安工大热能与动力工程专业英语编写组

dynamics热力学2.`combination结合，联合化合物on功能，作用tion引流tion传达ion放射isms机械icant有意义的nt坡度，梯度tionality比例性us积分学ansfer传热学with以…开始plesofthermodynamics热力学定律-transfer能量转换briumtemperature平衡温度therhand另一方面hange相变，换相tion另外20temperaturegradient温度梯度tionlityconstant比例常数lconductivity导热性dicular垂直的ty性质entative典型的uently从而ion混乱py焓安眠earea表面积tionheattransfer对流传热·slawofcooling牛顿冷却定律tionalityfactor比例因子tiesofthefluid流体的物性convection强迫对流owratio质量流量比etemperatures平均温度omagnetic电磁的-boltzmann斯蒂藩波尔兹曼e放射发光ve发射率ric几何的ure围住围栏omagneticradiation电磁辐射lradiation热辐射lreacter热反应堆-boltzmannlaw斯蒂藩波尔兹曼定律black黑烟末tion另外toaccount重视ctor角系数ody黑体ry边界y熵ble又浸透性的ental基础的，基本的tely完全地ed运动的cs动力学principle能量原理vationofenergy能量守恒eneration发电balance能量平衡cenergy动能edsystems孤立系统systems封闭系统te完全地sm生物体o经历ate驱散5..disorder杂乱结晶状的atical数学的al完整的质量的bkle可逆的ed被降级的ormed转换，使…变形tive汽车的stLawofthermodynamics热力学第一定律alenergy内能dynamicstate热力学状态larmotion分子运动pacity热容ine喷气机ty财产py焓copic肉眼可见rd标准ase大写字母盘brium平衡逃亡，溢出ndent中立的copicproperty宏观特性iveproperty广延性-state不变的-equilibrium准平衡dynamic-equilibrium热力平衡icvolume比容briumstate平衡态dynamic-ties温差电性2.

ne管道r硫像海绵的l永久的e榨多孔的气味d精炼的，优雅的eum石油tes幼发拉底河nt沉淀iferous石炭纪icient不足的ism机理e甲烷ediate中间物y化合价媒体，媒介ion感应ce连续e限制tration浓度l热的el相似的imately大概漩涡ate使蒸发t小滴cal球的，球形的ency缺乏ize将…粉碎al残余泥煤的y界限e包含ermic吸热tration集中ished已制定的les石油页岩e扩散urner加力燃烧室cy趋向m最小的our举止ine决定，确定imetric化学计量的nalysis奥萨特气体分析无价值的假定全部的ng傲慢的lence同等的，等价的tepressure绝对压力essure表压entialpressure压力落差真空ention根据惯例ntube布尔登管s波纹管agm隔膜tive电容的ance电感gauge应变仪lectric（物）压电的ilar不同的，相异的ingly有感染力敏感的on连接，会合处keffect塞贝克效应reffect珀耳帖效应thomsoneffect汤姆逊效应-linearity非线性9homogeneity同种，同质geneous不同类的可移动的ation牵连焊合ation口径测定ination玷污鞘，外壳sation补偿2.专业词汇翻译（20个）AnhuiUniversityofTechnology安徽工业大学SpecializedEnglishforThermalEnergyandPowerEngineering热能与动力工程专业英语ThermalEngineering热能工程Refrigeration&Cryogenics制冷与低温工程HeatTransfer传热学FluidDynamics流体力学EngineeringThermodynam工程热力学Heattransfer传热（学）principlesofthermodynamics热力学定律Energy-transfer能量转换equilibriumtemperature平衡温度Phasechange相变、换相temperaturegradient温度梯度Proportionalityconstant比例常数thermalconductivity导热性（系数）

Forcedconvection强迫对流naturalconvection自然对流Averagetemperatures平均温度massflowratio质量流量比（速率）Atrest安眠、长眠、静止surfacearea表面积Convectionheattransfer对流传热Newton’slawofcooling牛顿冷却定律Proportionalityfactor比例因子、比例系数heattransfercoefficient传热系数Stefan-Boltzmannlaw斯蒂藩玻尔兹曼定律incontrastto和……形成对比Viewfactor角系数thermalradiation热辐射Thermalreactor热反应堆carbonblack黑烟末Takeintoaccount重视、考虑kineticenergy动能Powergeneration发电isolatedsystems孤立系统Closedsystems封闭系统opensystem开口系统Thefirstlawofthermodynamics热力学第一定律internalenergy内能（热力学能）Heatcapacity热容thermodynamicstate热力学状态Macroscopicproperty宏观特性、宏观性质intensiveproperty广延性（质）、广度参数Quasi—equilibrium准平衡specificvolume比容Thermodynamicproperty热力学性质thermodynamicequilibrium热力平衡Absolutepressure绝对压力Gagepressure表压、计示压力Differentialpressure压力落差straingauge应变仪Seebeckeffect塞贝克效应Peltiereffect珀耳帖效应Airheater空气预热器downcomer下降管coalfiredboiler燃煤锅炉steamturbine汽轮机Airconditioning空气调节thermoelectricrefrigeration热电制冷Displaycase陈列柜、展示柜ultralowtemperature超低温小数，分数，百分数0.1:zeropointone10.35tenpointthreefive1/3athird1/8aeighth3/4three-fourths0.2%pointtwopercent幂（power）根（root）ycubethenthpowerofathecuberootofa数学运算符号A+BAplusBA*BAtimesBABAplusorminusBABAisnotequaltoBA>BAisgreaterthanBABAismuchgreaterthanB0.01pointzeroone1/2ahalf1/4onequarter2/3two-thirds3%threepercent5‰fivepelmillthecubeofythesquarerootofthreethenthrootofaA-BAminusBA/BAoverBA=BAequalstoBABAISapproximatelytoBA

