专业术语中英文对照

Two-stroke cycle 二冲程循环

Four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环

Diesel cycle 狄塞尔循环

Otto cycle 奥托循环

Mixed cycle 混合循环

Constant volume cycle 定容循环

Constant pressure cycle 等压循环

Working cycle 工作循环

Ideal cycle 理想循环

Thermodynamic cycle 热力循环

Stroke 冲程，行程

Piston stroke 活塞行程

Long stroke 长行程

Up stroke 上行程

Down stroke 下行程

Intake stroke 吸气行程

Charging stroke 充气行程

Compression stroke 压缩行程

Working stroke 工作行程

Explosion stroke 爆炸行程

Expansion stroke 膨胀行程

Power stroke 动力行程

Exhaust stroke 排气行程

Expansion-exchange stroke 膨胀-换气行程

Exchange-compression stroke 换气-压缩行程

Dead center 止点

Top dead center 上止点

Lower dead center 下止点

Before top dead center 上止点前

After top dead center 上止点后

Before bottom dead center 下止点前

After bottom dead center 下止点后

Cylinder bore 缸径

Bore and stroke 缸径与冲程

Air-cell 空气室

Cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙容积

Combustion chamber volume 燃烧室容积

Maximum cylinder volume 气缸最大容积

Compression chamber 压缩室

Displacement (swept volume) 排气量

Engine displacement 发动机排量

Piston displacement 活塞排量

Cylinder capacity 气缸容量

Single-chamber capacity 单室容量

Volumetry 容积法

Compression ratio 压缩比

Critical compression ratio 临界压缩比

Expansion ratio 膨胀比

Surface to volume ratio 面容比

Stroke-bore ratio 行程-缸径比

Mixture ratio 混合比

Compression pressure 压缩压力

Brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) 制动平均有效压力

Air fuel ratio 空燃比

Fuel air ratio 燃空比

Fuel equivalence ratio 燃料当量比

Torque 扭矩

Power per cylinder 单缸功率

Power per liter 升功率

Torque per liter 升扭矩

Mass per liter 升质量

Derating power 减额功率

Output power 输出功率

Gross power 总功率

Net power 净功率

Fuel consumption 燃油消耗量

Specific fuel consumption 比燃料消耗量

Air consumption 空气消耗量

Oil consumption 机油消耗量

Rated power 额定功率

Brake power 制动功率

Brake thermal efficiency 制动热效率

Indicted thermal efficiency 指示热效率

Overall efficiency 总效率

Smoke limiting power 排烟极限功率

Power curve 功率曲线

Mechanical loss 机械损失

Mechanical efficiency 机械效率

Effective thermal efficiency 有效热效率

Volumetric efficiency 容积效率

Excess air coefficient 过量空气系数

Adaptive coefficient 适应性系数

Torque adaptive coefficient 扭矩适应性系数

Speed adaptive coefficient 转速适应性系数

Intensification coefficient 强化系数

Correction factor 校正系数

Conversion factor 换算系数

Mean piston speed 活塞平均速度

Engine speed 发动机速度

Idling speed 怠速转速

Economic speed 经济转速

Starting speed 起动转速

Lowest continuous speed with load 最低稳定工作转速

Lowest idling temperature 发动机怠速转动最低温度

Maximum torque speed 最大转矩转速

Maximum noload governed speed 受控最高空转转速

Speed governing调速

Overspeed超速

Idling怠速

Speed fluctuation rate转速波动率

Working condition (operating condition)工况

Rated working condition额定工况

Variable working condition变工况

Steady working condition稳定工况

No –load空载

Full load 全负荷

Over load 超负荷

Part load 部分负荷

Charge 充量（进气）

Direction of rotation 旋转方向

Clockwise 顺时针

Anticlockwise 逆时针

Left-hand rotation 左转

Right-hand rotation 右转

Major diameter 外径

Pitch diameter 中径

Minor diameter 内径

Radial clearance 径向间隙

Engine performance 发动机性能

Loading performance 加载性能

Starting performance 起动性能

Acceleration performance 加速性能

Power performance 动力性能

