新SAT官方指南阅读第十篇全解析

官网网站：________________________________________________________________新SAT官方指南阅读第十篇全解析ThispassageisadaptedfromGeoffreyGiller,“LongaMystery,How500-Meter-HighUnderseaWavesFormIsRevealed.”©otherlargewaves,theserollers,calledinternalwaves,d,theymoveunderwater,undetectablewietheirhiddennature,internalwavesarefundamentalpartsofoceanwater5dynamics,ycanreachstaggeringheights—ethesewavesareinvolvedinoceanmixingandthusthetransferofheat,understandingthemiscrucialtoglobalclimatemodeling,saysTomPeacock,delsfailtotakeinternalwavesintoaccount.“If10wewanttohavemoreandmoreaccurateclimatemodels,wehavetobeabletocaptureprocessessuchasthis,”tudy,publishedinNovemberinGeophysicalResearchLetters,focusedoninternalwavesgeneratedintheLuzonStrait,alwavesinthisregion,thoughttobesomeofthe15largestintheworld,canreachabout500metershigh.“That’sthesameheightastheFreedomTowerthat’sjustbeenbuiltinNewYork,”Peacocksays.1

官网网站：________________________________________________________________AlthoughscientistsknewofthisphenomenonintheSouthChinaSeaandbeyond,theydidn’out,dsHoleOceanographicInstitutionworkedwithFrance’sNationalCenterfor20Scieatingplatform,about15meters(49.2feet)indiameter,turnsatvariablespeedsandcansimulateEarth’haswalls,whichmeansscientistscanfillitwithwaterandcreateaccurate,kandhisteambuiltacarbon-fiberresinscalemodeloftheLuzonStrait,eyfilledtheplatformwithwaterofvaryingsalinitytoreplicatethedifferentdensitiesfoundatthestrait,withdenser,saltierwaterbelowandlighter,articleswereaddedtothesolutionay,theyre-createdtidesusingtwolargeplungerstoseehowtheinternalwavesthemselvesformed.30TheLuzonStrait’sunderwatertopography,withadistinctdouble-ridgeshape,iderisesandfallsandwatermovesthroughthestrait,colder,denserwaterispushedupovertheridgesintowarmer,tionresultsinbewavesmovetowardland,theybecomesteeper—muchthesameway35wavesatthebeachbecometallerbeforetheyhittheshore—earcherswerealsoabletodeviseamasthemodelisspecifictotheLuzonStrait,itcanstillhelpresearchersunderstandhowinternalwavesaregeneratedinotherplacesaroundtheworld.2

官网网站：________________________________________________________________Eventually,thisinformationwillbeincorporatedintoglobalclimatemodels,makingthemmore40accurate.“It’sveryclear,withinthecontextofthese[globalclimate]models,thatinternalwavesplayaroleindrivingoceancirculations,”Peacocksays.3

官网网站：________________________________________________________________stparagraphservesmainlytoA)explainhowascientificdeviceisused.B)noteacommonmisconceptionaboutanevent.C)describeanaturalphenomenonandaddressitsimportance.D)presentarecentstudyandsummarizeitsfindings.正确答案：C分析：文章第一个段落，作者介绍了一种现象叫内部波浪（internalwaves）,而且解释了它们为什么重要。inline11,“capture”isclosestinmeaningtoA)control.B)record.C)secure.D)absorb.正确答案：B分析：文章当中，研究者TomPeacock认为，为了创造准确的全球气候模型，科学家必须有能力记录内部波浪的形成过程。Capture在这是记录的意思。ingtoPeacock,theabilitytomonitorinternalwavesissignificantprimarilybecauseA)itwillallowscientiststoverifythemaximumheightofsuchwaves.B)itwillallowresearcherstoshifttheirfocustoimprovingthequalityofsatelliteimages.4

