2021届新高考版高考英语小题优练冲刺训练(十四)(含答案解析)

2021新高考版高考英语小题优练冲刺训练（十四）

应用文阅读+记叙文阅读+说明文阅读+七选五阅读+语法填空

Passage A

A Calendar Listing of Cultural Events

THURSDAY

Gypsy Caravan with 30 musicians and dancers, this show traces the Roma (or gypsy)

migration from India to Western Europe. Representing dance traditions from India, Spain,

Romania, and Macedonia.

7:30 P. M. Sanders Theatre, Cambridge.

$20, $30, and $37.

Gal Costa World Music presents the Boston debut (首演）of Brazil’s tropicalismo superstar，

backed by Dari Caymmi and his Quintet.

8:00 P.M. Berklee Performance Centre, Boston.

$30, $35, and $40.

FRIDAY

Harvest Ball get out the black suit or fancy cocktail dress for a night of dancing to Mark

Morris and the Catunes. The dance is a benefit for the Dana Farber Cancer Institute.

8:00 P.M. Back Bay Hilton, Boston.

$ 40 in advance, $ 50 at door.

Noche Flamenca Spain’s flamboyant flamenco dance company returns to Boston.

8:00 P.M.

$20. $30, and $40.

SATURDAY

Berlin Phiharmonic Orchestra, the Celebrity Series opens its season with an all-Beethoven

program.

8 P.M. Symphony Hall, Boston.

$ 45 - $ 95.

MUSEUMS

Geometric Abstraction: Latin American Art 60 paintings, drawings, and sculptures, Fogg Art

Museum, Cambridge.

Sixth Annual Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition DeCordova Museum, Lincoln.

A Studio of Her Own：Women Artists in Boston 1870-1940 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Open every day except Monday.

Admission free

1. Where will you go if you want to dance?

A. Gypsy Caravan. B. Noche Flamenca. C. Harvest Ball. D. Gal Costa.

2. What do Gypsy Caravan and Noche Flamenca have in common?

A. The show time. B. Spanish dance. C. Music styles. D. The ticket prices.

3. You don’t have to pay if you .

A. go to see Latin American paintings

B. hear Berlin Phiharmonic Orchestra

C. watch the performance by the Brazilian singer

D. learn fine arts from the women artists in Boston

Passage B

People as far away as South Africa have called Melody Pugh in Washington help them

find a beloved family member. The country’s only licensed and bonded “pet detective”, this 58-

year-old former police officer is an expert on thinking like a dog or cat.

It all started in April 1998 when her beloved kitty, Norman, was stolen from the car after

arriving at the vet’s office. Pugh searched for Norman for 95 days, quitting her job because the

search became all-consuming, and during that time she found 27 other lost pets. That's when she

discovered she had a nose for finding clues — a paw print here, a broken spider web there.

While there are other pet finders, Pugh is the only person in the U. S. registered as a licensed

pet detective — and there's a big difference. “Pet finders may make posters and phone calls, but they

won't actively track your pet or get personally involved because they aren’t bonded and can’t afford

to get sued（起诉），”says Pugh, who has never been sued. She was able to obtain a Private

investigator's license from the State of Washington in 2001 because of her background in law

enforcement.

Pugh has returned more than 1,000 dogs and cats to their homes in almost every state

nationwide. Nearly two million companion animals are stolen each year, often right from their

owner's yard, and then sold to research laboratories, dog-fighting rings, or puppy mills.

1．What do we know about Melody Pugh from paragraph 1?

A．She is a caring vet.

C．She comes from South Africa.

B．She is good at finding pets.

D．She works as a police officer.

2．When did Pugh find her gift for finding clues?

A．After she lost 27 pets.

C．95 days before she found Norman.

B．The time she arrived at the vets.

D．When she was searching for her cat.

3．What's the difference between Pugh and other pet finders?

A．She tracks the lost pets.

C．She has never been accused.

4．Which of the following best describes Pugh?

A．Demanding.

C．Stubborn.

B．Devoted.

D．Tough.

B．She makes posters and phone calls.

D．She is a licensed pet investigator in the US.

Passage C

A human can’t easily enter another species’ social group to examine and influence what

makes the animals sick. But the right robot can open up a clever way in.