Emission performance 排放性能

No load characteristics 空转特性

Partial throttle characteristics 负荷特性

Governor control characteristics 调速特性

Mapping characteristics 万有特性

Steady-state speed governing rate 稳定调速率

Working medium 工质

Practical cycle 实际循环

Firing order 点火次序

Timing 定时

Stroke-bore ratio 行程缸径比

Number of cylinders 气缸数

Piston area 活塞面积

Connecting rod length 连杆长度

Crank radius 曲柄半径

Crank radius-connecting rod length ratio 曲柄连杆比

Working medium volume 气缸体积

Piston swept volume 气缸工作体积

Effective piston swept volume 气缸有效工作体积

Cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙体积

Maximum cylinder volume 气缸最大体积

Effective cylinder volume 气缸有效体积

Engine swept volume 发动机排量

Engine cylinder volume 发动机气缸总体积

Clearance 余隙高度

Injector protrusion 喷嘴端伸出量

Intake process 进气过程

Intake temperature 进气温度

Intake pressure 进气压力

Natural aspiration 自然进气

Stratified charge 层状充气

Intake advance angle 进气提前角

Intake lag angle 进气迟后角

Intake duration angle 进气持续角

Intake swirl 进气涡流

Intake turbulence 进气紊流

Helical duct intake 螺旋进气道进气

Tangential duct intake 切向进气道进气

Masked inlet valve intake 导流屏进气

Time-area value 时面值

Valve lift 气阀升程

Scavenging port area 气阀开度

Gas exchange process 换气过程

Scavenging process 扫气过程

Scavenging duration 扫气持续期

Scavenging pressure 扫气压力

Uniflow scavenging 直流扫气

Loop scavenging 回流扫气

Cross scavenging 横流扫气

Crankcase scavenging 曲轴箱扫气

Scavenging by blower 扫气泵扫气

Piston underside pump scavenging 活塞底泵扫气

Exhaust-pulse scavenging 排气脉冲扫气

Coefficient of scavenging 扫气系数

Trapping efficiency 扫气利用系数

Scavenging efficiency 扫气效率

Coefficient of scavenging loss 扫气漏失系数

Delivery ratio 给气比

Valve timing 配气定时

Valve overlap 气阀重叠

Swirl rate 涡流比

Compression process 压缩过程

Compression pressure 压缩压力

Compression beginning pressure 压缩始点压力

Compression beginning temperature 压缩始点温度

Compression end pressure without combustion 压缩终点压力

Compression end temperature without combustion 压缩终点温度

Fuel injection starting compression pressure 喷油始点压缩压力

Ignition starting compression pressure 着火始点压缩压力

Ratio of pressure rise 压力升高比

Effective compression ratio 有效压缩比

Polytropic index of compression 压缩多变指数

Compression swirl 压缩涡流

Injection process 喷油过程

Direct injection 直接喷射

Indirect injection 间接喷射

Electronic-controlled injection 电控喷射

Fuel supply advance angle 供油提前角

Fuel injection advance angle 喷油提前角

Injection lag 喷油延迟角

Injection duration 喷油持续角

Nozzle hole area 喷孔面积

Total area of nozzle holes 喷孔总面积

Ratio of nozzle hole length-nozzle hole diameter 喷孔长径比

Nozzle hole cone 喷孔锥体

Nozzle hole cone angle 喷孔锥角

Needle lift 针阀升程

Sac volume 针阀压力室体积

Retraction volume of delivery valve 出油阀卸载体积

Injection pressure 喷油压力

Injection starting pressure 启喷压力

Injection peak pressure 喷油峰值压力

Inject back pressure 喷油背压

Spray 喷注

Spray penetration 喷注贯穿距离

Spray penetration curve 喷注贯穿规律

Spray penetration ratio 喷注贯穿率

Fuel delivery per cycle per cylinder 循环喷油量

Minimum fuel delivery per cycle per cylinder 最小循环喷油量

Fuel supply rate 供油率

Fuel injection rate 喷油率

Accumulated fuel delivery rate 累计喷油率

Fuel supply rate curve 供油规律

Fuel injection rate curve 喷油规律

Fuel delivery curve at constant speed 喷油泵负荷特性

