力学,流体力学,固体力学词汇英语翻译

力学,流体力学,固体力学词汇英语翻译

力学，流体力学，固体力学英语词汇翻译

牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics

经典力学classical mechanics

静力学statics

运动学kinematics

动力学dynamics

动理学kinetics

宏观力学macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics

细观力学mesomechanics

微观力学microscopic mechanics,micromechanics

一般力学general mechanics

固体力学solid mechanics

流体力学fluid mechanics

理论力学theoretical mechanics

应用力学applied mechanics

工程力学engineering mechanics

实验力学experimental mechanics

计算力学computational mechanics

理性力学rational mechanics

物理力学physical mechanics

地球动力学geodynamics

力force

作用点point of action

作用线line of action

力系system of forces

力系的简化reduction of force system

等效力系equivalent force system

刚体rigid body

力的可传性transmissibility of force

平行四边形定则parallelogram rule

力三角形force triangle

力多边形force polygon

零力系null-force system

平衡equilibrium

力的平衡equilibrium of forces

平衡条件equilibrium condition

平衡位置equilibrium position

平衡态equilibrium state

分析力学analytical mechanics

拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier

拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian

拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket

循环坐标cyclic coordinate

循环积分cyclic integral

哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian

哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function

正则方程canonical equation

正则摄动canonical perturbation

正则变换canonical transformation

正则变量canonical variable

哈密顿原理Hamilton principle

作用量积分action integral

哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量action-angle variables

阿佩尔方程Appell equation

劳斯方程Routh equation

拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function

诺特定理Noether theorem

泊松括号poisson bracket

边界积分法boundary integral method

并矢dyad

运动稳定性stability of motion

轨道稳定性orbital stability

李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function

渐近稳定性asymptotic stability

结构稳定性structural stability

久期不稳定性secular instability

弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem

倾覆力矩capsizing moment

自由振动free vibration

固有振动natural vibration

暂态transient state

环境振动ambient vibration

反共振anti-resonance

衰减attenuation

库仑阻尼Coulomb damping

同相分量in-phase component

非同相分量out-of-phase component

超调量overshoot

参量[激励]振动parametric vibration

模糊振动fuzzy vibration

临界转速critical speed of rotation

阻尼器damper

半峰宽度half-peak width

集总参量系统lumped parameter system

相平面法phase plane method

相轨迹phase trajectory

等倾线法isocline method

跳跃现象jump phenomenon

负阻尼negative damping

达芬方程Duffing equation

希尔方程Hill equation

KBM方法KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii

method 马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation

平均法averaging method

组合音调combination tone

解谐detuning

耗散函数dissipative function

硬激励hard excitation

硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring

谐波平衡法harmonic balance method

久期项secular term

自激振动self-excited vibration

分界线separatrix

亚谐波subharmonic

软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring

软激励soft excitation

邓克利公式Dunkerley formula

瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem

分布参量系统distributed parameter system

优势频率dominant frequency

模态分析modal analysis

固有模态natural mode of vibration

同步synchronization

超谐波ultraharmonic

范德波尔方程van der pol equation

频谱frequency spectrum

基频fundamental frequency

WKB方法WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method

缓冲器buffer

风激振动aeolian vibration

嗡鸣buzz

倒谱cepstrum

颤动chatter

蛇行hunting

阻抗匹配impedance matching

机械导纳mechanical admittance

机械效率mechanical efficiency

机械阻抗mechanical impedance

随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration

隔振vibration isolation

减振vibration reduction

应力过冲stress overshoot

喘振surge

摆振shimmy

起伏运动phugoid motion

起伏振荡phugoid oscillation

驰振galloping

陀螺动力学gyrodynamics

陀螺摆gyropendulum

陀螺平台gyroplatform

陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque

陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer

陀螺体gyrostat

惯性导航inertial guidance

姿态角attitude angle

方位角azimuthal angle

舒勒周期Schuler period

机器人动力学robot dynamics

多体系统multibody system