Scientists have developed a robotic “fish” called SoFi in the hope of getting closer to marine

life than ever before. The fish, which was developed by researchers at MIT’s Computer Science

and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, can independently swim alongside real fish in the ocean.

Fittingly, the robot has a fisheye lens (鱼眼镜头) on board that can take photos and videos of the

marine it sees. Robert Katzschmann, lead author of the study, said: “We are all in an aroused state

at the thought of the possibility of being able to use a system like this to get closer to marine life

than humans can get on their own.”

While most underwater robots are tied to boats, SoFi has a much simpler and lightweight

system that’s found in smartphones. To swim, the motor causes water to flow into two balloon-like

chamber in the fish’s tail. As one chamber (室) expands, it bends to one side, and then when the

motors push water to the other channel, that one bends in the otherdirection. Together, these

actions create a side-to-side motion, just like a real fish. The researchers hope that these realistic

movements will help to ensure the robot is as safe in its environment as possible.

Daniela Rus, who also worked on the study, said: “The robot is able to closely observe

marine life and appears not to be disturbing to real fish.” So far the robot has been tested in the

Rainbow Reef in Fiji, where it swims at depths of more than 50 feet for 40 minutes.

1. Why have scientists developed the robotic fish?

A. To get close to observe marine life.

B. To prove the progress in robot technology.

C. To make the field of marine life interesting.

D. To test the intelligence of fishes in the ocean.

2. How did Robert Katzschmann feel about their study of SoFi?

A. Curious. B. Excited. C. Nervous. D. Worried.

3. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?

A. Add more information to their study.

B. Convey the researchers’ satisfaction.

C. Compare different underwater robots.

D. Explain how the robotic fish works safely.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Robotic “Fish” that Can Record Marine Life in Detail

B. MIT’s Researchers who Have Developed Robotic Fish

C. Underwater robots that Influence Species in the Ocean

D. Rainbow Reef where the Robotic Fish Has Been Tested

Passage D

Politeness is the practical application of good manners, the goal of which is to make all of the

parties relaxed and comfortable. It's a flexible management of words and actions, by which we

make other people have a better opinion of us and themselves. It seeks to build a positive

relationship. 1． .

However, in the rush of daily life being polite is social behavior that we find rare nowadays.

2． . They don’t even take the time to look around. This has led to the loss of simple social rules

some might take for granted and that are particularly powerful.

3． , people become less and less attentive to others’ feelings, for human interaction (互动)

is almost lost. Take for instance the rudeness we tolerate when a person is looking at his phone

when talking to us.

Being polite is not just a simple social elegance. 4． . These days “Please” and “Thank

You” are forgotten. And not many people are aware that these two simple words can easily open or

close any door to us. Unfortunately, they often forget to say these words.

Hope is not lost. There are many ways we can improve our behavior to achieve skills in

politeness. There are simple things we can do to be considered as a polite and well-mannered

person.5． , they will respect you back. Just make a change in our behavior to start. Use simple

words like “Excuse me”, “Please”, and “Thank you” every day. Be kind to receive kindness. Care

and politeness will get you far in all aspects of life.

A．As technology progresses

B．People have become more self-absorbed

C．As long as you show your politeness for people

D．Since for many people being polite remains a challenge

E. Many languages have specific means to show politeness

F. It aims to respect a person’s need to be liked and understood

G. It’s also about being kind, caring and respectful to another person

Passage E

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1 (dish)is

seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 2 come to China cook much less than in their

own countries once they realize how cheap 3 can be to eat out. I still remember 4 (visit)a

friend who’d lived here for five years and I 5 (shock)when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in

all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to 6 (become)common for many young people in recent

years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be

7 (afford)but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 8 (high)cost on your

health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten

outside the home and the rise in 9 (weigh)problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your

mum’s home 10 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might

also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

参考答案：

A

1。根据Harvest Ball后面介绍的第一句话Get out the black suit or fancy cocktail dress for a

night of dancing to Mark Morris and the Catunes(穿上黑色西装或华丽的鸡尾酒会礼服，与马克·莫里斯和卡通斯一家共舞一晚)可知如果你想去跳舞，可以去Harvest Ball。故选C项。

