英语翻译真题全国统考

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全国高等教育自学考试

1．Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood; with the flood came the life-giving mud

that made Egypt the granary of the ancient world.〔 〕

A．埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

B．埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥带来泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

C．因为每年河水泛滥，泥沙形成了埃及的土地，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

D．万物之所以能生长，是因为埃及的土地是尼罗河每年泛滥带来的泥沙而形成的。埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

2．Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen

China’s GNP nearly quadruple.〔 〕

A．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值翻了两番。

B．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了几番。

C．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增长了四倍。

D．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以平均每年10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增加到原来的四倍。

3．The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the farmers no

longer occur. Egyptian agriculture has been transformed, and industry is benefiting from

power generated by the dam. 〔 〕

A．过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。

B．过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。

C．过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改进，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。

D．过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改进，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。

4．All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.〔 〕

A．全部的戏剧对于我就像全部的音乐对托尼一样。

B．正如托尼喜欢全部的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢全部的戏剧。

C．我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常观赏。

D．托尼不会观赏音乐，同样我也不会观赏戏剧。

5．I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but

also to those who have provided the splendid music. 〔 〕

A．我不仅要特别奖赏那些打算了这次壮大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音考证素材

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乐的人。

B．我不仅要特别赞扬那些打算了这次壮大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。

C．我不仅要特别赞扬那些打算了这次壮大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏好音乐的人。

D．我特别赞扬的不是那些打算了这次盛晚宴的人，而是那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。

6．我就担忧丧失时机。不抓呀，看到的时机就丢掉了，时间一晃就过去了。〔 〕

A．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they

will slip through our fingers, time speeds by.

B．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. Don’t seize them, they will slip

through our fingers, because time speeds by.

C．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they

will slip through our fingers. Now that time flies fast.

D．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they

will slip through our fingers as time speeds by.

7．我感激陆登庭校长的邀请，使我有时机在这美好的金秋时节来到你们这座美国古老而又现代化的学府。〔 〕

A．I thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this old yet modern institution of the United States

in this golden fall.

B．I wish to thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this old yet modern institution of the

United States in this golden fall.

C．I thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this ancient yet modern institution of the U.S. in

this golden autumn.

D．I wish to thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this ancient yet modern institution of the

U.S. in this golden autumn.

8．合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。〔 〕

A．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their

contributions to the registered capital.

B．The parties to the venture shall divide the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their

contributions to the registered capital.

C．The parties to the venture shall divide and enjoy the profits, share the risks and losses in

proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.

D．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, and divide the risks and losses in proportion to

their contributions to the registered capital.

9．虽然我浑身酸痛，可是不干活儿不行呀！〔 〕

A．Though I still ached all over, I must work.

B．Though I still ached all over, I had to work.

C．Though I still ached all over, I cannot but work.

D．Though I still ached all over, but I had to work.

10．中国自20世纪60年代开始进行海洋油气资源的自营勘察和开发。〔 〕

A．Since the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.

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B．Beginning from the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources

on its own.

C．As early as the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its

own.

D．Until the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.

B．Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices

labeled A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.

11．严复翻译的《天演论》，其原文的题目是〔 〕

A．Inquiry into the Nature of Evolution

B．Study of Evolution and Ethics

C．Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays

D．Study of the System of Logic

12．周煦良在“翻译三论〞一文中写道：直译可以分为三类，其中不包含〔 〕

．A．译音而不译意

B．照字面译

D．按照原文的结构或词序的翻译 C．不妄改原文的字句

13．Cicero said,“In doing so, I did not think it necessary 〔 〕.〞

A．to translate word for word

B．to preserve the general style

C．to keep the force of the language

D．to change the form of the original

14．不符合科技英语特点的是〔 〕

．A．严肃的书面语体

B．词汇含义相对单一并且固定

D．趋向于使用多重复合结构 C．广泛使用被动语态

15．一般来说，在用词方面，〔 〕

A．汉语喜欢重复，英语也喜欢重复

B．汉语不怕重复，英语也不怕重复

C．英语不喜欢重复，汉语也不喜欢重复

D．英语不喜欢重复，汉语则不怕重复

PART TWO 〔70 POINTS〕

II. Word and Phrase Translation(20 points,1 point for each)

A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.