多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system

机动性maneuverability

凯恩方法Kane method

转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics

转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system 静平衡static balancing

动平衡dynamic balancing

静不平衡static unbalance

动不平衡dynamic unbalance

现场平衡field balancing

不平衡unbalance

不平衡量unbalance

互耦力cross force

挠性转子flexible rotor

分频进动fractional frequency precession

半频进动half frequency precession

油膜振荡oil whip

转子临界转速rotor critical speed

自动定心self-alignment

亚临界转速subcritical speed

涡动whirl

连续过程continuous process

碰撞截面collision cross section

通用气体常数conventional gas constant

燃烧不稳定性combustion instability

稀释度dilution

完全离解complete dissociation

火焰传播flame propagation

组份constituent

碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate

燃烧理论combustion theory

浓度梯度concentration gradient

阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion

火焰速度flame speed

火焰驻定flame stabilization

火焰结构flame structure

着火ignition

湍流火焰turbulent flame

层流火焰laminar flame

燃烧带burning zone

渗流flow in porous media, seepage

达西定律Darcy law

赫尔-肖流Hele-Shaw flow

毛[细]管流capillary flow

过滤filtration

爪进fingering

不互溶驱替immiscible displacement

不互溶流体immiscible fluid

互溶驱替miscible displacement

互溶流体miscible fluid

迁移率mobility

流度比mobility ratio

渗透率permeability

孔隙度porosity

多孔介质porous medium

比面specific surface

迂曲度tortuosity

空隙void

空隙分数void fraction

注水water flooding

可湿性wettability

地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学physical oceanography

大气环流atmospheric circulation

海洋环流ocean circulation

海洋流ocean current

旋转流rotating flow

平流advection

埃克曼流Ekman flow

埃克曼边界层Ekman boundary layer

大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer

大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-ocean interaction

埃克曼数Ekman number

罗斯贝数Rossby unmber

罗斯贝波Rossby wave

斜压性baroclinicity

正压性barotropy

内磨擦internal friction

海洋波ocean wave

盐度salinity

环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics

斯托克斯流Stokes flow

羽流plume

理查森数Richardson number

污染源pollutant source

污染物扩散pollutant diffusion

噪声noise

噪声级noise level

噪声污染noise pollution

排放物effulent

工业流体力学industrical fluid mechanics

流控技术fluidics

轴向流axial flow

并向流co-current flow

对向流counter current flow

横向流cross flow

螺旋流spiral flow

旋拧流swirling flow

滞后流after flow

混合层mixing layer

抖振buffeting

风压wind pressure

附壁效应wall attachment effect, Coanda effect

简约频率reduced frequency

爆炸力学mechanics of explosion

终点弹道学terminal ballistics

动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium

热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability

空中爆炸explosion in air

地下爆炸underground explosion

水下爆炸underwater explosion

电爆炸discharge-induced explosion

激光爆炸laser-induced explosion

核爆炸nuclear explosion

点爆炸point-source explosion

殉爆sympathatic detonation

强爆炸intense explosion

粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation 聚爆implosion

起爆initiation of explosion

爆破blasting

霍普金森杆Hopkinson bar

电炮electric gun

电磁炮electromagnetic gun

爆炸洞explosion chamber

轻气炮light gas gun

马赫反射Mach reflection

基浪base surge

成坑cratering

能量沉积energy deposition

爆心explosion center

爆炸当量explosion equivalent

火球fire ball

爆高height of burst

蘑菇云mushroom

侵彻penetration

规则反射regular reflection

崩落spallation

应变率史strain rate history

流变学rheology

聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers

挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell

无管虹吸tubeless siphon

剪胀效应dilatancy effect

孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠shear

thickening

剪切致稀shear thinning

触变性thixotropy

反触变性anti-thixotropy

超塑性superplasticity

粘弹塑性材料viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料anelastic

material

本构关系constitutive relation

麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model

沃伊特-开尔文模型Voigt-Kelvin model

宾厄姆模型Bingham model

奥伊洛特模型Oldroyd model

幂律模型power law model

应力松驰stress relaxation

应变史strain history

应力史stress history

记忆函数memory function

衰退记忆fading memory

应力增长stress growing

粘度函数voscosity function

相对粘度relative viscosity

复态粘度complex viscosity

拉伸粘度elongational viscosity

拉伸流动elongational flow