2。根据文章关于周四的第一个活动Gypsy Caravan介绍中的Representing dance traditions

from India, Spain, Romania, and Macedonia.(代表来自印度、西班牙、罗马尼亚和马其顿的舞蹈传统。)以及关于Noche Flamenca介绍中的Spain’s flamboyant flamenco dance company

returns to Boston.(西班牙华丽的弗拉门戈舞团返回波士顿)可知这两项活动里面都有西班牙舞。故选B项。

3。根据文章最后一部分对MUSEUMS的介绍中的Admission free (免费入场)可知参观博物馆是免费的，所以如果你去看拉丁美洲的绘画，你不必付钱。故选A项。

B

1。根据第一段中的“People as far away as South Africa have called Melody Pugh in

Washington D. C. to help them find a beloved family member. The country’s only licensed and

bonded “pet detective”, this 58- year-old former police officer is an expert on thinking like a dog

or cat.”可知，Melody Pugh以前是一个警察，现在是这个国家唯一的有执照和有担保的“宠物侦探”，连远在南非的人们都给她打电话，请她帮助寻找自己的宠物。由此推知，她擅长寻找宠物。故选B。

2。根据第二段中的“Pugh searched for Norman for 95 days, quitting her job because the

search became all-consuming, and during that time she found 27 other lost pets. That's when she

discovered she had a nose for finding clues — a paw print here, a broken spider web there.”可知，她在寻找自己的猫咪的过程中找到了27只丢失的宠物，在这个过程中她发现了自己的天赋。故选D。

3。根据第三段中的“While there are other pet finders, Pugh is the only person in the U. S.

registered as a licensed pet detective — and there's a big difference”可知，她和其他的宠物寻找者的区别是她是唯一一位有执照的宠物侦探。故选D。

4。根据第三段中的“there's a big difference. Pet finders may make posters and phone calls,

but they won't actively track your pet or get personally involved”可知，Pugh和别的宠物寻找者有很大的区别。别的宠物搜寻者可能会张贴海报和打电话，但他们不会主动跟踪你的宠物或亲自参与。由此推知，Pugh会亲自参与，寻找宠物。因此，Pugh是一个非常有奉献精神的人。故选B。

C

1.。根据文章第二段内容Scientists have developed a robotic “fish” called SoFi in the hope

of getting closer to marine life than ever before.

科学家发明了一种名为SoFi的机器鱼，希望能比以往任何时候都更接近海洋生物。可知答案为A。

2。根据第二段内容We are all in an aroused state at the thought of the possibility of being

able to use a system like this to get closer to marine life than humans can get on their own.一想到有可能使用这样的系统比人类自己更接近海洋生物，我们都处于一种激动的状态。可知Robert Katzschmann对SoFi的研究很兴奋。可知答案为B。

3。根据While most underwater robots are tied to boats, SoFi has a much simpler and

lightweight system that’s found in smartphones. To swim, the motor causes water to flow into two

balloon-like chamber in the fish’s tail. As one chamber (室) expands, it bends to one side, and then

when the motors push water to the other channel.

虽然大多数水下机器人都系在船上，但SoFi有一个更简单、更轻量的智能手机系统。在游泳时，马达会让水流入鱼尾巴上两个气球状的腔体。作为一个室(室)的扩张,它弯向一边,然后当汽车水推到其他渠道,通读文章第三段内容可知作者通过本段讲述了SoFi是如何运转工作的。可知答案为D。

4。通读全文可知本文讲述的是麻省理工学院（MIT）的研究人员研发出一款机器鱼—SoFi,研制该款机器鱼的目的是在产生最小的破坏性的前提下，能够近距离的观察所有的水下生物。可知答案为A。

D

1．该空上句提到，礼仪试图建立积极的人际关系。F项（礼仪的目的是尊重一个人被爱和被理解的需要）与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选F项。

2．该空下句提到，人们甚至不愿意花时间观察周围事物。B项（人们变得更加以自我

为中心，更加自恋）与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看周围是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。

3．该空下句提到，人们变得越来越不关心礼仪。A项（随着科技的进步）在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关心和随着科学发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的衔接。故选A项。

4．该空上句提到，礼貌不仅仅是一个简单的社会礼仪。G项（它也关乎对他人善良，关爱和尊重）的意思和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的not just

和本句的 also可以看出两句联系紧密。故选G项。

5．该空下句提到，他们也会尊重你。C项（只要你尊重他人）和下句构成条件状语从句，且句该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。

E

/that ng shocked become

able