高中英语高中名词性从句讲解版含答案

名词性从句讲解

【试一试】

一，用that 与what 填空

1.______ he wants is a book.

2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.

result is ______ we won the game.

is _____ we want to know.

_____ he told us true ?

should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.

7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.

8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.

二、用适当的连词填空：

1.____ you don’t like him is none of my business.

2. ______ we’ll go camping depends on _____ it will be fine tomorrow.

3. _____ she comes or not makes no difference.

4. The question is ____ it is worth doing.

5. There is some doubt ____he will come./ There is no doubt ____he will come.

6. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

7. _____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

8. It is said that the famous football star is not willing to play for ______ would pay him three million dollars a year.

9. It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

10. --- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

--- Is that _____ you had a few days off?

11. ---Do you remember____ he came? --- Yes, I do, he came by car.

12. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants

三．改错：

1. He has come back so early surprises all of us.

2. That he really means is what he doesn’t agree with us.

3. The news which our team had won pleased everyone.

4. The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.

5. It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.

6. The problem is when will he come back.

7. Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?

8. If he is an engineer is unknown.

9. I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.

10. What he needs are enough time and what I need is enough books.

11. No matter who comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.

12. I’ll make known to all that you were not honest.

13. He is said that he has gone to America.

14. My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.

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15. Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.

答案：

一、用that或what填空

1. What 5. what 6. what 7. that 8.

二、用适当的连词填空：

1. That 2. Whether, whether 3. Whether 4. whether 5. whether 6. It 7. Whoever

r 9. that 10. why 11. how er

1. 【误】 He has come back so early surprises all of us.

【正】 That he has come back so early surprises all of us.

【析】 that引导名词性从句时,尽管无意义也不充当成分,但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外，其它情况下不能省略。

2. 【误】 That he really means is what he doesn’t agree with us.

【正】 What he really means is that he doesn’t agree with us.

【析】 that和what均可引导名词性从句，区别在于：what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语，而that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。误句的主语从句应该用what作means的宾语，表语从句中应该用that，因为that在从句中不作任何成分。

3. 【误】 The news which our team had won pleased everyone.

【正】 The news that our team had won pleased everyone.

【析】 which在此句中不充当成分，说明从句不是定语从句而是同位语从句。同位语从句不能用which引导，故改为that。

4. 【误】 The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.

【正】 The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.

【析】主语为reason时，引导表语从句的关联词一般用that，不用because，构成The reason why / for which / that

/ for ... is that ... 句型。because引导名词性从句只用于It / This / That is because ... 结构。

5. 【误】 It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.

【正】 It is unknown where we will have the meeting.

【析】名词性从句一般只能用一个引导词，连接词that与连接副词不可并用。

6. 【误】 The problem is when will he come back.

【正】 The problem is when he will come back.

【析】 名词性从句应该用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。

7. 【误】 Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?

【正】 Could you tell me which is the way to the Science Museum?

【析】当主句为过去时态的时候，宾语从句中要用过去的某种时态。但该句中的could不是表示过去，而是表示一种委婉的语气，故宾语从句中的谓语动词应用一般时态。

8. 【误】 If he is an engineer is unknown.

【正】 Whether he is an engineer is unknown.

【析】 if不能用来引导主语从句，在表示“是否”这一意义时要用whether。

9. 【误】 I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.

【正】 I have been worrying about whether I have hurt her feelings.

【析】 if和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时可互换。但介词后的宾语从句及主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只能用whether引导。

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10. 【误】 What he needs are enough time and what I need is enough books.

【正】 What he needs is enough time and what I need are enough books.

【析】名词性从句作主语时，若表语为单数名词或不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数；若表语为可数名词复数，则谓语动词常用复数。若谓语为动词则用单数。

11. 【误】 No matter who comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.

【正】 Whoever comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.

【析】 “No matter + 疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，“wh- + ever”既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。

12. 【误】 I’ll make known to all that you were not honest.

【正】 I’ll make it known to all that you were not honest.

【析】当复合宾语的第一个成分是宾语从句时，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。其句式为：主语 + 动词 + 形式宾语it + 宾补（形容词或名词）+ 宾语从句。又如：I found it quite pleasant that I worked with him.

13. 【误】 He is said that he has gone to America.

【正】 It is said that he has gone to America.

【析】 It is said that是一固定句型，it为形式主语，不可用其他词代替。

14. 【误】 My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.

【正】 My suggestion is that we should learn more words by heart.

【析】 主语为suggestion, advice, order, proposal等名词时，表语从句要用虚拟语气，即用“（should） + 动词原形”的结构。这些名词的同位语从句也要用虚拟语气。

15. 【误】 Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.

【正】 Why we decided to put off the meeting is that we had some difficulty in preparing it.

【析】 why引导主语从句时，表语从句要用that引导。

概念

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.

连接副词：when, where, how, why等

1. 主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。

It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.

英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句 （2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句

（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 （4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)

+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …

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It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…

It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…

2. 宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.

我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：

I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。

2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

例如： I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。

3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。

例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.

月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

☆可用if的情况

1. Vt.动词后面跟的宾语从句 I don’t know whether/if he will come.

2. 不作句首的主语从句（it作形式主语的从句）It’s doubtful whether/if he is coming.