16．articles of association公司章程 〔仅译为“章程〞意义不精确，不能得分。〕

17．Telecommunications 电讯/电信

18．come into force 生效

19．poisonous chemicals 化学毒物/有毒化学物质

20．Vatican 梵蒂冈

21．the science of biotic control 生物操纵〔科〕学

22．academic exchanges 学术交流

23．weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器

24．Undermanned 人员缺乏

25．instrument of ratification 批准书

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评分标准]

英译汉词组翻译共10小题，每题1分，共10分。考生答案如与参考答案相符，给1分。考生如能以标准的汉语正确表达英语词组的意思〔例如第24题译为“人手不够〞，虽然与参考答案不完全相符，也可给1分，因为此题多为固定词组或专有词语，如果没有特别说明，其他与参考答案不相符的译文均不能得分。

B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.

26．诺贝尔奖获得者

Nobel Prize winner

27．奥运会

Olympic Games

28．北洋军阀政府

The Northern Warlord government

29．预算

budget

30．生产力

Productive forces / Productivity

31．御花园

The imperial garden

32．基金会

foundation

33．渔场

Fishing ground

34．振兴中华

Rejuvenation of China

35．人类文明的发祥地

The cradle of human civilization〔关键词为“cradle〞，没有译出就算错〕

评分标准]

汉译英词组翻译共10小题，每题1分，共10分。考生答案如与参考答案相符，给1分。考生如在大小写和单复数等方面与参考答案不完全相符，但词组主体局部正确〔例如第27题译为“olympic games〞 或“Olympic Games〞，〕酌情扣0.5分。因为此题多为固定词组或专有词语，如果没有特别说明，其他与参考答案不相符的译文均不得给分。

III．Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 points for each)

A．Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies.

Improve the given translations.

Example:

原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.

译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。

改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。

36．原文：I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year

Plan will address it effectively.

译文：我信任中国经济治理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年方案中会有效地提到考证素材

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它。

我信任中国经济治理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年方案中会有效地解决这个问题。〔考试重点：“address〞的理解和翻译。〕

37．原文：World War II was more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the

imperialist powers over the spoils of market, resources and territories.

译文：第二次世界大战比第一次世界大战更复杂，那是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场资源和领土的冲突。

第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界大战比第一次更复杂。〔考试重点：定语从句的翻译：倒置法〕

38．原文：Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750.

译文：到了1750年，进行了一场更大的空中运动。

然而，到了1750年，一场更大的运动已经在酝酿之中。〔考试重点：“in the air〞的理解和翻译。〕

39．原文：Byron’s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byron’s half-sister.

译文：拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同母异父的妹妹。

拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同母异父的姐姐〔考试重点：“half-sister〞及上下文的理解。〕

40．原文：It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not

believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.

译文：告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二是错误本身也是教育的一个重要方面。

告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二是犯错误本身也是教育的一个重要方面。〔考试重点：填词，对“mistaker〞和“education〞的翻译处理。〕

41．原文：Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to

the present era.

译文：我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色没有亏欠多少现在的时代。

我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。〔考试重点：对“owe….to〞的理解和处理。〕

B．Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies.

Improve the given translations.

Example:

原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。

译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.

改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

42．原文：我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最高境地是无技巧。

译文：I’ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is

artlessness.

I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can

artaion is artlessness. 〔考试重点：对“另一个地方〞的翻译，一般这种情况英文说“on another

occation〞〕

43．原文：凤霞从1966年被迫离开舞台，后来又因病不能登台，至今已经14年之久。

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译文：Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for 14 years she has not been

able to perform.

Science Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for fourteen years

she has not been able to perform. 〔考试重点：关联词，句首要用“science〞或在中间用“and〞连接〕

44．原文：合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照X外汇治理条例办理。

译文：The foreign exchange transactions of an equity joint venture shall observe the

regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China.

