant uneventful ride.

22. Natural rubber is obtained from rubber trees as a white, milky liquid known as latex. This is

treated with acid and dried, before being dispatched to countries all over the world.

23. When steam is condensed again to water, the same amount of heat is given out as it was

taken in when the steam was formed.

24. It was understood that atoms were the smallest elements. It is known now that atoms are

further divided into nuclei and electrons, neutrons and protons, etc.

25. He died and was survived by his wife and three children.

副词

1. Power can be transmitted over a great distance with practically negligible loss if it is carried by

electric current.

2. The logic structure and nomenclature of the different operating systems vary considerably.

3. No assessment of the patient’s condition is available before the clinical experiment is over.

4. There is an opening at the upper part of the stomach called cardiac orifice which allows food

in.

5. Nonetheless, practically everything we set out to do have been achieved, including the next

magazine and the annual report.

6. The result was completely a failure, because most students did not even have the concept of

words never having been exposed either to spoken or to written language.

7. Furthermore, the European Commission has considered these experiences as a complete

success, due to their ability to face up a new economic scene.

8. We thought, specially the boys, that placards and a demonstration were important.

9. We are told that there were two hunderd employees, chiefly children.

10. Characteristically, Mr. Harold concealed his feelings and watched and learned.

11. Jordan cannot politely turn down the invitation to an Arab foreign and learned.

12. The wretched run-down rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to forget.

13. The American firm was unknowingly advertising that “You could use no finer diaper at your

dinner table. ”

14. President had prepared meticulously for his journey.

15. He smiled at me reassuringly.

16. A grenade thrown form the tower burst harmlessly on the ground.

代词

1. Laser, like radio and TV before it, will probably change many aspects of our lives before the end

of the 20th century.

2. With a videophone you not only hear the person you are talking to, but also see him.

3. It is commonplace that a society reveals its reverence or contempt for history by the respect or

disregard that it displays for older people.

4. Despite the initial major problem with grinding, the technical problems were not the most

difficult ones to solve.

5. It has been thought that radium radiations might be useful in curing various diseases.

6. To obtain desirable epitaxial layers the instrumentation must be such that parameters can be

accurately controlled.

7. I knew with this perfect sence of social relations, he had realized that in English society as an

author I was not of much account.

8. We must check the conclusion by experiment, we should not blindly rely on such as was

reached merely by calculations.

9. Truth is tough. It will not break, like a bubble, at a touch; nay, you may kick it about all day like

a football, and it will be round and full at evening.

10. All the various transitions from one from of motion into another are goverment by one of the

fundamental laws of nature, that of the eternity of matter and its motion.

11. The metallurgist has recently found a metal skin for missiles and supersonic planes, one that

will retain its strength at the high temperature caused by air friction.

12. Underground water reserves are much larger than those on the surface, but as they are

unseen we tend to underestimate them.

13. It was supposed that bodies fall to the ground with a speed which is proportional to their

weight. This means that if bodies of 100 pounds and I pound are pushed over a chiff, the former

falls 100 times as fast as the latter.

14. Nevertheless; such methods can be extremely useful when they are properly applied.

15. It is clear that privatization can not be a general and complete cure for fiscal problems, no

matter how inefficient a troubled government might be.

16. The only way an individual can receive the benefits from a private good is by paying for it;

there are not effects on others, and it is possible to separate payers from nonpayers.

介词

1. What do you think was the intention behind writing the play?

2. He went to the college for an interview with Mr. Smith.

3. He saved the children from drowning at the expense of his life.

4. Natural organic materials include plant and animal fats, alcohol acids, rubber, coal and so on, in

almost endless variety.

5. By flipping a switch on, we can produce results for checking.

6. The weight has been reduced by 80kg largely by the use of more plastics and aluminous

components.

7. However, steel is made, and will be made, everywhere in the world, not predominantly in

Western Europe as in the past, with steel from every part of the world taking part in severe

international competition.

8. The results are nevertheless beyond dispute, thanks to the accuracy of the physical methods of

measuring the characteristics of the electrons and alpha particles shot off from these

spontaneously exploding nuclei.

9. Without doubt, the assembly operation will focus on low volume products.

10. l can't concentrate on my work with so many machines making so much noise.

11. The computer can read in and out information in less than a second.

12. Nevertheless, this type of cell is still under development.

13. Greatly against their will, they must take the roundabout route overland.

14. After all these objections, you should think better of your proposal.

15. The elevator boys ooze the spit and polish of West Point cadets and in polite English 1 remind

you that you must not smoke inside their lifts.

16. Each month fewer Allied ships were left afloat, for all the feverish work in their shipyards.

17. Many new opportunities will be opened up in the course of time for those with a university

education.

18. With rockets the main problem of how we can get into space is solved.