第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference

第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference 德博拉数Deborah number

魏森贝格数Weissenberg number

动态模量dynamic modulus

振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow

宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics

等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics

电离气体ionized gas

行星边界层planetary boundary layer

阿尔文波Alfven wave

泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow

哈特曼数Hartman number

生物流变学biorheology

生物流体biofluid

生物屈服点bioyield point

生物屈服应力bioyield stress

电气体力学electro-gas dynamics

铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics

血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology

血液动力学hemodynamics

磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics

磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, MHD

磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave

磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow

磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学biomechanics

生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics

生物固体力学biological solid mechanics

宾厄姆塑性流Bingham plastic flow

开尔文体Kelvin body

沃伊特体Voigt body

可贴变形applicable deformation

可贴曲面applicable surface

边界润滑boundary lubrication

液膜润滑fluid film lubrication

向心收缩功concentric work

离心收缩功eccentric work

关节反作用力joint reaction force

微循环力学microcyclic mechanics

微纤维microfibril

渗透性permeability

生理横截面积physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学agrobiomechanics

纤维度fibrousness

硬皮度rustiness

胶粘度gumminess

粘稠度stickiness

嫩度tenderness

渗透流osmotic flow

易位流translocation flow

蒸腾流transpirational flow

过滤阻力filtration resistance

压扁wafering

风雪流snow-driving wind

停滞堆积accretion

遇阻堆积encroachment

沙漠地面desert floor

流沙固定fixation of shifting sand

流动阈值fluid threshold

连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media 介质medium

流体质点fluid particle

无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid

连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis

流体运动学fluid kinematics

水静力学hydrostatics

液体静力学hydrostatics

支配方程governing equation

伯努利方程Bernoulli equation

伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem

毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law

欧拉方程Euler equation

亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem

开尔文定理Kelvin theorem

涡片vortex sheet

库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution

达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox

雷诺数Reynolds number

施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number

随体导数material derivative

不可压缩流体incompressible fluid

质量守恒conservation of mass

动量守恒conservation of momentum

能量守恒conservation of energy

动量方程momentum equation

能量方程energy equation

控制体积control volume

液体静压hydrostatic pressure

涡量拟能enstrophy

压差differential pressure

流[动] flow

流线stream line

流面stream surface

流管stream tube

迹线path, path line

流场flow field

流态flow regime

流动参量flow parameter

流量flow rate, flow discharge

涡旋vortex

涡量vorticity

涡丝vortex filament

涡线vortex line

涡面vortex surface

涡层vortex layer

涡环vortex ring

涡对vortex pair

涡管vortex tube

涡街vortex street

卡门涡街Karman vortex street

马蹄涡horseshoe vortex

对流涡胞convective cell

卷筒涡胞roll cell

涡eddy

涡粘性eddy viscosity

环流circulation

环量circulation

速度环量velocity circulation

偶极子doublet, dipole

驻点stagnation point

总压[力] total pressure

总压头total head

静压头static head

总焓total enthalpy

能量输运energy transport

速度剖面velocity profile

库埃特流Couette flow

单相流single phase flow

单组份流single-component flow

均匀流uniform flow

非均匀流nonuniform flow

二维流two-dimensional flow

三维流three-dimensional flow

准定常流quasi-steady flow

非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow

周期流periodic flow

振荡流oscillatory flow

分层流stratified flow

无旋流irrotational flow

有旋流rotational flow

轴对称流axisymmetric flow

不可压缩性incompressibility

不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow

浮体floating body

定倾中心metacenter

阻力drag, resistance

减阻drag reduction

表面力surface force

表面张力surface tension

毛细[管]作用capillarity

来流incoming flow

自由流free stream

自由流线free stream line

外流external flow