Fuel delivery curve at fixed rack 喷油泵速度特性

Nozzle flow characteristic 喷嘴流通特性

Nozzle hydrokinetic characteristic 喷嘴液力特性

Spray characteristic 喷雾特性

Spray cone angle 喷雾锥角

Atomization 雾化

Sauter mean diameter (SMD) 索特平均直径

Abnormal injection 异常喷油

Secondary injection 二次喷油

Fluctuating injection 波动喷油

Intermittent injection 间断喷油

Disorder injection 不齐喷油

Nozzle dribbing 喷油滴漏

Mixture formation process 混合气形成过程

Mixture concentration 混合气浓度

Mixture ratio 混合比

Volumetric mixture ratio 体积混合比

Mole mixture ratio 摩尔混合比

Theoretical mixture ratio 理论混合比

Theoretical mixture gas 理论混合气

Film mixture 油膜混合

Combustible mixture 可燃混合气

Total air-fuel ratio 总空燃比

Total excess air ratio 总过量空气系数

Air untilization ratio 空气利用系数

Chamber mixture 雾化混合

Compound mixture 复合混合

Peripheral mixture 周边混合

Thermo-mixture effect 热混合效应

Thermo-hamper effect 热束缚效应

Micro swirl 微涡流

Combustion chamber 燃烧室

Divided combustion chamber 分开式燃烧室

Semi-open combustion chamber 半开式燃烧室

Open combustion chamber 开式燃烧室

Direct injection combustion chamber 直喷式燃烧室

Piston chamber 活塞顶内燃烧室

M-process chamber 球型燃烧室

Basin shaped combustion chamber 盆形燃烧室

Swirl combustion chamber 涡流燃烧室

Prechamber 预燃燃烧室

Pre-swirl combustion chamber 涡流预燃室

Heat-reserve combustion chamber 储能燃烧室

Main combustion chamber 主燃室

Subsidiary combustion chamber 副燃室

L-combustion chamber L形燃烧室

Wedge shaped combustion chamber 楔型燃烧室

Bathtub shaped combustion chamber 盆形燃烧室

Hemispherical combustion chamber 半球形燃烧室

Volume ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室体积比

Calibre ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室口径比

Surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室面容比

Area ratio of combustion chamber passage 燃烧室通道面积比

Ignition 着火

Ignition process 着火过程

Ignition temperature 着火温度

Compression ignition 压燃

Spark ignition 点燃

Cold flame 冷焰

Blue flame 蓝焰

Hot flame 热焰

Pre-flame reaction 焰前反应

Chain reaction 链反应

Pre-mixing combustion 预混合燃烧

Diffusion combustion 扩散燃烧

Lean mixture combustion 稀薄燃烧

Stratified combustion 层状燃烧

Ignition delay period 滞燃期

Rapid combustion period 速燃期

Main combustion period 主燃期

Normal combustion period 缓燃期

After combustion period 后燃期

Combustion duration 燃烧持续期

Heat release beginning 放热始点

Heat release end 放热终点

Duration of heat release 放热持续期

Combustion rate 燃烧率

Heat release rate 放热率

Heat release rate curve 放热规律

Heat utilization ratio 热量利用率

Spark advance angle 点火提前角

Spark lag 点火延迟

Pre-ignition 早燃

Surface ignition 热面点火

Miss-fire 失火

Back fire 回火

Flame propagation velocity 火焰传播速度

Detonation 爆燃

Squish area 挤气面积

Quench effect 冷激效应

Combustion swirl 燃烧涡流

Squish swirl 挤压涡流

Anti-squish swirl 反挤压涡流

Maximum combustion pressure 最高燃烧压力

Maximum combustion temperature 最高燃烧温度

Pressure rise rate 压力升高率

Alternative fuel 代用燃料

Emulsified fuel 乳化燃料

Main fuel 主燃料

Pilot-ignition fuel 引燃燃料

Basic fuel 基础燃料

Lower calorfic value of fuel 燃料低热值

Cetane number 十六烷值

Octane number 辛烷值

Antiknock quality index 抗爆指数

Antiknock sensitivity 抗爆敏感度

Antiknock quality 抗爆性

Polytropic index of expansion 膨胀多变指数

Coefficient of molecular change 分子变更系数