ABAisgreaterthanorwqualtoBABAisproportiontoBSYMBOLANDFORMULA、、、ABAislessthanorequaltoBA:BatoB、、、∠AangleAAAprimeAAdoubleprimeAatripleprime、A1AsuboneB1Bprime,subonetheabsolutevalueofZthelogarithmofxwithbasennaturallogarithmAexponentialfunctionofxUdotN!nfactorialRe(Z)therealpartofzIm(z)theimaginarypartofzvectorA45forty-fivedegrees100onehundreddegreescentigrade52fifty-twodegreesfahrenheitF(x)thefunctionofXthelimitoff(x)asxapproachestoathefirstderivativeofywithrespectofxthenthderivativeofywithrespectofxtheintegraloff(x)withrespecttoxthedefiniteintegraloff(x)fromatobtheintegralofdyoverthesquarerootoutcsquareminusysquarea=aequalsvsubxminusvsubyalldividedbytthesummationofxsubI,whereIgoesfrom1tontheproductofxsubI,whereIgoesfrom1ton其他∵since;because∴thereforepositive（正号）negative（负号）化学式、方程式H2O读作H-two-ONa2SO4读作N-a-two-S-O-four1.例如,Mg(OH)2可有下面几种读法：(1)M-g-pause-O-H-pause-twice（2）M-g-openbracket-O-H-closebracket-twice(3)M-gO-H-inbrackets-twice在分子式中遇到圆括号往往可不读,而把前后括号用pause（停顿）表示；也可把它的前括号读成openbracket,后括号读成closebracket；或者先读括号里的符号后,再读inbrackets。2(PO4)3•2H2O可读成①C-a-two-pause-P-O-four-pause-three-times-dot-two-H-two-O;②calciumphosphatetwohydrate。•dot（分子式中的中圆点）,既有催化剂又有加热的三种表示方法：M-n-O-two-catalyst-with-heat;inthepresenceofamanganesedioxideasacatalystonheating;withamanganesedioxidecatalystundertheinfluenceofheat

（1）C6H12O6→2C2H5OH+2CO2C-six-H-twelve-O-sixyieldstwoC-two-H-five-O-HplustwoC-O-two（2）aA+bB→CamolesofAplusbmolesofByieldsC;aAplusbBformsC（3）Ag++Cl-→AgClA-g-positiveplusC-l-negativeyieldsA-g-C-l（4）CO32-+2H+→H2O+CO2C-O-three-two-negativeplustwoH-positiveyieldsH-two-OplusC-O-two简答题1.玻尔兹曼定律Thermodynamicconsiderationsshowthatanidealthermalradiator,orblackbody,willemitenergyataratepropotionaltothefourthpoweroftheabsolutetemperatureofthebodyanddirectlypropotionaltoitssurface,thusQemittid=σat42.热力学系统Athermodynamicsystemisthatpartoftheuniversethatisunderconsideration．Arealorimaginaryboundaryseparatesthesystemfromtherestoftheuniverse,lclassificationofthermodynamicsystemisbasedonthenatureoftheboundaryandtheflowofmatter,energyandentropythroughit.3.流体压力测量种类Pressuremeasurementscanbedividedintothreedifferentcatagories:absolutepressure,gagepressureanddifferentialpressure4.三．简答题heattransfer?Heattransferisthesciencethatseekstopredicttheenergytransferthatmathatisolatedsystem?Notexchangingheat,pleofanisolatedsystemwouldbeaninsulatedcontainer,theopensystem?exchangingenergy(heatandwork)remeasurementscanbedividedintothreedifferentcategories:absolutepressure,eterminethepressureinthebellow?ethemajorcomponentsintheboiler?thebasiswedesignandlocatethesuperheaters?superheatersandreheatersaredesignedinlinetubebundlesthatincreasethetemperatureofsaturatedsteam.

theuseofairheaters?akeyfunctioninprovrdlawofthermodynamicsisusuallystatedasadefinition:theentropyofaperfectcrystalofanelementattheabsolutezerooftemperatureiszero.义为：在绝对零度时一个元素的理想晶体的熵为0，10.玻尔兹曼定律:Thenetradiantexchangebetweentwosurfaceswillbeproportionaltothedifferenceinabsolutetemperaturestothefourthpower.四、段落翻译Combustionisachemicalreactite。0-+ntersacombustionchambernormallycontainssomewatervapor(ormoisture),燃烧是一种燃料被氧化和大量能量被释放的化学反应过程，进入燃烧池的气体通常会有一些水蒸气，这一点也是应该被考虑到的，在大多数的燃烧过程中，空气中的湿分和燃烧过程中产生的水都可以被视为惰性气体，例如氮气，在非常高的温度下，一些水蒸气会被分解成氢气和氧气同样会变成氢分子氧分子和氢氧根分子，当燃烧气体被冷却到水蒸气露点温度以下时，一些湿分被冷凝。预测露点温度是非常重要的，因为小液滴与二氧化硫分子结合在一起形成硫酸，硫酸有强腐蚀性。热力学第三定律经常被定