4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用

不同时态。

例如：I know he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）

I know he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）

I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）

I know he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）

当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。

例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。

例如： We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。

I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。

3. 表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

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It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：

The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning

4. 同位语从句

在句中作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词（如fact，idea，news，promise,thought等）的后面，用以说明或解释前面的名词，引导同位语从句的词有连词that，连接副词how，when，where等。例如：

I have no idea when Chaplin’s film will be on again.

We were very excited at the news that our team had won.

The fact that women can work as well as men is clear.

Henry made a promise that he would not open the letter until 2 o’clock.

【巩固练习】

一、单句改错

1. When and where we shall have the lecture are not decided.

2. They want to make it clear to the public which they are doing an important job.

3. He ordered that the injured had been taken good care of.

4. Where will they go is to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.

5. This is a fact that English is widely used as an international language.

6. What the earth moves around the sun is known to all.

7. The news they had won the game surprised us.

8. It depends on if it’s going to rain.

9. At the meeting he raised a question if the project would be cancelled.

10. That you need is more practice.

二、单项选择

1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.

A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact

2. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”

A. from what city does she come from

C. what city does she come from

A. What B. That

3. ________ makes mistakes must correct them.

C. Whoever D. Whatever

4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.

A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got

5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

A. while B. that C. if

D. for

D. he has done so

6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

A. did he do that B. he did that

A. how he is getting along

C. what he is getting along

A. however

C. he did

7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.

B. how is he getting along

D. what is he getting along

D. whenever

B. from what city she come

D. what city she comes from

8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

B. whatever C. whichever

9. He asked me ________ with me.

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A. what is the trouble

C. what was the matter

A. that

B. what wrong was

D. what trouble it is

D. that what

D. have not bee

10. I am sure ________ he said is true.

B. about that C. of that

11. When and why he came here ________ yet.

A. is not known B. are not known

12. I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost

B. did the watch cost

D. the watch costs

C. afraid that D. afraid for

C. the watch costed

A. afraid of

C. has not known

13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.

B. afraid about

14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.

A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late

D. Being a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late

A. that not all things can be done

C. being not all things can be done

A. for

A. that

B. because

B. if

15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.

B. because of not all things be done

D. because not all things can be done

D. that

D. whether

16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.

C. since

C. what

17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.

18. —“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”

—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”

A. which the room

A. that

B. which room

C. what was the room D. what room was it

D. of which

19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.

B. which C. what

20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.

Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________.

A. what little she earns

C. for little she earns

A. That…what

A. which

A. that

B. how little she earns

D. with little she earns

C. That…which

C. that

D. What…which

D. this

D. all that

21. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.

B. What…that

B. what

B. which

22. We gave him ________ help we could.

23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.

C. all what

24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held

C. when is the sports meet to begin

25. Do you happen to know ________

A. what size shoes he wears

B. how big shoes he wears

D. what number shoes are his

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D. when the sports meet is to take place

C. what is the size of his shoes

26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.

A. how you have observed

C. that you have observed

27. Where do you think ________

A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he

28. Do you know ________

A. how many populations there are in the world

B. how much population there is in the world

C. how many the population of the world is

D. what the population of the world is

29. Would you go and see ________ outside

A. what to take place

C. what is happening

A. what

B. what Tom has happened

D. what the matter had been

B. how what you have observed

D. how that you have observed

30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." is_______.

B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I

B. Do you think who he is

D. Do you think who he is

C. did they live

C. whatever

C. which it was

C. what

D. did they live in

D. no matter what

D. what it used to be

31. ________ I think he is Charles.

A. Who do you think he is

C. Whom do you think he is

A. they lived

A. that

32. He didn't know which room ________.

B. they lived in

B. which

33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.

34. The city is no longer ________.

A. what it is

A. which

A. If…do

B. that it used to be

B. that

B. who is his father

D. who his father is

C. where

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35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.

D. all what

D. That…does

D. Why…how

36. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.

B. That…do

B. That…what

B. What…that

B. that what

B. that

C. If…does

C. How…why

37. ________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of

A. What…that

A. That…what

A. what that

A. if

38. _______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

C. Where…which D. Which…where

C. that which

C. whether

D. which that

D. which

39. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.

40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.

41. —“Do you know ________”

—“His father is a doctor.”

A. what is his father

C. what his father is

A. place

42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

B. place in which D. place which

43. It ________ Bob drives badly.

A. thinks that

A. where

A. if

B. is thought what

B. wherever

B. that

C. thought that

C. that

C. what

D. is thought that

D. that wherever

44. We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.

45. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.

D. whether

46. She asked ________.

A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up

C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing

47. —May I borrow the ring

—You can take _______ you like.

A. no matter what B. which

A. what beautiful is

C. beautiful is what

A. was, be sent

A. who

A. if

C. whichever D. that

48. He said that he was fond of ________.

B. what is beautiful

D. what it is beautiful

C. be, was sent

C. that

D. be, send

49. He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.

B. is, is sent

B. whom

B. that

50. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk

D. whose

51. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.

C. whether D. how

C. except that D. but for

52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.

A. except B. except for

53. ________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.

A. Whichever is hard

C. What is hard

B. No matter what is hard

D. All what is hard

54. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.

A. That B. What C. How

A. we go B. we will go

D. Which

C. should we go D. that we go

55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.

答案：一、1. are→is2. which→that3. had been→（should） be4. will they→they will5. This→It6. What→That7. The

news→The news that8. if→whether9. if→whether10. That→What

二、

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