Initial exhaust 先期排气

Free exhaust 自由排气

Forced exhaust 强制排气

Supercritical exhaust 超临界排气

Subcritical exhaust 亚临界排气

Exhaust advance angle 排气提前角

Exhaust lag angle 排气迟后角

Exhaust duration 排气持续期

Exhaust pressure 排气压力

Exhaust back pressure 排气背压

Exhaust temperature 排气温度

Residual gas 残余废气

Coefficient of residual gas 残余废气系数

Exhaust purification 排气净化

Poisonous exhaust composition 排气有害万分

Emission 排放物

Concentration of emission 排放浓度

Emission rate 排放分数

Exhaust pollution 排气污染

Exhaust smoke 排气烟度

Soot 黑烟

Exhaust particulate 排气微粒

Exhaust gas recirculation 废气再循环

Indicated work 指示功

Indicated power 批示功率

Mean indicated pressure 平均指示压力

Indicated thermal efficiency 指示热效率

Indicated specific fuel consumption 指示油耗率

Indicated specific energy consumption 指示能耗率

Indicator diagram 示功图

Motoring indicator diagram 拖动示功图

Low pressure indicator diagram 低压示功图

Heat balance 热平衡

Exhaust heat loss 排气热损失

Cooling heat loss 冷却热损失

Remainder heat loss 余项热损失

Supercharging 增压

Supercharging level 增压度

Pressure ratio 增压比

Boost pressure 增压压力

Low pressure-charging 低增压

Medium pressure-charging 中增压

High pressure-charging 高增压

Super high pressure-charging 超高增压

Mechanical supercharging 机械增压

Turbo-charging 废气涡轮增压

Combined supercharging 复合增压

Pulse turbo-charging 脉冲增压

Constant-pressure turbo-charging 定压增压

Inertia supercharging 惯性增压

Intake fluctuation effect supercharging 气波增压器增压

Two stage supercharging 两级增压

pulse converter supercharging 脉冲转换增压

sequential turbocharging 相继涡轮增压

tuned intake supercharging 谐波增压

modular pulse converter supercharging 模件式脉冲转换增压

inter-cooling 增压中冷

inter-cooling level 中冷度

exhaust expansion ratio through turbine 涡轮膨胀比

equivalent area of turbine nozzle 涡轮当量喷嘴面积

surge 喘振

surge line 喘振线

supercharger speed 增压器转速

supercharger outlet temperature 增压器出口温度

starting speed 起动转速

declared speed 标称转速

idling speed 最低空载转速

maximum no-load speed 最高空载转速

lowest continues speed with load 最低工作稳定转速

economic speed 经济转速

speed at maximum torque 最大转矩转速

right-hand rotation 右转

left-hand rotation 左转

overspeed 超速

coefficient of speed reserve 转速储备系数

speed governing 调速

coefficient of speed fluctuation 转速波动率

maximum transient speed 最高瞬时转速

minimum transient speed 最低瞬时转速

speed recovery time 转速稳定时间

transient speed regulation 瞬时调速率

steady-state speed regulation 稳定调速率

hunting 游车

load 负荷

full load 全负荷

partial load 部分负荷

overload 超负荷

no-load 空载

working condition 工况

steady working condition 稳定工况

variable working condition 变工况

transient working condition 过渡工况

declared working condition 标定工况

economic working condition 经济工况

mechanical loss 机械损失功率

brake power 有效功率

declared power 标称功率

15-minute rated power 15 min功率

one hour rated power 1h功率

12-hour rated power 12h功率

continues power 持续功率

power per piston area 活塞面积功率

power per cylinder 单缸功率

power to bulk ratio 体积功率

economic power 经济功率

normal power 常用功率

maximum power 最大功率

gross power 总功率

net power 净功率

smoke limit power 冒烟极限功率

derating power 减额功率

power take-off 功率分支输出

power reserve 储备功率

adjusted power 修正功率

standard power 标准功率

coefficient of power reserve 功率储备系数

mechanical power 机械功率