An equity joint venture shall handle its foreign exchange transactions in accordance

with the regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China. 〔考试重点：主谓搭配〕

45．原文：老年人有长处，但也有很大的弱点——老年人简单固执，因此老年人也要有点自觉性。

译文：Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they are easy to be stubborn, for

example—and they should be aware of that.

Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they trend to be stubborn, for

example—and they should be aware of that. (Also: be apt to/inclined to) 〔考试重点：“简单〞的译法〕

IV．Paragraph Translation(30 points)

A．Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.(15 points)

46.

China may well be the favorite whipping boy of manufacturers in the United States these

days. But in the developing world, the country is becoming the trading partner of choice, drawing

in airplanes from Brazil, soybeans from Argentina and seafood from Malaysia, boosting

economies and leading to new political alliances.

The growing appetite of the world’s most populous nation has made China a new source of

“China’s booming imports from developing countries—especially of commodities—are not

income for the developing economies of South America and Asia.

only helping growth in countries from Brazil to Africa, but are already reshaping international

trade relations,〞said Kenneth Rogoff, an economics professor at Harvard University.

Developed countries also are sending more goods to Chins, the world’s sixth-largest economy,

美国的制造商当前很可能最喜欢拿中国作出气筒，但在开展中国家里，中国却日益成为首选的贸易伙伴。中国从巴西进口飞机，从阿根廷进口大豆，从马来西亚进口海鲜，一方面促进各国经济的开展，一方面形成新的政治联盟。

中国这个世界上人口最多的国家，胃口越来越大，成了南美洲和亚洲开展中经济体的新财源。

哈佛大学经济学教授肯尼思。罗戈夫说道，“中国从开展中国家不断扩大进口，尤其是商品进口，这不仅促进了从巴西到非洲各国的开展，而且在改变着国际贸易关系的格局。〞

兴旺国家也把越来越多的货物销往中国。据国际货币基金组织称，中国202X年国内生产总值估量为1.334万亿美元，中国的经济在全世界占第六位。

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with an estimated $1.334 trillion gross domestic product in 202X, according to the IMF.

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评分标准]

英译汉局部，总分值为15分，包含分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。分句评价分的分值如下：全文共5句，第一句2分，第2至第5句，每句3分。

第1句，理解词义，关于〞whipping boy〞，译文“拿…作出气筒〞或“拿。。。撒气〞均可，假设理解错误则扣2分。

第2句，理解词义，“this country〞要用实称，译为“中国〞，否则意义不清楚，扣1分。“economies〞指“各国经济〞，假设只译为“经济〞有歧义，扣1分。

第3句，定语，“of the world’s most populous nation〞需译为主语，否则定语太长，扣1分。“growing〞可译为“appetite〞否则不顺，扣1分， “the developing economies〞假设译为“开展中国家〞，不算错。

第4句，短语译为分句，将“China’s booming imports….〞译为主谓结构，否则累赘，扣1分。说话者可以放在引语之后，不算错。

第5句，同位语需单在一起，IMF假设译不出，扣1分。

每句译文如有语病，还可酌情扣分，考生的分句评价分在12分〔含12分〕以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，汉语标准，则可给1分，如果理解根本正确，内容上根本忠实原文，表达比拟流畅，汉语根本标准，则可给0.5分.

B．Directions: Translate the following passage into English.(15 points)

47．

中国是一个开展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和爱护，把开展海洋事业作为国家开展战略，强化海洋综合治理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极开展海洋科学技术和教育。中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推动国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承当的义务，为全球海洋开发和爱护事业做出了积极奉献。

1998年是联合国确定的国际海洋年，中国政府愿借此时机介绍中国海洋事业的开展情况。

As a major developing country with a long coastline,China attaches great importance to marine

development and protection, and takes it ad the state’s development strategy. It is constantly

strengthening comprehensive marine technology and education pertaining to the oceans. China has

made positive contributions to international ocean development and protection by participating

positively in UN marine affairs, promoting country-to-country and regional cooperation and

conscientiously carrying out its obligations in this field.

The year 1998 has been designated by the United Nations as the International Ocean Year, and

on this occasion the Chinese Government would like to introduce the progress of China’s work in

this particular field to the world.

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