进口entrance, inlet

出口exit, outlet

扰动disturbance, perturbation

分布distribution

传播propagation

色散dispersion

弥散dispersion

附加质量added mass ,associated mass 收缩contraction

镜象法image method

无量纲参数dimensionless parameter

几何相似geometric similarity

运动相似kinematic similarity

动力相似[性] dynamic similarity

平面流plane flow

势potential

势流potential flow

速度势velocity potential

复势complex potential

复速度complex velocity

流函数stream function

源source

汇sink

速度[水]头velocity head

拐角流corner flow

空泡流cavity flow

超空泡supercavity

超空泡流supercavity flow

空气动力学aerodynamics

低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics

亚声速流[动] subsonic flow

跨声速流[动] transonic flow

超声速流[动] supersonic flow

锥形流conical flow

楔流wedge flow

叶栅流cascade flow

非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow

细长体slender body

细长度slenderness

钝头体bluff body

钝体blunt body

翼型airfoil

翼弦chord

薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory

构型configuration

后缘trailing edge

迎角angle of attack

失速stall

脱体激波detached shock wave

波阻wave drag

诱导阻力induced drag

诱导速度induced velocity

临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number

前缘涡leading edge vortex

附着涡bound vortex

约束涡confined vortex

气动中心aerodynamic center

气动力aerodynamic force

气动噪声aerodynamic noise

气动加热aerodynamic heating

离解dissociation

地面效应ground effect

气体动力学gas dynamics

稀疏波rarefaction wave

热状态方程thermal equation of state

喷管Nozzle

普朗特-迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow

瑞利流Rayleigh flow

可压缩流[动] compressible flow

可压缩流体compressible fluid

绝热流adiabatic flow

非绝热流diabatic flow

未扰动流undisturbed flow

等熵流isentropic flow

匀熵流homoentropic flow

兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程equation of state

量热状态方程caloric equation of state

完全气体perfect gas

拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle

马赫角Mach angle

马赫锥Mach cone

马赫线Mach line

马赫数Mach number

马赫波Mach wave

当地马赫数local Mach number

冲击波shock wave

激波shock wave

正激波normal shock wave

斜激波oblique shock wave

头波bow wave

附体激波attached shock wave

激波阵面shock front

激波层shock layer

压缩波compression wave

反射reflection

折射refraction

散射scattering

衍射diffraction

绕射diffraction

出口压力exit pressure

超压[强] over pressure

反压back pressure

爆炸explosion

爆轰detonation

缓燃deflagration

水动力学hydrodynamics

液体动力学hydrodynamics

泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability

盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave

斯托克斯波Stokes wave

瑞利数Rayleigh number

自由面free surface

波速wave speed, wave velocity 波高wave height

波列wave train

波群wave group

波能wave energy

表面波surface wave

表面张力波capillary wave

规则波regular wave

不规则波irregular wave

浅水波shallow water wave

深水波deep water wave

重力波gravity wave

椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave

潮波tidal wave

涌波surge wave

破碎波breaking wave

船波ship wave

非线性波nonlinear wave

孤立子soliton

水动[力]噪声hydrodynamic noise 水击water hammer

空化cavitation

空化数cavitation number

空蚀cavitation damage

超空化流supercavitating flow

水翼hydrofoil

水力学hydraulics

洪水波flood wave

涟漪ripple

消能energy dissipation

海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics

谢齐公式Chezy formula

欧拉数Euler number

弗劳德数Froude number

水力半径hydraulic radius

水力坡度hvdraulic slope

高度水头elevating head

水头损失head loss

水位water level

水跃hydraulic jump

含水层aquifer

排水drainage

排放量discharge

壅水曲线back water curve

压[强水]头pressure head

过水断面flow cross-section

明槽流open channel flow

孔流orifice flow

无压流free surface flow

有压流pressure flow

缓流subcritical flow

急流supercritical flow

渐变流gradually varied flow

急变流rapidly varied flow

临界流critical flow

异重流density current, gravity flow

堰流weir flow

掺气流aerated flow

含沙流sediment-laden stream

降水曲线dropdown curve

沉积物sediment, deposit

沉[降堆]积sedimentation, deposition

沉降速度settling velocity

流动稳定性flow stability

不稳定性instability

奥尔-索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation

涡量方程vorticity equation

泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow

奥辛流Oseen flow

剪切流shear flow

粘性流[动] viscous flow

层流laminar flow

分离流separated flow

二次流secondary flow

近场流near field flow

远场流far field flow

滞止流stagnation flow

尾流wake [flow]