官网网站：________________________________________________________________C)thestudyofwavepatternswillenableregionstopredictandpreventcoastaldamage.D)thestudyofsuchwaveswillinformthedevelopmentofkeyscientificmodels.正确答案：D分析：文章中，TomPeacock认为科学家需要记录内部波浪形成过程可以发展更加准确的气候模型。hoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?A)Line1(“see”)B)Lines2-4(“quipment”)C)Lines9-11(“If...this”)D)Lines14-15(“high”)正确答案：C分析：见45题解释。inline36,“devise”mostnearlymeansA)create.B)solve.C)imagine.D)begin.正确答案：A分析：在35-37行，作者提到TomPeacock和他的团队能够创造（devise）一种数学模型，这种数学模型可以描述内部波浪的形成和运动。ninformationinthepassage,itcanreasonablybeinferredthatallinternalwavesA)reachapproximatelythesameheighteventhoughthelocationsanddepthsofcontinentalshelvesvary.B)maybecausedbysimilarfactorsbutareinfluencedbythedistincttopographiesofdifferentregions.C)canbetracedtoinconsistenciesinthetidalpatternsofdeepoceanwaterlocatednearislands.D)aregeneratedbythemovementofdensewateroverarelativelyflatsectionoftheoceanfloor.正确答案：B5

官网网站：________________________________________________________________分析：TomPeacock和他的团队创造了“LuzonStrait海底地势”模型，并且指出显著的双峰形状促进了内部波浪的形成（distinctdouble-ridgeshape…isresponsibleforgeneratingtheunderwaterwaves.）。作者又说，这个模型虽然只描述了LuzonStrait地区的内部波浪，但是团队发现这个模型也可以解释其他地区的内部波浪形成原理。通过以上分析，我们可以得知，内部波浪的形成会受到该地区的地势影响，但是其他地区的内部波浪也会由一些相似的因素形成。hoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?A)Lines17-18(“formed”)B)Lines31-33(“it”)C)Lines34-35(“shelf”)D)Lines37-38(“world”)正确答案：D分析：见第48题解释。raph,whichisothermdisplaysanincreaseindepthbelowthesurfaceduringtheperiod19:12to20:24?A)9°CB)10°CC)11°CD)13°C正确答案：D分析：在19：12到20：24分之间，图表显示13摄氏度等温线从20米提高到40米。onceptissupportedbythepassageandbytheinformationinthegraph?A)Internalwavescausewaterofvaryingsalinitytomix.B)Internalwavespushdenserwaterabovelayersoflessdensewater.C)Internalwavespushbandsofcoldwaterabovebandsofwarmerwater.D)Internalwavesdonotrisetobreaktheocean’ssurface.正确答案：D分析：文章2-4行，作者提到内部波浪从不突破海平面，而是在水下运动（moveunderwater,undetectablewithouttheuseofsatelliteimageryorsophisticatedmonitoringequipment）.图表中也能看到内部波浪的等温线从没有到达海洋表面（深度没有到达0）。6

官网网站：________________________________________________________________sthegraphsupporttheauthor’spointthatinternalwavesaffectoceanwaterdynamics?A)Itdemonstratesthatwavemovementforceswarmerwaterdowntodepthsthattypicallyarecolder.B)Itrevealsthedegreetowhichaninternalwaveaffectsthedensityofdeeplayersofcoldwater.C)Itillustratesthechangeinsurfacetemperaturethattakesplaceduringanisolatedseriesofdeepwaves.D)Itshowsthatmultiplewavesrisingnearthesurfaceoftheoceandisrupttheflowofnormaltides.正确答案：A分析：文章5-6行，作者提到内部波浪可以将热量带到海洋底部，把海洋底部的冷水带到海洋表面（transferheattooceandepthsandbringupcoldwaterfrombelow）.图表确实印证了这一点，例如：在13：12时，10、11、13摄氏度的等温线都延伸到底部原本温度更低的地方，说明内部波浪将热量带到了海洋底部。7