2014年4月英语专业四级真题完形填空及答案解析

2014年4月英语专业四级真题完形填空及答案解析

PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the

corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.

The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was

money and efficiency became (31)__ important. Although division of labour had been

(32)______ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,

(33)______ could now become fully realised. This specialisation of labour was in (34)______ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)______ the family was the means of

production, consumption and socialisation. (36)______ greater speed came a greater need for

industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)______ and

changed working life forever. (38)______ were the days when work was (39)______ by natural

forces: steam engines were servant(40)______ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen

and life became correspondingly more (41)______ . The clocking-on machine was (42)______

in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)______

twenty years later. (44)______ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable

harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)______ and predictable income, but long hours.

Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)______ was

reorganised to promote ever greater efficiency. The old (47)______ of St. Monday - when no

work was done – was gradually phased out and to (48)______ , work stopped around midday

on Saturday and did not resume (49)______ Monday morning. Anew division between "work"

and "leisure" emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the

development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)______ of music hall

entertainment for the new working classes.

31. A. surprisingly B. increasingly C. slowly D. obviously

32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived

33. A. it B. he C. these D. those

34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm

35. A. that B. what C. where D. which

36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For

37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful

38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed

39. A. defined B. dictated C. limited D. controlled

40. A. over B. on C. by D. to

41. A. controlled B. standard C. difficult D. dreadful

42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought

43. A. certain B. some C. these D. those

44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly

45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure

46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice

47. A. culture

48. A. repair

49. A. before

50. A. rise

B. behavior

B. compensate

B. after

B. increase

C. custom

C. mend

C. on

C. trend

D. habit

D. moderate

D. until

D. presence

答案：

singly 。Time was money and efficiency became increasingly important. 时间就是金钱，效率变得越来越重要。

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40.D to

41.B controlled

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完整原文：

The Victorians had become addicted to speed and, like all speed crazy kids, they wanted to go ever faster.

Time was money and efficiency became increasingly important. Although division of labour had

been conceived by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, it could now

become fully realised. This specialisation and - by implication - individualisation of labour was

in markedcontrast to the rural means of production, in which the family was the means of production,

consumption and socialisation.

With greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker.

Steam made this possible and changed working life forever. Gonewere the days when work was dictated by

natural forces: steam engines were servant toneither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life

became correspondingly morecontrolled. The clocking-on machine was onvented in 1885 and time and motion

studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only some twenty years later. But it was not all bad news.

Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided secure and predictable

income, but long hours.

Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working week was reorganised to promote

ever-greater efficiency. The old custom of St. Monday - when no work was done - was gradually phased out

and to compensate, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume until Monday morning. A

new division between 'work' and 'leisure' emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with

the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the rise of music hall entertainment for the

new working classes.