回流back flow

反流reverse flow

射流jet

自由射流free jet

管流pipe flow, tube flow

内流internal flow

拟序结构coherent structure 猝发过程bursting process

表观粘度apparent viscosity 运动粘性kinematic viscosity 动力粘性dynamic viscosity

泊poise

厘泊centipoise

厘沱centistoke

剪切层shear layer

次层sublayer

流动分离flow separation

层流分离laminar separation 湍流分离turbulent separation 分离点separation point

附着点attachment point

再附reattachment

再层流化relaminarization

起动涡starting vortex

驻涡standing vortex

涡旋破碎vortex breakdown

涡旋脱落vortex shedding

压[力]降pressure drop

压差阻力pressure drag

压力能pressure energy

型阻profile drag

滑移速度slip velocity

无滑移条件non-slip condition

壁剪应力skin friction, frictional drag

壁剪切速度friction velocity

磨擦损失friction loss

磨擦因子friction factor

耗散dissipation

滞后lag

相似性解similar solution

局域相似local similarity

气体润滑gas lubrication

液体动力润滑hydrodynamic lubrication

浆体slurry

泰勒数Taylor number

纳维-斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokes equation

Newtonian fluid

边界层理论boundary later theory

边界层方程boundary layer equation

边界层boundary layer

附面层boundary layer

层流边界层laminar boundary layer

湍流边界层turbulent boundary layer

温度边界层thermal boundary layer

边界层转捩boundary layer transition

边界层分离boundary layer separation

牛顿流体

边界层厚度boundary layer thickness

位移厚度displacement thickness

能量厚度energy thickness

焓厚度enthalpy thickness

注入injection

吸出suction

泰勒涡Taylor vortex

速度亏损律velocity defect law

形状因子shape factor

测速法anemometry

粘度测定法visco[si] metry

流动显示flow visualization

油烟显示oil smoke visualization

孔板流量计orifice meter

频率响应frequency response

油膜显示oil film visualization

阴影法shadow method

纹影法schlieren method

烟丝法smoke wire method

丝线法tuft method

氢泡法nydrogen bubble method

相似理论similarity theory

相似律similarity law

部分相似partial similarity

定理pi theorem, Buckingham theorem

静[态]校准static calibration

动态校准dynamic calibration

风洞wind tunnel

激波管shock tube

激波管风洞shock tube wind tunnel

水洞water tunnel

拖曳水池towing tank

旋臂水池rotating arm basin

扩散段diffuser

测压孔pressure tap

皮托管pitot tube

普雷斯顿管preston tube

斯坦顿管Stanton tube

文丘里管Venturi tube

U形管U-tube

压强计manometer

微压计micromanometer

多管压强计multiple manometer

静压管static [pressure]tube

流速计anemometer

风速管Pitot- static tube

激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler

velocimeter 热线流速计hot-wire anemometer

热膜流速计hot- film anemometer

流量计flow meter

粘度计visco[si] meter

涡量计vorticity meter

传感器transducer, sensor

压强传感器pressure transducer

热敏电阻thermistor

示踪物tracer

时间线time line

脉线streak line

尺度效应scale effect

壁效应wall effect

堵塞blockage

堵寒效应blockage effect

动态响应dynamic response

响应频率response frequency

底压base pressure

菲克定律Fick law

巴塞特力Basset force

埃克特数Eckert number

格拉斯霍夫数Grashof number

努塞特数Nusselt number

普朗特数prandtl number

雷诺比拟Reynolds analogy

施密特数schmidt number

斯坦顿数Stanton number

对流convection

自由对流natural convection, free convec-tion 强迫对流forced

convection

热对流heat convection

质量传递mass transfer

传质系数mass transfer coefficient

热量传递heat transfer

传热系数heat transfer coefficient

对流传热convective heat transfer

辐射传热radiative heat transfer

动量交换momentum transfer

能量传递energy transfer

传导conduction

热传导conductive heat transfer

热交换heat exchange

临界热通量critical heat flux

浓度concentration

扩散diffusion

扩散性diffusivity

扩散率diffusivity

扩散速度diffusion velocity

分子扩散molecular diffusion

沸腾boiling

蒸发evaporation

气化gasification

凝结condensation

成核nucleation

计算流体力学computational fluid mechanics 多重尺度问题multiple scale problem

伯格斯方程Burgers equation

对流扩散方程convection diffusion equation KDU方程KDV

equation

修正微分方程modified differential equation