英语发音规律表

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

在开音节中

a

在闭音节中

在开音节中

e

在闭音节中

在开音节中

i

在闭音节中

在开音节中

o

在闭音节中

在开音节中

u

在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

[ɔ:]

[ju:]

clock not box shop sock

student excuse duty Tuesday

[i]

读 音

[ei]

[æ]

[i:]

[e]

[ai]

例 词

name plane Jane baby cake

bag dad hat map black back

he these me Chinese

bed let pen desk yes egg

bike fly drive time nice kite

fish big drink sit milk swim

those close go hoe home no

[ou]

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如：June blue

ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

在[w]音后面

a

在f n sk ph sp ss st

th前

i

在-nd -ld和gh前

读 音

[ɔ:]

例 词

want what watch wash quality

after plant graph ask grasp glass

fast father

find child light high

[α:]

[ai]

在-st -ld前

o

在m n v th前

[ou]

[∧]

most postcard old cold

come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读 音

[ә]

a

[i]

例 词

China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

holiday beautiful family animal

Onion clinic baby period

exercise satellite

second tonight somebody welcome

also zero photo

autumn difficult

popular congratulation January

[ә]

e

[i]

[ә]

i/y

[j/i/i:]

[ai]

[ә]

o

[әƱ]

[ә]

u

[ju:]

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如：operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如：July influence

February issue

在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[ә]音,也可以读作音

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组 读 音

[α:]

ar在[w]音后面

[ɔ:]

[ɔ:]

or在[w]音后面

[ɜ:]

[ә:]

warm quarter towards

forty morning short

word worker worse

certainly bird Thursday

例 词

car farm dark sharpener

er ir ur

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ә]音,例如：dollar teacher martyr forget

Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

are

ere

ire

ore

ure

读 音

[eә]

[iә]

[aiә]

[ɔ:]

[juә]

例 词

care dare hare

here mere

fire hire wire

more score before

pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如：picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.例如：orange very American

paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

ai/ay

air

读 音

[ei]

[eә]

[ɔ:]

al在f m前

[ɔ:l]

[α:]

au/aw

[ɔ:]

[i:]

[e]

ea

[ei]

[iә]

[iә]

ear [eә]

[ɜ:]

ee [i:]

break great

Idea real theatre

hear dear near clear year

bear pear wear swear

earth learn early

jeep week green three

例 词

afraid rain wait day play

air hair chair pair repair

small ball talk wall all

always also salt almost

half calm

autumn daughter draw

teach easy cheap please

heavy bread sweater weather

eer [iә]

[ei]

pioneer deer beer

eight neighbour they

either key

new few newspaper

flew brew jewelry

piece field receive

coat Joan boat goal

roar board door floor

noise point boy toilet

broom food tooth school

book look cook foot good

flower house count down

know row throw though

young country enough

group you soup

course your four

our hour ours

journey

fluid suicide tuition

juice fruit suit

ei/ey

[i:]

[ju:]

eu/ew在j l r s后

[u:]

ie/ei[s]音之后

oa

oar/oor

oi/oy

[i:]

[ou]

[ɔ:]

[ɔi]

[u:]

oo

[Ʊ]

[au]

[ou]

ou/ow

[∧]

[u:]

[ɔ:]

our [auә]

[ә:]

[ju:i]

ui在j l r s后

[u:]

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

ai/ay ei/ey

-cail –sian -tian

-cian –sian -tian

-cient -tient

-cious –scious tious

-cia -sia -tia

-sion –tion cion

-sion在元音字母后

-tion在s后

-sten

-stle

-sure

-ture

读 音

例 词

Sunday foreign monkey

facial controversial spatial

Musician Russian Egyptian

Efficient sentient patient

Delicious conscious infectious

Judiciary Asia Russia militia

impression nation suspicion

vision decision occasion

question suggestion

listen

whistle

pleasure measure

picture culture

[i]

[ʃәl]

[ʃәn]

[ʃәnt]

[ʃәs]

[ʃә]

[ʃәn]

[Ʒәn]

[tʃәn]

[sn]

[sl]

[Ʒә]

[tʃә]

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ә]音或.例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit

coffee

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.

其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[ә] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[ɔ:] ＞

cupboard[ә] 碗柜

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组 读 音

[b]

b

[/]

[k]

cc在e前或在i/y前

[s]

[tʃ]

ch [k]

[ʃ]

-ck

d

-dge

dr-

f

[k]

[d]

[dƷ]

[dr]

[f]

[^]

gg在e i/y前

[dƷ] orange large German

face decide cinema

much chick rich teacher

school headache chemistry

machine

cock pocket black knock

doctor bread hand day

bridge fridge

children driver drink

five four breakfast

bag garden go

bomb tomb

cake picture coat music

例 词

bike bus bag

[f]

gh

[/]

[ge]

gu- -gue在非重读音节中

[ȵw]

[h]

h

[/]

j

k

kn-

l

m

-mn

[dƷ]

[k]

[n]

[l]

[m]

[m]

[n]

n在[k] [g]音前

[ȵ]

[ȵ]

[p]

[f]

[k]

[kw]

[r]

[s]

[z]

cough enough

light daughter high

guess league dialogue

language anguish

hot head house hand

hour honest

jeep jar joke join July

kind bike skate make week

knife know knock

life milk school tall

monkey come autumn

autumn column solemn

not shine ten note

uncle thank hungry

morning young wrong

paper plane pig ship pen

elephant photo telephone

Iraq

quality quite

red rubber ruler

sit sleep desk

music husband

-ng

p

ph

q

qu-

r

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前

[sk]

sc-

[s]

sh

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前

tch

th在通常情况下在冠词

代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中

tr-

v

[T]

[ʃ]

[t]

[tʃ]

[tʃ]

[θ]

scarlet

muscle science

she fish shirt wash

ten letter meet

patient nation

watch

thin thirty method

the these with than clothe father

weather

tree train country truck

very voice love leave

week win wake sweet wait

Answer two

what when white why

who whose whole

box text exercise

example exist exact

write

yes yard yellow young

puzzle zero zoo

[tr]

[v]

[w]

w

[/]

[w]

wh-在字母o前

[h]

[ks]

x在重读元音前

[gz]

wr-

y-

z

[r]

[j]

[z]